遥测地震仪数据传输技术研究与软件实现
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摘要
随着国民经济的快速发展,我国对石油、矿产等能源的需求越来越旺盛。地震勘探作为一种快速高效的地球物理勘探方法,在能源勘探领域得到广泛应用。遥测地震仪作为地震勘探的关键设备,90%以上依靠国外进口,国内自主研发投入少,严重制约了我国地震勘探事业的发展。虽然经过国内研究机构的多年努力,地震仪的发展已经取得长足的进步,然而由于地震仪道容量一直受到数据传输技术的制约,严重影响了地震仪野外的实际勘探效率。因此,对遥测地震仪数据传输技术的研究就显得尤为重要。
本文基于我学院正在研制的分布式遥测地震仪,从系统网络结构入手,以分布式数据采集系统的数据传输技术作为研究重点,提出采用一种以太网切换混合协议的方法,并在系统UDP/IP协议基础上给出这种混合协议的具体实现方法。同时本文基于C#语言设计完成了遥测地震仪的上位机测控软件,实现了对分布式地震数据采集系统的建排管理,数据采集、存储、地震数据格式文件构建与解析,图形显示和打印等功能,也为遥测地震仪系统的数据传输技术进一步研究奠定了基础。全文主要通过开展遥测地震仪数据传输技术研究以及上位机测控软件的设计工作,以期达到实现对地震数据采集系统的有效监测管理,提高野外勘探生产效率的目的,对实验室遥测地震仪研究具有一定的实际意义。
Exploration seismology is a branch of Geophysics ,and its ultimate principle is that research the subterranean deposit and resolve engineering problems and environment problems. With the development of economy in our country, the energy demands increase, the situation that seismic prospecting will have a vigorous period is forseed. Exploration seismology as an often-used geophysical prospecting method has many advantages such as less cost, high efficiency, visual results, so its application areas include every phase of the infrastructure construction and energy exploration. The seismic prospecting instruments will enter a new fast development period. The next generation seismic prospecting instruments will be the integration of sensor, location, acquisition and transmission with the high automatization and intellectuality, but they also will be the free combination system in which has the compatible cable and wireless and has not the fixed models. Though many techniques of seismograph have been developed, the new techniques in practical applications have many problems such as limitations, the 5th generation 24bit telemetric seismograph will be the key of the research for a long period. Though in our country the demands for the seismic prospecting instruments are great, the research institute pay more attention to research the seismic prospecting methods and the data processing software than research the instruments which have a long distance compared with the foreign countries’. The instruments of foreign countries have the 90% market share in the instrument market. Based on the research situation, the lab in jilin university have made the research for a long period, finished overtaking in the many hardware techniques of the system and made progress in the phasal sense.The network data transmission technology of the telemetry seismograph in foreign research institution was considered the key technology for the blockade, and the lab telemetry the seismograph want to find a way to expand the number of data transfer rates to the rule of the bottleneck problems in a data transmission technology which needed to devoted to the research. The papers have done the in-depth study of the distributed telemetry the seismograph of data transmission technology and upper software for tracking control.
First, this article is based on the basic principles of exploration seismology, this paper studies the seismograph national and international situation and developing trends of the study. Based on the distributed the seismograph cable data transmission technology, such as LDVS, RS -485, CAN and LAN technology for research and do some comparative analysis in the field of application. Based on telemetry seismograph of the relay ethernet, make a analysis for data transmission and real-time performance. To adopt a mixed agreement of the ethernet and give the concrete realization method.
In addition, ethernet technology in a large collection of data transmission control systems have been widely used, ethernet and the tcp/ip protocol in a lot of control has been approved. But seismic data collection systems call for higher , the industrial sector of the ethernet technology could not fully satisfy the needs of the gathering. Besides the ethernet structer and transmission medium, in the transport protocol must also study ways to improve, the paper mainly in the tcp/ip protocol cluster overview of the main agreements and analysis. In the tcp/ip protocol of the schemes, adopted by the local system design and optimize the use of a system of the network card drivers and use zero copying techniques between the transport protocols to achieve the objective of seismic data transfer rates.
