基于GPS的公交定位调度系统车载部分设计
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摘要
基于GPS的车辆监控系统在我国开始应用是在20世纪90年代初,在2000年后才出现了较成熟的产品,这主要得益于短消息(SMS)的推广。目前的产品也多是利用SMS作为通讯方式,构建系统。但这种系统有其固有的缺点;短消息按条收费使得通讯费用较高,短消息还容易出现延迟、丢失的现象,降低了系统的实时性和可靠性。
在中国移动推出2.5代移动通信技术GPRS服务之后,借助GPRS网络可以使移动数据传输的费用大大降低,因GPRS网络具有按流量收费、永远在线、较之SMS短信息传输成本低的特点,使其成为一种比较理想的移动数据传输方式。本文从系统总体设计的角度阐述了基于GPRS网络GPS监控系统的设计,实现了车辆终端的设计、定位数据的传输等。
本文通过分析GPS定位系统、GPRS通信技术、GIS地理信息系统的原理和技术,研究了基于GPS的公交定位调度系统的应用。利用GPS全方位高精度的定位特性、GPRS永远在线、按流量计费、低成本的特点,完成实现了车载部分的设计。
由于时间有限,本次研究实现的软件功能有限,但已具备了一个网络GPS监控系统的基本功能。相信随着研究的继续深入,功能会进一步完善。
Supervising and controlling system of vehicle based on GPS had been applied in China from 1990s,but workable production appeared in 2000.These productions communicated by SMS(Short Message Service).But this system has disadvantage inhered:Communication fee is higher because of paying SMS one by one,and SMS also was delayed and dropped. This reduces the system real-time and reliability.
After the 2.5 generation mobile communication technology GPRS brought into market by China Mobile Corporation, the cost of data transmission has been reduced. Because of GPRS has characteristics of charge in quantity, always online, lower cost, make it become the best solution of mobile data transmission. Based on research of GPS,GPRS,we gave a design of new system as a whole and the implement of design of terminal on car and transmission way of position data.
With the analysis of GPS location, GPRS communication, GIS (geological information system) technique, we studied technology on GIS/GPS application. The system is designed by taking advantages of GPS's full directions and precision, and the GPRS always online with low cost.
Because of time the function that finished is limited, but it is the basic skill of a supervising and controlling system of vehicle based on GPS. With the research going on, the function may be more perfect.
在中国移动推出2.5代移动通信技术GPRS服务之后,借助GPRS网络可以使移动数据传输的费用大大降低,因GPRS网络具有按流量收费、永远在线、较之SMS短信息传输成本低的特点,使其成为一种比较理想的移动数据传输方式。本文从系统总体设计的角度阐述了基于GPRS网络GPS监控系统的设计,实现了车辆终端的设计、定位数据的传输等。
本文通过分析GPS定位系统、GPRS通信技术、GIS地理信息系统的原理和技术,研究了基于GPS的公交定位调度系统的应用。利用GPS全方位高精度的定位特性、GPRS永远在线、按流量计费、低成本的特点,完成实现了车载部分的设计。
由于时间有限,本次研究实现的软件功能有限,但已具备了一个网络GPS监控系统的基本功能。相信随着研究的继续深入,功能会进一步完善。
Supervising and controlling system of vehicle based on GPS had been applied in China from 1990s,but workable production appeared in 2000.These productions communicated by SMS(Short Message Service).But this system has disadvantage inhered:Communication fee is higher because of paying SMS one by one,and SMS also was delayed and dropped. This reduces the system real-time and reliability.
After the 2.5 generation mobile communication technology GPRS brought into market by China Mobile Corporation, the cost of data transmission has been reduced. Because of GPRS has characteristics of charge in quantity, always online, lower cost, make it become the best solution of mobile data transmission. Based on research of GPS,GPRS,we gave a design of new system as a whole and the implement of design of terminal on car and transmission way of position data.
With the analysis of GPS location, GPRS communication, GIS (geological information system) technique, we studied technology on GIS/GPS application. The system is designed by taking advantages of GPS's full directions and precision, and the GPRS always online with low cost.
Because of time the function that finished is limited, but it is the basic skill of a supervising and controlling system of vehicle based on GPS. With the research going on, the function may be more perfect.
引文
[1] 许捍卫.移动式 GIS 发展的关键技术及应用前景,测绘工程,2003.03
[2] 余涛,俞立中,王铮.移动计算环境下 GIS 技术的发展及应用 测绘通报 2002.02
[3] ElliottD Kaplan,GPS 原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[4] 钟章队等.GPRS 通用分组无线业务[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.
