基于GIS的目的地旅游信息系统研究
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摘要
旅游业已经成为发展势头非常强劲的产业。随着信息技术的发展,旅游产业信息化已成为一种必然趋势。近年来,中国旅游业发展迅速,但旅游业的信息化尚处于发展初期。加入世贸组织(WTO)后,入境旅游市场将进一步扩大。日益强调个性需求的旅游呼唤一个能集介绍、导游、组织、预订为一体的旅游信息系统。作为信息技术重要组成部分的地理信息技术以独有的空间数据查询、分析功能满足了旅游产品的空间性表达。GlS技术与旅游业的结合,将深化旅游产业信息化的进程,改变旅游产业信息化的面貌,从而促进中国旅游业进一步的可持续的发展。
Internet是当今获取信息和知识不可缺少的手段和途径,在交通和游方面显得尤为重要。基于Internet的电子旅游信息系统爆炸性地增长助燃了探索寻求一种新的途径用以存取广泛分布在分布式的异构旅游信息系统的数据和地理信息源为有效地实现信息网上再现和预定、登记旅游产品之目的。这种需求导致了应用因特网地理信息系统。鉴于此,本文对建立基于因特网地理信息系统的旅游目的地信息系统进行了研究和构建。
本文首先对国内外旅游信息化进程作了回顾与展望,选取旅游目的地信息系统作为旅游业与信息化的结合方式。然后分析了万维网地理信息系统技术的特点和实现方法,论述了它与旅游信息化相结合的必要性和可行性。在此基础上对系统进行需求分析,得出了本系统的数据需求和初步的功能需求,同时提出了在Internet上实现旅游信息系统的解决方案。最后,比较和分析了旅游地理信息系统中寻求最佳路径的两种算法。
本系统充分利用WebGIS软件系统的空间分析功能对研究区风景资源进行管理决策,并利用其统计分析功能对风景区有关数据进行统计分析,从而为管理决策提供科学直观的信息;提供了简单而方便的数据操作方式,在设计中注意了保持数据的一致性和完整性;在数据输出方面,让用户可以按多种方式查询所需信息,打印查询的数据或景区专题图等。
由于旅游信息涉及的范围很广,需要综合考虑游客实现旅游行为的各个环节,因此,本系统还有许多需要进一步改进和完善的地方。但我们相信,在全球数字化的趋势下,这种基于Internet GIS的旅游信息系统必将成为新一代旅游信息系统发展的走向。
Tourism has developed rapidly in the past decades. With the development of information technology, the informationization of tourism industry has already become a kind of inevitable trend. In recent years, China's tourism industry has developed rapidly, but its informationization is still at an early stage of development. After joining in the WTO, the international tourist market will further expand. As a result of emphasizing on individualization by international tourists, a tourism information system that provides integrated multiple functions such as recommending, guiding, organizing and booking is strongly expected. Geographic Information System (GIS), as an important part of information technology (IT), has met the needs of tour products, which want to express their spatial characteristics ,because it has a set of special functions to inquire and analyze the spatial data. The combination of GIS and tourism will deepen the process of the information-based of tourism, change its present appearance and then promote the further and sustainable development of Chinese tourism.
Today Internet is increasingly becoming the major source of gaining information and knowledge. In the aspect of communication and tourism, the use of Internet is especially important. The explosive growth in electronic Tourism Information System on Internet has fueled the quest for finding a new approach to supporting to access an extensive data on a distributed and heterogeneous TISs and geographic information sources, to achieve efficient visualization of tourism data, and to book tourism products. This quest has often led to applications based on Internet Geographic Information Systems. In the light of this, the thesis probes into the setting up of the tourism destination information system based on Internet GIS.
This thesis firstly reviews and prospects the process of the tourism informationization at home and abroad, and chooses tourism destination information system as the combination of tourism industry and informationization. Secondly, some characteristics and implementation methods of using Internet GIS technology in tourism are analyzed and discussed with examples. When tourism information combined with the Internet GIS technology, it will provide a great opportunity and market potential for both sides. According to the analysis of the system's requirements we have got the data requirements and the elementary function requirements. Based on this, we set up a
sample framework solution for the application. At last, two different algorithms are discussed to make out the best path.