At last, based on laboratory telemetry the in the tcp/ip protocol of the plan, adopted by the local system design and optimize the use of a system of the network card drivers and the transport protocol is between zero copying techniques to achieve the objective of seismic data transfer rates seismograph the efficiency of the problem, in order to achieve complete the seismograph transport system, the paper accomplish a set of functions which include a more perfect tracking control software of the upper computer. Through various functions modular design, implementation of effective monitoring system. in software is modularized specific design aimed at present, the seismograph tracking control software a single data format file, with resolve in a seg -2 according to the file format resolved on the basis of an international application of more widely seg - y format file that reads and make the graphical display; As telemetry for the need of the laboratory three-dimensional seismograph we design the building management functions of a two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismograph, line up the function of graphical data ; for the large amount, graphical appear on the screen shining and the slower speed, the paper adopts a pair of the technology to reduce the graphics time and improve the software ability on system collection of real-time monitoring, at the same time increases in the graphic design large format printing function of the page for the technical staff reference. With the test of experiment by functional modules, testing and the system unit tests for all aspects of the continuous improvement and optimized, and through the software system of a whole, verify that the upper the software functionality and improve data collection system for earthquake monitoring and control functions. At the same time the experiment results from the side of the lab telemetry prove the seismograph transmission properties and the necessity of studying.
Overall, based on the telemetry seismograph network structure of ethernet technology, the data transmission problems and timely analysis, the paper proposes to adopt a method based on agreement between the ethernet to improve the seismograph data transfers of real and definitive problem .For the telemetry seismograph ethernet and tcp/ip network transmission technology agreement to research and analysis, and adopt a transport protocol based on zero copying of data in different ways to shorten the processing time steps. Finally, the papers on the seismograph telemetry systems gives the upper of the tracking control software design and implementation and integration for telemetry the seismograph data transmission technology research and the instruments of a transmission control, to improve the efficiency of the purpose of data transmission. The contents of the study focused on the domestic telemetry the seismograph data transfer rates and gathering way for the expansion of the bottleneck problems and put forward his theory research improvement and telemetry the seismograph data transmission system based on the upper machine the way to optimize the software for tracking control design and implementation work, the laboratory telemetry the seismograph on field exploration production efficiency of the question of laboratory telemetry the seismograph study of the practical significance.
本文基于我学院正在研制的分布式遥测地震仪,从系统网络结构入手,以分布式数据采集系统的数据传输技术作为研究重点,提出采用一种以太网切换混合协议的方法,并在系统UDP/IP协议基础上给出这种混合协议的具体实现方法。同时本文基于C#语言设计完成了遥测地震仪的上位机测控软件,实现了对分布式地震数据采集系统的建排管理,数据采集、存储、地震数据格式文件构建与解析,图形显示和打印等功能,也为遥测地震仪系统的数据传输技术进一步研究奠定了基础。全文主要通过开展遥测地震仪数据传输技术研究以及上位机测控软件的设计工作,以期达到实现对地震数据采集系统的有效监测管理,提高野外勘探生产效率的目的,对实验室遥测地震仪研究具有一定的实际意义。
Exploration seismology is a branch of Geophysics ,and its ultimate principle is that research the subterranean deposit and resolve engineering problems and environment problems. With the development of economy in our country, the energy demands increase, the situation that seismic prospecting will have a vigorous period is forseed. Exploration seismology as an often-used geophysical prospecting method has many advantages such as less cost, high efficiency, visual results, so its application areas include every phase of the infrastructure construction and energy exploration. The seismic prospecting instruments will enter a new fast development period. The next generation seismic prospecting instruments will be the integration of sensor, location, acquisition and transmission with the high automatization and intellectuality, but they also will be the free combination system in which has the compatible cable and wireless and has not the fixed models. Though many techniques of seismograph have been developed, the new techniques in practical applications have many problems such as limitations, the 5th generation 24bit telemetric seismograph will be the key of the research for a long period. Though in our country the demands for the seismic prospecting instruments are great, the research institute pay more attention to research the seismic prospecting methods and the data processing software than research the instruments which have a long distance compared with the foreign countries’. The instruments of foreign countries have the 90% market share in the instrument market. Based on the research situation, the lab in jilin university have made the research for a long period, finished overtaking in the many hardware techniques of the system and made progress in the phasal sense.The network data transmission technology of the telemetry seismograph in foreign research institution was considered the key technology for the blockade, and the lab telemetry the seismograph want to find a way to expand the number of data transfer rates to the rule of the bottleneck problems in a data transmission technology which needed to devoted to the research. The papers have done the in-depth study of the distributed telemetry the seismograph of data transmission technology and upper software for tracking control.