[6] 彭志煜.GPS/GSM 移动目标监控系统简介,现代通信,2000.08
[7] 张静等.GSM 网络短消息吞吐量分析.电信技术,2000 年第 9 期
[8] 郭梯云,杨家纬等.数字移动通信(修订本).北京:人民邮电出版社,2001
[9] 汤吉群,张德民,李玲.数据通信技术,北京:人名邮电出版社,1999
[10]谢振东.智能交通系统体系结构中的通信,中山大学学报,2000 年第 6 期
[11]陈则王,袁信.面向 ITS 的车辆导航与定位技术.交通与计算机,2001 年第 5 期
[12]赵亦林.车辆定位导航系统.电子工业出版社,1999,6.pl-13,p48-108
[13]刘基余,李征航,王越虎等.全球定位系统原理及其应用.测绘出版社,1993,10
[14]周忠漠,易杰军.GPS 卫星测量原理与应用.北京:测绘出版杜,1992
[15]冯锡生,赵晓琳.GPS 及其通讯组网.中国铁道出版社
[16]邓中卫.GPS 技术、应用与市场.航空工业出版社,1996
[17]汪润生.移动数据通讯与 WAP-Internet 发展的新动力.电信建设,2001,4,2 期
[18]Jules Mcneff . Leadership in Satellite Navigation and Timing . Past Success-future Challenge.GPS World,Oct./Nov.1999
[19] Chris Tull.SMS:Introduction. http://www.anywhereyougo.com/sms/index.po
[20] Geographic Data Technology.http://www.geographic.com
[21]The Point-to-Point Protocol,IETF RFC1661 July,1994
[22]ETSI TC-SMG GPRS Ad hoc,“Digital Cellular Telecommunica-tions System(Phase2+);General Packet Radio Service(GPRS);Overall Description of the GPRS Radio Interface(GSM 03.64).” http://www.ets.org/
[23]C.Bettstetter,H.J. V“ogle,and J.Ebersp”acher,“GSM Phase2+ General Packet Radio Service GPRS:Architecture,Protocols,and Air Interface,” IEEE Commum.Surveys.Vol .2,no. 3 Quarter,1999. p2-14
[2] 余涛,俞立中,王铮.移动计算环境下 GIS 技术的发展及应用 测绘通报 2002.02
[3] ElliottD Kaplan,GPS 原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[4] 钟章队等.GPRS 通用分组无线业务[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2002.
[6] 彭志煜.GPS/GSM 移动目标监控系统简介,现代通信,2000.08
[7] 张静等.GSM 网络短消息吞吐量分析.电信技术,2000 年第 9 期
[8] 郭梯云,杨家纬等.数字移动通信(修订本).北京:人民邮电出版社,2001
[9] 汤吉群,张德民,李玲.数据通信技术,北京:人名邮电出版社,1999
[10]谢振东.智能交通系统体系结构中的通信,中山大学学报,2000 年第 6 期
[11]陈则王,袁信.面向 ITS 的车辆导航与定位技术.交通与计算机,2001 年第 5 期
[12]赵亦林.车辆定位导航系统.电子工业出版社,1999,6.pl-13,p48-108
[13]刘基余,李征航,王越虎等.全球定位系统原理及其应用.测绘出版社,1993,10
[14]周忠漠,易杰军.GPS 卫星测量原理与应用.北京:测绘出版杜,1992
[15]冯锡生,赵晓琳.GPS 及其通讯组网.中国铁道出版社
[16]邓中卫.GPS 技术、应用与市场.航空工业出版社,1996
[17]汪润生.移动数据通讯与 WAP-Internet 发展的新动力.电信建设,2001,4,2 期
[18]Jules Mcneff . Leadership in Satellite Navigation and Timing . Past Success-future Challenge.GPS World,Oct./Nov.1999
[19] Chris Tull.SMS:Introduction. http://www.anywhereyougo.com/sms/index.po
[20] Geographic Data Technology.http://www.geographic.com
[21]The Point-to-Point Protocol,IETF RFC1661 July,1994
[22]ETSI TC-SMG GPRS Ad hoc,“Digital Cellular Telecommunica-tions System(Phase2+);General Packet Radio Service(GPRS);Overall Description of the GPRS Radio Interface(GSM 03.64).” http://www.ets.org/
[23]C.Bettstetter,H.J. V“ogle,and J.Ebersp”acher,“GSM Phase2+ General Packet Radio Service GPRS:Architecture,Protocols,and Air Interface,” IEEE Commum.Surveys.Vol .2,no. 3 Quarter,1999. p2-14