In this system, using spatial analytic function of WebGIS to carry out the subsidiary decision-making system. It also make good use of the function of statistical analysis to do some analysis in the scenic spot. The application provides a simple and convenient data manipulation. And it pays much attention to maintain the integrity and accuracy of data. The application also provides a convenient data output. You can use multimethods to query what you concern for. For example you can use vector information query, space data query or print special topic map what you need.
Because tourism information concerns a lot of fields, the system still has many parts need to be consummated. But we believe that TIS based on WebGIS technology, which implements the function of Internet Publication, will be the trend of moderb TIS.
Internet是当今获取信息和知识不可缺少的手段和途径,在交通和游方面显得尤为重要。基于Internet的电子旅游信息系统爆炸性地增长助燃了探索寻求一种新的途径用以存取广泛分布在分布式的异构旅游信息系统的数据和地理信息源为有效地实现信息网上再现和预定、登记旅游产品之目的。这种需求导致了应用因特网地理信息系统。鉴于此,本文对建立基于因特网地理信息系统的旅游目的地信息系统进行了研究和构建。
本文首先对国内外旅游信息化进程作了回顾与展望,选取旅游目的地信息系统作为旅游业与信息化的结合方式。然后分析了万维网地理信息系统技术的特点和实现方法,论述了它与旅游信息化相结合的必要性和可行性。在此基础上对系统进行需求分析,得出了本系统的数据需求和初步的功能需求,同时提出了在Internet上实现旅游信息系统的解决方案。最后,比较和分析了旅游地理信息系统中寻求最佳路径的两种算法。
本系统充分利用WebGIS软件系统的空间分析功能对研究区风景资源进行管理决策,并利用其统计分析功能对风景区有关数据进行统计分析,从而为管理决策提供科学直观的信息;提供了简单而方便的数据操作方式,在设计中注意了保持数据的一致性和完整性;在数据输出方面,让用户可以按多种方式查询所需信息,打印查询的数据或景区专题图等。
由于旅游信息涉及的范围很广,需要综合考虑游客实现旅游行为的各个环节,因此,本系统还有许多需要进一步改进和完善的地方。但我们相信,在全球数字化的趋势下,这种基于Internet GIS的旅游信息系统必将成为新一代旅游信息系统发展的走向。
Tourism has developed rapidly in the past decades. With the development of information technology, the informationization of tourism industry has already become a kind of inevitable trend. In recent years, China's tourism industry has developed rapidly, but its informationization is still at an early stage of development. After joining in the WTO, the international tourist market will further expand. As a result of emphasizing on individualization by international tourists, a tourism information system that provides integrated multiple functions such as recommending, guiding, organizing and booking is strongly expected. Geographic Information System (GIS), as an important part of information technology (IT), has met the needs of tour products, which want to express their spatial characteristics ,because it has a set of special functions to inquire and analyze the spatial data. The combination of GIS and tourism will deepen the process of the information-based of tourism, change its present appearance and then promote the further and sustainable development of Chinese tourism.
Today Internet is increasingly becoming the major source of gaining information and knowledge. In the aspect of communication and tourism, the use of Internet is especially important. The explosive growth in electronic Tourism Information System on Internet has fueled the quest for finding a new approach to supporting to access an extensive data on a distributed and heterogeneous TISs and geographic information sources, to achieve efficient visualization of tourism data, and to book tourism products. This quest has often led to applications based on Internet Geographic Information Systems. In the light of this, the thesis probes into the setting up of the tourism destination information system based on Internet GIS.
This thesis firstly reviews and prospects the process of the tourism informationization at home and abroad, and chooses tourism destination information system as the combination of tourism industry and informationization. Secondly, some characteristics and implementation methods of using Internet GIS technology in tourism are analyzed and discussed with examples. When tourism information combined with the Internet GIS technology, it will provide a great opportunity and market potential for both sides. According to the analysis of the system's requirements we have got the data requirements and the elementary function requirements. Based on this, we set up a
sample framework solution for the application. At last, two different algorithms are discussed to make out the best path.
In this system, using spatial analytic function of WebGIS to carry out the subsidiary decision-making system. It also make good use of the function of statistical analysis to do some analysis in the scenic spot. The application provides a simple and convenient data manipulation. And it pays much attention to maintain the integrity and accuracy of data. The application also provides a convenient data output. You can use multimethods to query what you concern for. For example you can use vector information query, space data query or print special topic map what you need.