First, this article is based on the basic principles of exploration seismology, this paper studies the seismograph national and international situation and developing trends of the study. Based on the distributed the seismograph cable data transmission technology, such as LDVS, RS -485, CAN and LAN technology for research and do some comparative analysis in the field of application. Based on telemetry seismograph of the relay ethernet, make a analysis for data transmission and real-time performance. To adopt a mixed agreement of the ethernet and give the concrete realization method.
In addition, ethernet technology in a large collection of data transmission control systems have been widely used, ethernet and the tcp/ip protocol in a lot of control has been approved. But seismic data collection systems call for higher , the industrial sector of the ethernet technology could not fully satisfy the needs of the gathering. Besides the ethernet structer and transmission medium, in the transport protocol must also study ways to improve, the paper mainly in the tcp/ip protocol cluster overview of the main agreements and analysis. In the tcp/ip protocol of the schemes, adopted by the local system design and optimize the use of a system of the network card drivers and use zero copying techniques between the transport protocols to achieve the objective of seismic data transfer rates.
At last, based on laboratory telemetry the in the tcp/ip protocol of the plan, adopted by the local system design and optimize the use of a system of the network card drivers and the transport protocol is between zero copying techniques to achieve the objective of seismic data transfer rates seismograph the efficiency of the problem, in order to achieve complete the seismograph transport system, the paper accomplish a set of functions which include a more perfect tracking control software of the upper computer. Through various functions modular design, implementation of effective monitoring system. in software is modularized specific design aimed at present, the seismograph tracking control software a single data format file, with resolve in a seg -2 according to the file format resolved on the basis of an international application of more widely seg - y format file that reads and make the graphical display; As telemetry for the need of the laboratory three-dimensional seismograph we design the building management functions of a two-dimensional and three-dimensional seismograph, line up the function of graphical data ; for the large amount, graphical appear on the screen shining and the slower speed, the paper adopts a pair of the technology to reduce the graphics time and improve the software ability on system collection of real-time monitoring, at the same time increases in the graphic design large format printing function of the page for the technical staff reference. With the test of experiment by functional modules, testing and the system unit tests for all aspects of the continuous improvement and optimized, and through the software system of a whole, verify that the upper the software functionality and improve data collection system for earthquake monitoring and control functions. At the same time the experiment results from the side of the lab telemetry prove the seismograph transmission properties and the necessity of studying.
Overall, based on the telemetry seismograph network structure of ethernet technology, the data transmission problems and timely analysis, the paper proposes to adopt a method based on agreement between the ethernet to improve the seismograph data transfers of real and definitive problem .For the telemetry seismograph ethernet and tcp/ip network transmission technology agreement to research and analysis, and adopt a transport protocol based on zero copying of data in different ways to shorten the processing time steps. Finally, the papers on the seismograph telemetry systems gives the upper of the tracking control software design and implementation and integration for telemetry the seismograph data transmission technology research and the instruments of a transmission control, to improve the efficiency of the purpose of data transmission. The contents of the study focused on the domestic telemetry the seismograph data transfer rates and gathering way for the expansion of the bottleneck problems and put forward his theory research improvement and telemetry the seismograph data transmission system based on the upper machine the way to optimize the software for tracking control design and implementation work, the laboratory telemetry the seismograph on field exploration production efficiency of the question of laboratory telemetry the seismograph study of the practical significance.
