苏里格地区盒8段低渗储层特征及其成因
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摘要
论文应用现代沉积学、储层地质学和地球化学等理论,对苏里格地区上古生界盒8储层成岩作用及微观孔隙结构特征进行研究,探讨沉积环境、成岩作用等因素对储层发育和储集性能的控制,力图在低孔低渗储层背景下寻找上古生界高效储层,取得以下成果:
1、通过进行沉积相和层序地层研究,得出苏里格地区盒8段优质储层主要发育在水上辫状河道和水下分流河道微相中,并且砂体在平面的展布和垂向上的演化受沉积相和基准面旋回的双重控制。
2、通过储层特征研究表明盒8储层为一套距物源较近的辫状河三角洲沉积,储层以低成熟度、低结构成熟度为其显著特征,表现为岩屑含量高、颗粒分选中等-差、颗粒棱角状等结构特征。岩石胶结物主要为自生粘土矿物和硅质胶结,局部地区有铁方解石、凝灰质和绿泥石膜等胶结物。
3、研究区储层经历的成岩作用主要有压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用等,其成岩演化史经过三个阶段,目前处于中成岩B阶段。根据碎屑成分、成岩矿物组合、填隙物成分、成岩作用类型及孔隙演化等特征可以划分为4种成岩相和3种成岩相组合。并且通过自然伽玛、声波时差、密度及深浅侧向测井与成岩相的对应关系,建立相应的定量化测井识别模式。
4、研究区盒8低孔低渗砂岩储层的形成既与沉积作用有关,也与成岩作用密切相关,其中成岩作用是盒8低渗透储层形成的主导因素。通过定量计算成岩作用强度参数,详细分析了成岩作用的定量特征及其对孔隙减小的效应,表明强压实和胶结作用是低孔低渗的关键因素,正是由于溶蚀作用在致密储层中出现相对高孔高渗区。
5、对区内重点单井进行了储层综合评价,根据储层成因类型、成岩作用和储层物性等特征,将苏里格盒8储层划分为I,II,III类,并预测优质储层分布规律。苏里格盒8储层孔隙类型以次生溶孔为主,成岩作用研究表明溶蚀作用的发生与烃类注入有关,因此有利储层主要分布在毗邻生油凹陷或是油气运移指向与有利沉积相配合地区,即辫状河三角洲平原分流河道和辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道。
Under the guidance of the theories and technologies of Sedimentology, Reservoir Geology and Geochemistry, researches are carried out on several aspects such as diagenesis and micro-pore structure of He 8 Section reservoir in Sulige region. And then the controlling effects of sedimentary environment and diagenesis on reservoir distribution and reservoir physical property are explored. Based on the above researches, the rules of good reservoir distribution are settled up. The obtained main conclusions and views are as followed:
1. According to the researches on sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy, the good reservoir distributes in favorable sedimentary microfacies such as braided channel and subaquatic braided channel. The combination factors of sedimentary facies and basal level cycles control the horizontal distribution and vertical evolution of the sandstone.
2. The reservoir characteristics of He 8 Section in Sulige region suggest that its sedimentary facies is braided delta, which is near the sediment source. The reservoir lithology characteristics show low texture maturity and low compositional maturity, appearing as high debris content, middle-low particle classification, and angular particles. The cement types mainly are authigenic clay mineral and siliceous cement, sometimes ferrocalcite and tuffaceous cement and chlorite.
3. The diagenesis types are compaction, cementation and denudation, with diagenesis history divided into three phases, and the diagenesis reaches middle diagenesis phase B period. According to clastic constituents, diagenesis mineral, interstitial matter and diagenesis type and pore evolution characteristics, He 8 Section of Sulige Region are divided into four diagenetic facies types and three types of diagenetic facies combination. With the analysis of the relationship between diagenetic facies and electrofacies, logging curves favorable for identifying diagenetic facies are summarized, which are SP, AC, DEN,combination of RLLS and RLLD. And their quantitative logging curves models are settled up.
4. Both the sedimentation and diagenesis contribute to the forming of good reservoir, whereas diagenesis is the leading factor. Through the quantitative assessment of diagenetic intensity, the impacts of diagenesis on the reservoir physical property are analyzed thoroughly, reaching the result that intense compaction and cementation are the critical factors for low porosity and permeability, whereas denudation improves the physical property greatly.
5. Based on the comprehensive reservoir evaluation of priority wells, in combination with the analysis of reservoir type, diagenesis and reservoir physical property, the He 8 reservoirs are divided into three types, that is type I, type II and type III. With the knowledge that the reservoir pore type mainly is secondary pore and its forming has close relationship with hydrocarbon injection, we draw the conclusion that the good reservoirs distribute in the favorable sedimentary facies, where is adjoined to oil source depression or is on the route of oil migration, such as braided channel and subaquatic braided channel.