Because tourism information concerns a lot of fields, the system still has many parts need to be consummated. But we believe that TIS based on WebGIS technology, which implements the function of Internet Publication, will be the trend of moderb TIS.
引文
陈禹. 基于GIS的旅游信息系统设计与开发. 计算机与现代化[J]. 2001.000(001): 130-135.
王永燕, 孙雪松等. 基于GIS的旅游景区信息系统研究. 济南大学学报(自然科学版). 2002.16(3): 271-273.
赵军, 张心扬. 旅游信息系统多媒体地图数据库的建立. 济南大学学报(自然科学版) 2003.17(1): 51-53.
孙斐. 面向外域游客的旅游目的地信息系统的研建——以无锡市为例. 南京. 南京师范大学. 2002: 7-8.
曹雁鸣. 基于GIS的西安市旅游信息系统设计与实现. 西安. 长安大学. 2002: 4-7.
马捷, 李俊民. 地理信息系统在区域旅游中的应用. 安阳师范学院学报. 2003.000(002): 54-56。
李贵荣, 郭建平. 地理信息系统的研究现状及发展趋势. 南方冶金学院学报. 2003.024(002): 10-14.
李新国, 张长利等. 地理信息系统的发展现状及前沿技术. 塔里木农垦大学学报. 2003.015(001): 35-37.
杨晓红. 地理信息系统. 中华流行病学杂志. 2003.024(004): 290-290.
方子岩. GIS与WebGIS. 铁路航测. 2001.000(004): 1-3.
潘春华, 吕国斌等. WebGIS的开发研究. 微机发展. 2002.012(003): 20-23
刘丹, 彭黎辉等. 基于WebGIS技术的旅游信息系统的设计. 计算机与现代化. 2001.000(005): 67-72.
康冬舟, 益建芳. WebGIS实现技术综述及展望. 信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版). 2002.015(001): 119-124.
许进, 江树生等. WebGIS实现方法与应用研究. 应用科技. 2002.029(008): 32-35.
龚健雅. 当代GIS技术的若干理论与技术. 武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社. 1999: 22-26.
蔡忠亮, 毋河海等. 基于电子地图的超媒体数据模型研究. 武汉大学学报. 2001.26(5):459-464.
陈菁. 基于GIS的福建省旅游信息系统研究. 经济地理. 2002.22(1):120-123.
严寒冰, 刘迎春. 基于GIS的旅游导游服务系统设计. 浙江工程学院学报. 2000.17(3): 177-181.
杨春宇. 区域旅游信息系统的建设与作用. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版). 2002. 20(3): 52-55.
曹静, 赵军等. 基于ASP组件技术的WebGIS开发与实现. 计算机系统应用. 2003.000(006):
11-13.
罗平, 黄耀丽等. 基于GIS和多媒体集成的旅游信息系统开发与实践. 测绘通报. 2001.000(012): 25-27.
符炬. 饭店远程客房信息管理系统初探. 电子与信息化. 1998.000(010): -49-51.
孙全国. 杭州客房预订系统. 电脑学习. 2000.0(6): 7-8.
张存保, 刘独华等. 车辆监控调度系统的设计与开发. 交通与计算机. 2002. 20(3): 17-19.
郭士增, 谭学治. 基于集群通信平台的出租车GPS监控技术. 通信技术. 2003.0(2): 74-75.
吴少淳, 徐宁寿等. 自动车辆定位调度系统的研究[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报. 1998.24(5): 502-505.
张思复, 管仕平等. 实时车辆调度系统. 重庆大学学报. 2002.25(10): 49-51.
田杰, 吴力合等. 地理信息系统中算法的研究. 微计算机信息. 2003.019(007): 92-93.
Wang Chaorui. Graph Theory, Second Edition. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology Press, 1997(inChinese).
严寒冰, 刘迎春 基于GIS的城市道路网最短路径算法探讨 计算机学报 2000.23(2).
边馥苓. GIS地理信息系统原理和方法. 北京: 测绘出版社. 1996.1-8.
孔云峰, 林珲. 地理信息系统在区域商业和经济中的应用初探. 经济地理. 1999. 19(5):1-5.
陆守一. 地理信息系统实用教程. 北京: 中国林业出版社. 2000: 102-108.
黄怡然, 黄杏元. 基于Interner的旅游信息系统研究. 计算机应用研究. 2000(1): 114—117.
