济阳坳陷古近系层序地层及其成因机制研究
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摘要
本文在综合利用地震、声波时差测井、地层倾角测井、电阻率测井、岩心、地球化学等方法进行层序地层界面识别的基础上，将济阳坳陷古近系划分出1个一级层序，3个二级层序，其中沙三段-东营组分出6个三级层序。结合古地磁和石英ESR测年分析，一级层序持续时间约40Ma，二级层序持续时间约10-15Ma，三级层序持续时间约1-5Ma，一个准层序持续时间约13-200kyr。
湖缘峡谷是分布于湖盆周缘的一种特殊的沉积体系，是层序演化过程中特殊时期的产物，峡谷的底界面为层序界面，且峡谷内沉积地层可形成多种非构造型油气藏。
通过建立湖盆沉积作用的基本方程，指出气候变化、构造抬升、差异沉降等是引起强制湖退作用的动力因素，也层序界面形成的动力机制，层序界面位于强制湖退沉积体的顶界面。
相对湖平面变化的特征控制了断陷湖盆中层序的结构。按照层序演化旋回中湖平面变化特征，三级层序可分出四分层序、三分层序和二分层序。其中四分层序由低位域、湖侵域、高位域和下降域组成，湖平面呈正弦曲线式变化；三分层序由低位域、湖侵域和高位域组成，湖平面变化缺少快速下降阶段，强制湖退现象不发育；二分层序由湖进域和湖退域组成，湖平面变化仅经历了快速上升和快速下降两个阶段。
层序顶、底界面的成因类型控制了层序的结构。断陷湖盆中层序界面按成因机制可分为构造型(T型)和构造气候综合型(TC型)，T型界面一般对应于三级层序界面，TC型界面一般对应于二级或一级层序界面。界面的成因类型也控制了砂体和油气富集规律，TC型界面附近砂体发育，砂体成藏率低；T型界面附近砂体发育程度低，但成藏率高。
Based on the identification of the sequence boundry with the comprehensive analyses of the seismic, well logging and well drilling data, the palaeogene in Jiyang depression can be divided into one lst-order and three 2nd-order sequences, of which six 3rd-order sequences can be subdivided from the third stage of Shahejie formation to Dongying formation. Combined with the analysis of the archaeomagnetic age and the ESR age, this paper has built the relationship between the sequence stratigraphic framework and the age. A 3rd-order sequence usually lasts from IMa to 4Ma, while a para-sequence is from 1.3 ten thousand years to 20 ten thousand years.
The lake-margin canyon formed around the lake margin and in the special period of a sequence is a special sedimentary system. Its bottom surface usually corresponds to the sequence boundary.
Based on the analysis of the lake basic equation on the sedimentation, this paper has listed climate changing, tectonic uplift, differential settling movement etc. as its dynamic factors that leads to the forced lake regression. Meanwhile, it has explicated the forming meachnism of the sequence boundary in rift basin and stressed the sequence boundary is located on the top surface of the forced lake regressional sedimentary body.
The sequence structure is controlled by the relative lake level change. According to the characteristics of the lake level change in a sequence, a 3rd-order sequence can be divided into binary sequence, threefold sequence and quartering sequence. The relative lake level change cycle of the quartering sequence, which includes four systems tracts, is a sine cruve. The threefold sequence absent the quickly falling stage is composed of three systems tracts. The binary sequence composed of two
systems tracts only develops the quickly rising stage and the quickly falling stage.
The genetic types of top and bottom boundary can control the sequence structure. The forming of sequence boundaries, which can be divided into two types according to the genetic mechanism: tectonic controlling boundary (type T) and tectonic-climate synthetical controlling boundary (type TC) in Jiyang depression, is controlled by climate and tectonic movement. The type T boundary generally corresponds to the 3rd-order SB and the type TC boundary to the lst-order or 2nd-order SB. The genetic types of SB can also control the distribution rule of the sandbody and hydrocarbonate. The sandbody nearby the type TC boundary develops well, while it has less probability of forming reservoirs in them. On the contrary, the sandbody nearby the type T boundary doesn't develop, but it has great probability of forming reservoirs.
湖缘峡谷是分布于湖盆周缘的一种特殊的沉积体系，是层序演化过程中特殊时期的产物，峡谷的底界面为层序界面，且峡谷内沉积地层可形成多种非构造型油气藏。
通过建立湖盆沉积作用的基本方程，指出气候变化、构造抬升、差异沉降等是引起强制湖退作用的动力因素，也层序界面形成的动力机制，层序界面位于强制湖退沉积体的顶界面。
相对湖平面变化的特征控制了断陷湖盆中层序的结构。按照层序演化旋回中湖平面变化特征，三级层序可分出四分层序、三分层序和二分层序。其中四分层序由低位域、湖侵域、高位域和下降域组成，湖平面呈正弦曲线式变化；三分层序由低位域、湖侵域和高位域组成，湖平面变化缺少快速下降阶段，强制湖退现象不发育；二分层序由湖进域和湖退域组成，湖平面变化仅经历了快速上升和快速下降两个阶段。
层序顶、底界面的成因类型控制了层序的结构。断陷湖盆中层序界面按成因机制可分为构造型(T型)和构造气候综合型(TC型)，T型界面一般对应于三级层序界面，TC型界面一般对应于二级或一级层序界面。界面的成因类型也控制了砂体和油气富集规律，TC型界面附近砂体发育，砂体成藏率低；T型界面附近砂体发育程度低，但成藏率高。
Based on the identification of the sequence boundry with the comprehensive analyses of the seismic, well logging and well drilling data, the palaeogene in Jiyang depression can be divided into one lst-order and three 2nd-order sequences, of which six 3rd-order sequences can be subdivided from the third stage of Shahejie formation to Dongying formation. Combined with the analysis of the archaeomagnetic age and the ESR age, this paper has built the relationship between the sequence stratigraphic framework and the age. A 3rd-order sequence usually lasts from IMa to 4Ma, while a para-sequence is from 1.3 ten thousand years to 20 ten thousand years.
The lake-margin canyon formed around the lake margin and in the special period of a sequence is a special sedimentary system. Its bottom surface usually corresponds to the sequence boundary.
Based on the analysis of the lake basic equation on the sedimentation, this paper has listed climate changing, tectonic uplift, differential settling movement etc. as its dynamic factors that leads to the forced lake regression. Meanwhile, it has explicated the forming meachnism of the sequence boundary in rift basin and stressed the sequence boundary is located on the top surface of the forced lake regressional sedimentary body.
The sequence structure is controlled by the relative lake level change. According to the characteristics of the lake level change in a sequence, a 3rd-order sequence can be divided into binary sequence, threefold sequence and quartering sequence. The relative lake level change cycle of the quartering sequence, which includes four systems tracts, is a sine cruve. The threefold sequence absent the quickly falling stage is composed of three systems tracts. The binary sequence composed of two
systems tracts only develops the quickly rising stage and the quickly falling stage.
The genetic types of top and bottom boundary can control the sequence structure. The forming of sequence boundaries, which can be divided into two types according to the genetic mechanism: tectonic controlling boundary (type T) and tectonic-climate synthetical controlling boundary (type TC) in Jiyang depression, is controlled by climate and tectonic movement. The type T boundary generally corresponds to the 3rd-order SB and the type TC boundary to the lst-order or 2nd-order SB. The genetic types of SB can also control the distribution rule of the sandbody and hydrocarbonate. The sandbody nearby the type TC boundary develops well, while it has less probability of forming reservoirs in them. On the contrary, the sandbody nearby the type T boundary doesn't develop, but it has great probability of forming reservoirs.
引文
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