1、通过进行沉积相和层序地层研究,得出苏里格地区盒8段优质储层主要发育在水上辫状河道和水下分流河道微相中,并且砂体在平面的展布和垂向上的演化受沉积相和基准面旋回的双重控制。
2、通过储层特征研究表明盒8储层为一套距物源较近的辫状河三角洲沉积,储层以低成熟度、低结构成熟度为其显著特征,表现为岩屑含量高、颗粒分选中等-差、颗粒棱角状等结构特征。岩石胶结物主要为自生粘土矿物和硅质胶结,局部地区有铁方解石、凝灰质和绿泥石膜等胶结物。
3、研究区储层经历的成岩作用主要有压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用等,其成岩演化史经过三个阶段,目前处于中成岩B阶段。根据碎屑成分、成岩矿物组合、填隙物成分、成岩作用类型及孔隙演化等特征可以划分为4种成岩相和3种成岩相组合。并且通过自然伽玛、声波时差、密度及深浅侧向测井与成岩相的对应关系,建立相应的定量化测井识别模式。
4、研究区盒8低孔低渗砂岩储层的形成既与沉积作用有关,也与成岩作用密切相关,其中成岩作用是盒8低渗透储层形成的主导因素。通过定量计算成岩作用强度参数,详细分析了成岩作用的定量特征及其对孔隙减小的效应,表明强压实和胶结作用是低孔低渗的关键因素,正是由于溶蚀作用在致密储层中出现相对高孔高渗区。
5、对区内重点单井进行了储层综合评价,根据储层成因类型、成岩作用和储层物性等特征,将苏里格盒8储层划分为I,II,III类,并预测优质储层分布规律。苏里格盒8储层孔隙类型以次生溶孔为主,成岩作用研究表明溶蚀作用的发生与烃类注入有关,因此有利储层主要分布在毗邻生油凹陷或是油气运移指向与有利沉积相配合地区,即辫状河三角洲平原分流河道和辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道。
Under the guidance of the theories and technologies of Sedimentology, Reservoir Geology and Geochemistry, researches are carried out on several aspects such as diagenesis and micro-pore structure of He 8 Section reservoir in Sulige region. And then the controlling effects of sedimentary environment and diagenesis on reservoir distribution and reservoir physical property are explored. Based on the above researches, the rules of good reservoir distribution are settled up. The obtained main conclusions and views are as followed:
1. According to the researches on sedimentary facies and sequence stratigraphy, the good reservoir distributes in favorable sedimentary microfacies such as braided channel and subaquatic braided channel. The combination factors of sedimentary facies and basal level cycles control the horizontal distribution and vertical evolution of the sandstone.
2. The reservoir characteristics of He 8 Section in Sulige region suggest that its sedimentary facies is braided delta, which is near the sediment source. The reservoir lithology characteristics show low texture maturity and low compositional maturity, appearing as high debris content, middle-low particle classification, and angular particles. The cement types mainly are authigenic clay mineral and siliceous cement, sometimes ferrocalcite and tuffaceous cement and chlorite.
3. The diagenesis types are compaction, cementation and denudation, with diagenesis history divided into three phases, and the diagenesis reaches middle diagenesis phase B period. According to clastic constituents, diagenesis mineral, interstitial matter and diagenesis type and pore evolution characteristics, He 8 Section of Sulige Region are divided into four diagenetic facies types and three types of diagenetic facies combination. With the analysis of the relationship between diagenetic facies and electrofacies, logging curves favorable for identifying diagenetic facies are summarized, which are SP, AC, DEN,combination of RLLS and RLLD. And their quantitative logging curves models are settled up.
4. Both the sedimentation and diagenesis contribute to the forming of good reservoir, whereas diagenesis is the leading factor. Through the quantitative assessment of diagenetic intensity, the impacts of diagenesis on the reservoir physical property are analyzed thoroughly, reaching the result that intense compaction and cementation are the critical factors for low porosity and permeability, whereas denudation improves the physical property greatly.
5. Based on the comprehensive reservoir evaluation of priority wells, in combination with the analysis of reservoir type, diagenesis and reservoir physical property, the He 8 reservoirs are divided into three types, that is type I, type II and type III. With the knowledge that the reservoir pore type mainly is secondary pore and its forming has close relationship with hydrocarbon injection, we draw the conclusion that the good reservoirs distribute in the favorable sedimentary facies, where is adjoined to oil source depression or is on the route of oil migration, such as braided channel and subaquatic braided channel.
引文
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