基于不同地形和城镇条件下对公路选线相关指标的研究
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摘要
公路设计是一个庞大的系统工程，而公路选线是这个系统工程中最重要的环节，其基本走向的合理性不仅关系到公路本身的工程造价和运营效益，同时也关系到国家公路网的规划和其在国防中的战略意义。选线除受到自然条件的影响外，尚受诸多社会因素的制约，它是一项技术性、综合性、政策性很强的工作，因此公路选线要综合考虑多种因素。
传统的公路选线方案的比选都以工程投资和工程量为主要权衡指标，通过简单的数据对比来判断方案的优劣，而本文提出了从经济、技术、环境以及社会等各个方面的综合评价，并提出了综合评价模型，将影响决策的因素有机的联系起来，通过定性、定量的分析来确定方案的优劣度，最终筛选出最优方案。
针对公路选线各个影响因素的特点，本文建立了公路选线模糊优化理论模型。通过问题转化，将公路选线方案决策视为数学上的方案排优问题。建立了由指标特征值转化为相对隶属度的指标隶属度模型，使用Fuzzy AHP法确定了各指标的权重，并且利用该模糊优化模型对郴州市X090公路线路方案的优选进行了实例分析，结果表明该模型具有实用性、灵活性和科学性，值得进一步研究和推广。
Highway design is a huge Systems Engineering，And Highway’s line planning isthe most important aspects of system engineering, The basic direction of line is notonly related to the road project cost and operational effectiveness, but also related tothe national road network planning and strategic significance in the defense. Lineplanning in addition to the impact by the natural conditions, is still affected by manysocial factors, it is the work of the highly technical, comprehensive, policy, so，Thehighway line planning should consider various factors.
The traditional Highway’s line planning comparison is much depend on Projectinvestment and engineering capacity as the trade-off indicators, By a simplecomparison of the data to determine the pros and cons of the program, This paperpresents a comprehensive evaluation of all aspects of economic, technological,environmental and social, and made a comprehensive evaluation model, which willaffect the decision-making factors of organic linked, through qualitative andquantitative analysis to determine the degree of the pros and cons of theprogram,eventually filter out the optimal solution.
In order to deal with the characteristics of various factors of the line planning,This article established fuzzy optimization theory model. So the Problem istransformed, the line planning Decision exclusive advantages and problems as amathematical program. The establishment of the indicator characteristic value ofconversion for the relative membership degree indicators under the Model of Fuzzy ofAHP method to determine the weight of each index, and the use of the fuzzyoptimization model of Chenzhou City, X090 road line program preferred illustrativeexample, results show that the model is practical, flexible, and scientific, which isworthy of further research and extension.
传统的公路选线方案的比选都以工程投资和工程量为主要权衡指标，通过简单的数据对比来判断方案的优劣，而本文提出了从经济、技术、环境以及社会等各个方面的综合评价，并提出了综合评价模型，将影响决策的因素有机的联系起来，通过定性、定量的分析来确定方案的优劣度，最终筛选出最优方案。
针对公路选线各个影响因素的特点，本文建立了公路选线模糊优化理论模型。通过问题转化，将公路选线方案决策视为数学上的方案排优问题。建立了由指标特征值转化为相对隶属度的指标隶属度模型，使用Fuzzy AHP法确定了各指标的权重，并且利用该模糊优化模型对郴州市X090公路线路方案的优选进行了实例分析，结果表明该模型具有实用性、灵活性和科学性，值得进一步研究和推广。
Highway design is a huge Systems Engineering，And Highway’s line planning isthe most important aspects of system engineering, The basic direction of line is notonly related to the road project cost and operational effectiveness, but also related tothe national road network planning and strategic significance in the defense. Lineplanning in addition to the impact by the natural conditions, is still affected by manysocial factors, it is the work of the highly technical, comprehensive, policy, so，Thehighway line planning should consider various factors.
The traditional Highway’s line planning comparison is much depend on Projectinvestment and engineering capacity as the trade-off indicators, By a simplecomparison of the data to determine the pros and cons of the program, This paperpresents a comprehensive evaluation of all aspects of economic, technological,environmental and social, and made a comprehensive evaluation model, which willaffect the decision-making factors of organic linked, through qualitative andquantitative analysis to determine the degree of the pros and cons of theprogram,eventually filter out the optimal solution.
In order to deal with the characteristics of various factors of the line planning,This article established fuzzy optimization theory model. So the Problem istransformed, the line planning Decision exclusive advantages and problems as amathematical program. The establishment of the indicator characteristic value ofconversion for the relative membership degree indicators under the Model of Fuzzy ofAHP method to determine the weight of each index, and the use of the fuzzyoptimization model of Chenzhou City, X090 road line program preferred illustrativeexample, results show that the model is practical, flexible, and scientific, which isworthy of further research and extension.
引文
[1]李清波,符锌砂.道路规划与设计.北京：人民交通出版社，2002,232-251.
[2]高建华,王玮.公路线形设计.郑州：黄河水利出版社,2005,103-132.
[3]张忠民.高速公路路线方案比选论证方法应用[J],北方交通,2006,1-4.
[4]殷峻暹,陈守煜.基于相关性分析的多目标模糊优选模型及应用[J].水电能源科学. 2004.