Zimmerman,Geoge. Partnerships, technology forge a better way for tourism in Ohio[N]. Business, First-Columbus, 05/15/98, Vol. 14 Issue 38:23.
Huilin, LiZhang. Internet-based investment environment information system: A case study on BKR of China[J]. IJGIS 1998, 12.
Esri. MapObjects Internet Map Server: Using MapObjects on the Internet[M]. Esri Press, 1998.
GONG Jianya. Some of Theories and Technology about GIS in the Contemporary Era[M]. Wuhan: Publishing House of Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping, 1999, 44-46.
S. D. Kirkby AND S. E. P. Pollitt Distributing Spatial Information To Geogaphically Disparate Users: A Case Study of Ecotourism and Environmental Management Australian Geographical Studies 1998.11.
Christophe Bobineau, Luc Bouganim, Philippe Pucheral, Paktrick Valduriez. PicoDBMS: Scaling down Database Techniques for the Smartcard[A]. Proceedings of VLDB 2000[C]: 11-20.
Surajit Chaudhuri, Gerhard Weikum. Eethinking database system architecture: Towards a self-tuning RISC-style database system[A]. Proceedings of VLDB 2000[C]: 1-10.
Du, Wencai, Yair Gabay 2002, Tourism Information System-based on GIS, Proceeding of Asia Map 2002.
Goodchild, Michael. Preface. Interoperating Geographic Information Systems. Edited by Goodchild, M. & Egenhofer, M. & Fegeas. R. & Kottman, C. Kluwer Academic Publishers 1999.
Hruschka H, Mazanec J. Computer-Assisted Travel Counceling. Annals of Tourism Research, 1990,17: 208-227.
Scott R Loban. A framework for Computer-Assisted Travel Counseling. Annals of Tourism Research, 1997, 21: 813-834.
Sheldon P J. Destination Information Systems. Annals of Tourism Research, 1993, 20: 633-649.
Mulye R, Richard J. A Decision Support System for Tourism Destination Choice. In Information and Communications Technologies in Tourism, Proceedings of the International Conference in Innsbrug. Austria, Schertler W, Schmid B, Tjoa A and Werthner H, eds, New York: Spring-Verlag, 1995.289-298.
Lenz M. IMTAS: Intelligent Multimedia Travel Agent System. In Information and Communications Technologies in Tourism, Proceedings of the International Conferencein Innsbrug, Austria, Schertler W, Schmid B, Tjoa A and Werthner H, eds, NewYork: Spring-Verlag, 1996.289-298.
Michael N. DeMers. Fundamentals of Geographic Information Systems[M]。 New Mexico: New Mexico University the United States of America, 2000.
Chappell, Dvaid. Understanding AcriveX and OLE. Microsoft Press. 1999.
王永燕, 孙雪松等. 基于GIS的旅游景区信息系统研究. 济南大学学报(自然科学版). 2002.16(3): 271-273.
赵军, 张心扬. 旅游信息系统多媒体地图数据库的建立. 济南大学学报(自然科学版) 2003.17(1): 51-53.
孙斐. 面向外域游客的旅游目的地信息系统的研建——以无锡市为例. 南京. 南京师范大学. 2002: 7-8.
曹雁鸣. 基于GIS的西安市旅游信息系统设计与实现. 西安. 长安大学. 2002: 4-7.
马捷, 李俊民. 地理信息系统在区域旅游中的应用. 安阳师范学院学报. 2003.000(002): 54-56。
李贵荣, 郭建平. 地理信息系统的研究现状及发展趋势. 南方冶金学院学报. 2003.024(002): 10-14.
李新国, 张长利等. 地理信息系统的发展现状及前沿技术. 塔里木农垦大学学报. 2003.015(001): 35-37.
杨晓红. 地理信息系统. 中华流行病学杂志. 2003.024(004): 290-290.
方子岩. GIS与WebGIS. 铁路航测. 2001.000(004): 1-3.
潘春华, 吕国斌等. WebGIS的开发研究. 微机发展. 2002.012(003): 20-23
刘丹, 彭黎辉等. 基于WebGIS技术的旅游信息系统的设计. 计算机与现代化. 2001.000(005): 67-72.
康冬舟, 益建芳. WebGIS实现技术综述及展望. 信阳师范学院学报(自然科学版). 2002.015(001): 119-124.
许进, 江树生等. WebGIS实现方法与应用研究. 应用科技. 2002.029(008): 32-35.
