鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界储层岩石学特征与成岩作用研究
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摘要
论文在详细观察描述岩心的基础上,利用普通薄片、铸体薄片鉴定、粒度分析、阴极发光、扫描电镜、毛管压力等多种分析测试技术,结合测、录井资料及前人研究成果,对鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界砂岩储层的物源、沉积相展布、岩石学特征、孔隙结构特征及成岩作用进行了系统的研究,取得了以下认识：
鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界碎屑岩物源主要来自北部的阴山-阿拉善古陆。从晚石炭世本溪期到早二叠世山西期,物源方向都较为相同,体现出较好的继承性。研究区在晚石炭世本溪期主要发育障壁海岸型沉积；早二叠世山西期主要发育三角洲前缘相沉积,其中山2段南部的局部地区发育障壁砂坝沉积。
研究区本溪组砂岩储层以石英砂岩为主,其次为岩屑砂岩和岩屑质石英砂岩；山西组以岩屑质石英砂岩为主,其次为石英砂岩和岩屑砂岩。砂岩砾径变化较大,磨圆以次棱角-次圆为主,颗粒支撑,胶结方式以孔隙式胶结为主。填隙物组分总体含量不是很高,但变化范围较大,其中山西组砂岩填隙物中胶结物含量与杂基含量大体相当,本溪组胶结物含量明显大于杂基含量。砂岩储层的孔隙类型主要有残余粒间孔、粒间溶孔格架颗粒内溶孔、微孔隙、微裂缝等。
研究区主要的成岩作用类型有机械压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用、交代作用、溶解作用及破裂作用。本溪组砂岩成岩阶段属于中成岩A-B期,局部达到晚成岩阶段；山西组砂岩的成岩作用已普遍进入中成岩B期,局部进入晚成岩阶段。其中压实作用、胶结作用是破坏储集层孔隙度、降低渗透率的主要因素,而溶蚀作用的发育则保存了原生粒间孔隙并且产生次生溶蚀孔隙,对储集层物性有一定的改善作用。
Based on detailedly observing and describing the core of the Upper Paleozoic in Eastern Ordos Basin, this thesis do the systemic research of provenance、the distribution of sedimentary facies、lithology characteristics. pore structures characteristics and diagenesis style to sandstone reservoirs of the Upper Paleozoic in Eastern Ordos Basin, Combined with various analytical and measurement methods including identification and quantitative statistics of normal thin sections and casting thin sections under microscope, grain size analysis, cathodeluminescence, electron scan microscope (ESM), capillary pressure, well log and existing research data. There are some results as below:
The sediments of oddment rock in this area originating from Yinshan-Alashan old land which lie to the northern part of Ordos Basin in the period of the Upper Paleozoic. The same direction of provenance reflects the good succession since Benxi stage to Shanxi stage. Based on the source direction, depositional characteristics and studying in the fields, barrier coast facies is identified in Benxi stage; delta front is identified in Shanxi stage, thereinto barrier island is identified in part of the south in Shan2 stage.
It was shown that the sandstone of Benxi formation is mainly quartz sandstone, followed by clastic sandstone and detrital silicarenite; the sandstone of Shanxi formation is mainly detrital silicarenite, followed by quartz sandstone and clastic sandstone. The particle size is variety, the psephicity is mainly hypo-angularity to hypo-roundness. Particles supported, porosity typed cementation。The content of interstitial material is low-rise in the mass but changing broadly, while the amount of cements observed is same as matrix in Shanxi formation, but more in Benxi formation。It was also shown that the main types of pores are remnant intergranular pores, intergranular dissolved pores, framework grain dissolved pores and micro-pore and micro-fractures.
The diagenesis types in study area mainly include mechanical compaction, pressure solution, cementation、dissolution and rupture. The sandstones of Benxi formation are in the A-B stage of middle diagenesis while part of them are in the late diagenesis; The sandstone of Shanxi formation are in the B stage of middle diagenesis generally while part of them are in the late diagenesis. The compaction and cementation are the main reasons of destroying the porosity and permeability, while the dissolution protects the protoplast intergranular pores and produces secondary solution pores, It plays some good effects for the physical property of reservoir.