引文
[1]俞寿朋,高分辨率地震勘探,石油工业出版社,1993年第一版:p 1-15.
[2] [美]R.E.谢里夫,[加]L.P.吉尔达特编,初英等译,勘探地震学,石油工业出版社, 1999年第2版:p 1-35;301-343.
[3]王文良,I/O SysetmFour全数字遥测地震仪的性能、特点及与以往地震仪器的对比[J].物探装备,2005.4
[4]王文良,地震勘探仪器的发展、时代划分及其技术特征[]J.石油仪器,2004()l
[5]孙传友等,地震勘探仪器原理,石油大学出版社,1996年第1版:p 10-25.
[6]孙传友,遥测地震仪原理,石油工业出版社,1992年第1版:p 5-30.
[7]王文良,世界地震勘探仪器装备技术发展综述[J].物探装备,2002.12(1)
[8]范宝德,刘惊雷,王培进。基于内存设备环境的图形快速显示技术[ J ].计算机系统应用, 2002, 10,61.
[9]韩传武,用MFC编程实现较大视图的打印预览[ J ].微计算机应用, 1999, 20 (3) : 153.
[10]殷泰晖,张强,杨豹,C#编程从基础到实践[M],北京:电子工业出版社, 2007:98-106.
[11]孙传友,胡官阳.遥测地震仪无线传输技术,石油仪器,1997,11(3):3-6.
[12]韩晓泉等,可存储采集站的设计,石油仪器,2000,14(2):p 1-3.
[13]曾庆有等,遥测地震仪发展水平综述,石油仪器,1997,11(5):p 10-15.
[14]夏祥瑞,当今物探仪器的发展趋势[J].物探装备,2000.2
[15]夏祥瑞,从2003物探装备研讨会看物探装备发展趋势[J].物探装备,2003.3
[16]马朋善,王向阳,黄照文.高分辨率三维地震资料采集仪器及采集技术[J].物探装备,2001.x2(4)
[17]易碧金.地震仪器中应用的数据传输技术[J].物探装备,2008,18(6): 354-360.
[18]李明,康静秋.嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的研究与开发.计算机工程与应用.2002,第16期:118一121
[19]路海,李丽清.一种Mbuf简化实现的方法.计算机工程与应用.2004,第6期:147
[20]王立宁,乐光新,詹菲.MATLAB与通信仿真[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2000
[21]刘怀,胡继峰.一种应用于控制网络的新的媒体访问控制协议—Token-CSMA/CD混合协议[J].测控技术,2001,20(6):5-10.
[22]陈志胜等,一种控制应用的以太网改进协议,计算机工程与应用,2005
[23]姬小兵,尚应军,张帆.山地地震勘探数据采集技术研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(6):31-34.
[24]Jiming Chen,Zhi Wang,Youxian Sun,Real-time capacity analysis of ethernet in industrial application,Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Intelligent Control andAutomation,2002.06.Vol.3.2227-2230.
[26]黄嘉辉,Visual Basic.NET网络程序设-TCP/IP与Internet Programmiing[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:254-266,441-458.
[27]阎世信.山地地球物理勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[28]孙新,刘益成.无线遥测地震仪的传输方式[J].石油仪器,1996,10(4):3-7.
[29]S.Vitturi.On the use of Ethernet at lowlevel of factory communieation systems.Computer Standards and Interfaces,2001,Vol.23(4),P267-277
[30]陆雪莹,蒋慧译.TCP/IP详解卷2:实现[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.1-47
[31]KyungChangLee ,SukLe.Performanee evaluation of switehed Ethemet for real-time industrial communieations.ComPuterStandards&Intedfaces,2002, P4ll-423
[32]郝春强,C#基础与实例教程[M].北京.中国电力出版社,2005:235-246.