龚健雅. 当代GIS技术的若干理论与技术. 武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社. 1999: 22-26.
蔡忠亮, 毋河海等. 基于电子地图的超媒体数据模型研究. 武汉大学学报. 2001.26(5):459-464.
陈菁. 基于GIS的福建省旅游信息系统研究. 经济地理. 2002.22(1):120-123.
严寒冰, 刘迎春. 基于GIS的旅游导游服务系统设计. 浙江工程学院学报. 2000.17(3): 177-181.
杨春宇. 区域旅游信息系统的建设与作用. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版). 2002. 20(3): 52-55.
曹静, 赵军等. 基于ASP组件技术的WebGIS开发与实现. 计算机系统应用. 2003.000(006):
11-13.
罗平, 黄耀丽等. 基于GIS和多媒体集成的旅游信息系统开发与实践. 测绘通报. 2001.000(012): 25-27.
符炬. 饭店远程客房信息管理系统初探. 电子与信息化. 1998.000(010): -49-51.
孙全国. 杭州客房预订系统. 电脑学习. 2000.0(6): 7-8.
张存保, 刘独华等. 车辆监控调度系统的设计与开发. 交通与计算机. 2002. 20(3): 17-19.
郭士增, 谭学治. 基于集群通信平台的出租车GPS监控技术. 通信技术. 2003.0(2): 74-75.
吴少淳, 徐宁寿等. 自动车辆定位调度系统的研究[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报. 1998.24(5): 502-505.
张思复, 管仕平等. 实时车辆调度系统. 重庆大学学报. 2002.25(10): 49-51.
田杰, 吴力合等. 地理信息系统中算法的研究. 微计算机信息. 2003.019(007): 92-93.
Wang Chaorui. Graph Theory, Second Edition. Beijing: Beijing University of Technology Press, 1997(inChinese).
严寒冰, 刘迎春 基于GIS的城市道路网最短路径算法探讨 计算机学报 2000.23(2).
边馥苓. GIS地理信息系统原理和方法. 北京: 测绘出版社. 1996.1-8.
孔云峰, 林珲. 地理信息系统在区域商业和经济中的应用初探. 经济地理. 1999. 19(5):1-5.
陆守一. 地理信息系统实用教程. 北京: 中国林业出版社. 2000: 102-108.
黄怡然, 黄杏元. 基于Interner的旅游信息系统研究. 计算机应用研究. 2000(1): 114—117.
Zimmerman,Geoge. Partnerships, technology forge a better way for tourism in Ohio[N]. Business, First-Columbus, 05/15/98, Vol. 14 Issue 38:23.
Huilin, LiZhang. Internet-based investment environment information system: A case study on BKR of China[J]. IJGIS 1998, 12.
Esri. MapObjects Internet Map Server: Using MapObjects on the Internet[M]. Esri Press, 1998.
GONG Jianya. Some of Theories and Technology about GIS in the Contemporary Era[M]. Wuhan: Publishing House of Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping, 1999, 44-46.
S. D. Kirkby AND S. E. P. Pollitt Distributing Spatial Information To Geogaphically Disparate Users: A Case Study of Ecotourism and Environmental Management Australian Geographical Studies 1998.11.
Christophe Bobineau, Luc Bouganim, Philippe Pucheral, Paktrick Valduriez. PicoDBMS: Scaling down Database Techniques for the Smartcard[A]. Proceedings of VLDB 2000[C]: 11-20.
Surajit Chaudhuri, Gerhard Weikum. Eethinking database system architecture: Towards a self-tuning RISC-style database system[A]. Proceedings of VLDB 2000[C]: 1-10.
Du, Wencai, Yair Gabay 2002, Tourism Information System-based on GIS, Proceeding of Asia Map 2002.
Goodchild, Michael. Preface. Interoperating Geographic Information Systems. Edited by Goodchild, M. & Egenhofer, M. & Fegeas. R. & Kottman, C. Kluwer Academic Publishers 1999.
Hruschka H, Mazanec J. Computer-Assisted Travel Counceling. Annals of Tourism Research, 1990,17: 208-227.
Scott R Loban. A framework for Computer-Assisted Travel Counseling. Annals of Tourism Research, 1997, 21: 813-834.
Sheldon P J. Destination Information Systems. Annals of Tourism Research, 1993, 20: 633-649.
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