[5]]左军.多目标决策分析「M].杭州:浙江大学出版社，1991: 24-60.
[6]王尚友.多目标决策理论方法与应用[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990:67-110
[7]王培光,等.AHP法中判断矩阵的一种构造方法团.系统工程理论与实践,1998.8: 94-121
[8]李红阳,王若檀.公路选线设计方法研究[J].工程建设与设计. 2012(02).
[9]黄先刚,张永红.高速公路路线方案比选思路探讨[J].交通标准化. 2012(03).
[10]尤冬梅.公路选线辅助决策模型的研究与应用[D].长沙理工大学2007.
[11]吴华金.高原山区高速公路勘察设计理念与路线方案选择方法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2004
[12]吴勇,刘喜耀.基于新理念的公路工程路线选线设计研究[J].科技资讯.2011(02)
[13]王恒.公路路线方案合理性研究[D].西安:长安大学，2006.
[14]李大,肖泽林.高等级公路的实地定线[J].公路与汽运，2002(6).
[15]徐玖平,李军.多目标决策的理论与方法[M].清华大学出版社，2005.
[16] Chen shouyu Fuzzy Recognition Theoretical Model[J].The Journal of FuzzyMathematics.1991(1)
[17]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院,公路路线设计规范JTG D20-2006.北京：人民交通出版社，2006(09).
[18]李远富,等.铁路选线设计方案多目标决策模糊优选模型及其应用研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2000(5):32-37.
[19]李容钧.模糊多准则决策理论与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2002(2):32-67
[20]刘志军，等.公路选线设计方案多目标决策模糊优选模型[J].重庆交通学院学报.2003(2):50-53
[21]王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].中国人民大学出版社,1990.
[22] Mon D L,Cheng C H,Lin J C.Evaluaing weapon system by analytical hierarchyprocess based on entropy weight [J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1994(62):127-134
[23]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用[M].华南理工大学出版社,2003.
[24] Papa G.M,Blosseville J.M,Hadj-Salem H.Modeling and real-time control oftraffic Flow on the southern part of Bouleward Peripherque in Paris[J].Transportation research,1990,24A(5):345-359
[25]罗党.灰色决策问题分析方法[M],黄河水利出版社,2005.
[26]邓聚龙.灰色系统基本方法[M],华中科技大学出版社,2004.
[27] Sherwood B,Burton J,Cutler D.Wildlife and roads:The ecological impact[M].Imperial College Press,2002
[2]高建华,王玮.公路线形设计.郑州：黄河水利出版社,2005,103-132.
[3]张忠民.高速公路路线方案比选论证方法应用[J],北方交通,2006,1-4.
[4]殷峻暹,陈守煜.基于相关性分析的多目标模糊优选模型及应用[J].水电能源科学. 2004.
[5]]左军.多目标决策分析「M].杭州:浙江大学出版社，1991: 24-60.
[6]王尚友.多目标决策理论方法与应用[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1990:67-110
[7]王培光,等.AHP法中判断矩阵的一种构造方法团.系统工程理论与实践,1998.8: 94-121
[8]李红阳,王若檀.公路选线设计方法研究[J].工程建设与设计. 2012(02).
[9]黄先刚,张永红.高速公路路线方案比选思路探讨[J].交通标准化. 2012(03).
[10]尤冬梅.公路选线辅助决策模型的研究与应用[D].长沙理工大学2007.
[11]吴华金.高原山区高速公路勘察设计理念与路线方案选择方法研究[D].西安:长安大学,2004
[12]吴勇,刘喜耀.基于新理念的公路工程路线选线设计研究[J].科技资讯.2011(02)
[13]王恒.公路路线方案合理性研究[D].西安:长安大学，2006.
[14]李大,肖泽林.高等级公路的实地定线[J].公路与汽运，2002(6).
[15]徐玖平,李军.多目标决策的理论与方法[M].清华大学出版社，2005.
[16] Chen shouyu Fuzzy Recognition Theoretical Model[J].The Journal of FuzzyMathematics.1991(1)
[17]中交第一公路勘察设计研究院,公路路线设计规范JTG D20-2006.北京：人民交通出版社，2006(09).
[18]李远富,等.铁路选线设计方案多目标决策模糊优选模型及其应用研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2000(5):32-37.
[19]李容钧.模糊多准则决策理论与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2002(2):32-67
[20]刘志军，等.公路选线设计方案多目标决策模糊优选模型[J].重庆交通学院学报.2003(2):50-53
[21]王莲芬,许树柏.层次分析法引论[M].中国人民大学出版社,1990.
[22] Mon D L,Cheng C H,Lin J C.Evaluaing weapon system by analytical hierarchyprocess based on entropy weight [J].Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1994(62):127-134
[23]杨纶标,高英仪.模糊数学原理及应用[M].华南理工大学出版社,2003.
[24] Papa G.M,Blosseville J.M,Hadj-Salem H.Modeling and real-time control oftraffic Flow on the southern part of Bouleward Peripherque in Paris[J].Transportation research,1990,24A(5):345-359
[25]罗党.灰色决策问题分析方法[M],黄河水利出版社,2005.
[26]邓聚龙.灰色系统基本方法[M],华中科技大学出版社,2004.
[27] Sherwood B,Burton J,Cutler D.Wildlife and roads:The ecological impact[M].Imperial College Press,2002
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