[33]张军,代伟民,李文清.地震勘探仪器的现状及趋势分析[J].小型油气藏, 2005,10(2):64-68.
[2] [美]R.E.谢里夫,[加]L.P.吉尔达特编,初英等译,勘探地震学,石油工业出版社, 1999年第2版:p 1-35;301-343.
[3]王文良,I/O SysetmFour全数字遥测地震仪的性能、特点及与以往地震仪器的对比[J].物探装备,2005.4
[4]王文良,地震勘探仪器的发展、时代划分及其技术特征[]J.石油仪器,2004()l
[5]孙传友等,地震勘探仪器原理,石油大学出版社,1996年第1版:p 10-25.
[6]孙传友,遥测地震仪原理,石油工业出版社,1992年第1版:p 5-30.
[7]王文良,世界地震勘探仪器装备技术发展综述[J].物探装备,2002.12(1)
[8]范宝德,刘惊雷,王培进。基于内存设备环境的图形快速显示技术[ J ].计算机系统应用, 2002, 10,61.
[9]韩传武,用MFC编程实现较大视图的打印预览[ J ].微计算机应用, 1999, 20 (3) : 153.
[10]殷泰晖,张强,杨豹,C#编程从基础到实践[M],北京:电子工业出版社, 2007:98-106.
[11]孙传友,胡官阳.遥测地震仪无线传输技术,石油仪器,1997,11(3):3-6.
[12]韩晓泉等,可存储采集站的设计,石油仪器,2000,14(2):p 1-3.
[13]曾庆有等,遥测地震仪发展水平综述,石油仪器,1997,11(5):p 10-15.
[14]夏祥瑞,当今物探仪器的发展趋势[J].物探装备,2000.2
[15]夏祥瑞,从2003物探装备研讨会看物探装备发展趋势[J].物探装备,2003.3
[16]马朋善,王向阳,黄照文.高分辨率三维地震资料采集仪器及采集技术[J].物探装备,2001.x2(4)
[17]易碧金.地震仪器中应用的数据传输技术[J].物探装备,2008,18(6): 354-360.
[18]李明,康静秋.嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的研究与开发.计算机工程与应用.2002,第16期:118一121
[19]路海,李丽清.一种Mbuf简化实现的方法.计算机工程与应用.2004,第6期:147
[20]王立宁,乐光新,詹菲.MATLAB与通信仿真[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2000
[21]刘怀,胡继峰.一种应用于控制网络的新的媒体访问控制协议—Token-CSMA/CD混合协议[J].测控技术,2001,20(6):5-10.
[22]陈志胜等,一种控制应用的以太网改进协议,计算机工程与应用,2005
[23]姬小兵,尚应军,张帆.山地地震勘探数据采集技术研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(6):31-34.
[24]Jiming Chen,Zhi Wang,Youxian Sun,Real-time capacity analysis of ethernet in industrial application,Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Intelligent Control andAutomation,2002.06.Vol.3.2227-2230.
[26]黄嘉辉,Visual Basic.NET网络程序设-TCP/IP与Internet Programmiing[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2003:254-266,441-458.
[27]阎世信.山地地球物理勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.
[28]孙新,刘益成.无线遥测地震仪的传输方式[J].石油仪器,1996,10(4):3-7.
[29]S.Vitturi.On the use of Ethernet at lowlevel of factory communieation systems.Computer Standards and Interfaces,2001,Vol.23(4),P267-277
[30]陆雪莹,蒋慧译.TCP/IP详解卷2:实现[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2000.1-47
[31]KyungChangLee ,SukLe.Performanee evaluation of switehed Ethemet for real-time industrial communieations.ComPuterStandards&Intedfaces,2002, P4ll-423
[32]郝春强,C#基础与实例教程[M].北京.中国电力出版社,2005:235-246.
[33]张军,代伟民,李文清.地震勘探仪器的现状及趋势分析[J].小型油气藏, 2005,10(2):64-68.