鄂尔多斯盆地东部上古生界碎屑岩物源主要来自北部的阴山-阿拉善古陆。从晚石炭世本溪期到早二叠世山西期,物源方向都较为相同,体现出较好的继承性。研究区在晚石炭世本溪期主要发育障壁海岸型沉积；早二叠世山西期主要发育三角洲前缘相沉积,其中山2段南部的局部地区发育障壁砂坝沉积。
研究区本溪组砂岩储层以石英砂岩为主,其次为岩屑砂岩和岩屑质石英砂岩；山西组以岩屑质石英砂岩为主,其次为石英砂岩和岩屑砂岩。砂岩砾径变化较大,磨圆以次棱角-次圆为主,颗粒支撑,胶结方式以孔隙式胶结为主。填隙物组分总体含量不是很高,但变化范围较大,其中山西组砂岩填隙物中胶结物含量与杂基含量大体相当,本溪组胶结物含量明显大于杂基含量。砂岩储层的孔隙类型主要有残余粒间孔、粒间溶孔格架颗粒内溶孔、微孔隙、微裂缝等。
研究区主要的成岩作用类型有机械压实作用、压溶作用、胶结作用、交代作用、溶解作用及破裂作用。本溪组砂岩成岩阶段属于中成岩A-B期,局部达到晚成岩阶段；山西组砂岩的成岩作用已普遍进入中成岩B期,局部进入晚成岩阶段。其中压实作用、胶结作用是破坏储集层孔隙度、降低渗透率的主要因素,而溶蚀作用的发育则保存了原生粒间孔隙并且产生次生溶蚀孔隙,对储集层物性有一定的改善作用。
Based on detailedly observing and describing the core of the Upper Paleozoic in Eastern Ordos Basin, this thesis do the systemic research of provenance、the distribution of sedimentary facies、lithology characteristics. pore structures characteristics and diagenesis style to sandstone reservoirs of the Upper Paleozoic in Eastern Ordos Basin, Combined with various analytical and measurement methods including identification and quantitative statistics of normal thin sections and casting thin sections under microscope, grain size analysis, cathodeluminescence, electron scan microscope (ESM), capillary pressure, well log and existing research data. There are some results as below:
The sediments of oddment rock in this area originating from Yinshan-Alashan old land which lie to the northern part of Ordos Basin in the period of the Upper Paleozoic. The same direction of provenance reflects the good succession since Benxi stage to Shanxi stage. Based on the source direction, depositional characteristics and studying in the fields, barrier coast facies is identified in Benxi stage; delta front is identified in Shanxi stage, thereinto barrier island is identified in part of the south in Shan2 stage.
It was shown that the sandstone of Benxi formation is mainly quartz sandstone, followed by clastic sandstone and detrital silicarenite; the sandstone of Shanxi formation is mainly detrital silicarenite, followed by quartz sandstone and clastic sandstone. The particle size is variety, the psephicity is mainly hypo-angularity to hypo-roundness. Particles supported, porosity typed cementation。The content of interstitial material is low-rise in the mass but changing broadly, while the amount of cements observed is same as matrix in Shanxi formation, but more in Benxi formation。It was also shown that the main types of pores are remnant intergranular pores, intergranular dissolved pores, framework grain dissolved pores and micro-pore and micro-fractures.
The diagenesis types in study area mainly include mechanical compaction, pressure solution, cementation、dissolution and rupture. The sandstones of Benxi formation are in the A-B stage of middle diagenesis while part of them are in the late diagenesis; The sandstone of Shanxi formation are in the B stage of middle diagenesis generally while part of them are in the late diagenesis. The compaction and cementation are the main reasons of destroying the porosity and permeability, while the dissolution protects the protoplast intergranular pores and produces secondary solution pores, It plays some good effects for the physical property of reservoir.
引文
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