基于SEB组合框架的导弹体系对抗仿真方法研究
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摘要
信息化战争条件下,武器装备采办和论证工作日益突出,而作战效能评估是武器装备论证的一个核心问题。不同的职能部门,如军方总体论证研究所和工业方总体设计部门,对于作战效能评估的研究目的不尽相同,要求武器系统作战效能评估能够充分反映各种作战运用方案和总体设计方案对于作战效能的影响,并通过探索得到最优的设计方案。武器系统作战效能评估具有的复杂性和不确定性特点,使得仅仅依靠传统的解析方法或专家评估方法,已经很难有效解决,基于仿真的作战效能评估是解决这一问题的有效方法。然而,随着武器装备复杂性和体系对抗过程复杂性的不断增长,必须采用体系对抗仿真方法解决武器系统的作战效能评估问题。
体系对抗仿真同样需要应对作战效能评估具有的复杂性和不确定性问题,而解决上述问题必须从体系对抗仿真的基本环节即建模和实验两个方面入手。其中,体系对抗仿真模型描述是基础,需要能够灵活描述抽象的战场对抗体系,反映各种复杂和不确定的影响关系;体系对抗仿真实验是手段,需要科学地设计仿真实验,有效地探索复杂和不确定的体系对抗实验空间,得到高可信度的分析结论。
论文以导弹体系对抗仿真为应用背景,重点研究体系对抗仿真中的建模和实验问题,具体研究内容包括:
(1)面向导弹体系对抗仿真应用,分析体系对抗仿真模型描述中存在的主要问题,提出体系-实体-行为的分层次组合描述方法,作为体系对抗仿真的建模方法,即SEB组合建模方法,并给出其参考模型和各个层次建模的参考视图。
(2)分析战场对抗体系的组成和特点,总结实体建模和体系建模应该描述的要素和具备的性质。在此基础上,研究支持变结构的实体体系建模方法,建立严格的形式化模型描述和仿真算法描述,作为SEB组合建模方法的基本框架,支持导弹体系对抗仿真中实体模型和体系模型的建立。
(3)提出嵌入式实体行为建模方法,研究利用富语义的图形化行为描述方法来支持复杂的实体行为建模,重点研究将状态图嵌入实体模型以支持行为建模的嵌入机制。
(4)在体系对抗仿真SEB建模框架的研究基础上,通过形式化映射,研究基于XML的体系对抗仿真语言SCSL,以有效支持体系对抗仿真中模型和实验设计的描述,支持基于包的仿真模型管理以及仿真模型的解释执行。(2)、(3)、(4)点将从理论方法到技术实现上为体系对抗仿真建模提供系统化的解决方案。
(5)分析体系对抗仿真中存在的系统依赖和并发等特点,研究基于空间分割的体系对抗仿真实验方法,重点研究体系对抗仿真中实验空间分割模式,并针对导弹体系对抗仿真应用,提出SCA实验空间串联分割方法。
(6)根据论文的研究成果,设计并实现体系对抗仿真支撑环境Sim2000,支持导弹体系对抗仿真建模与实验,并以多平台反舰导弹作战效能仿真评估项目为例,验证论文所提理论与方法的有效性。
论文的创新之处包括:针对导弹体系对抗仿真模型描述中存在的主要问题,结合其应用特点,提出了体系-实体-行为的分层次描述方法,即SEB组合建模方法;通过分析战
Weapon equipments acquisition and demonstration has become more and more prominent in the informationalized war conditions while operational effectiveness evaluation is its core part. The research purposes of operational effectiveness evaluation in various functional departments, such as the institute of military systems analysis and the general design department of the industry, could be significantly different, which in turn demands weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation to fully reflect the impact of various operational alternatives and general design alternatives on operational effectiveness in order to explore the optimal alternatives. The complexity and uncertainty of weapon systems operational effectiveness evaluation make traditional analysis methods or expert evaluation methods less effective to solve problems. Simulation based operational effectiveness evaluation is an efficient solution. The increased complexity of both weapon equipments and system-of-systems combat process, however, entails the system-of-systems combat simulation as the most successful solution to weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation.
System-of-systems combat simulation will face similar problems of complexity and uncertainty of operational effectiveness evaluation. The solutions of the above problems must start with the basic links of system-of-systems combat simulation, which are modeling and experimentation. Model specification is the foundation, which is required to be able to flexibly describe abstract battlefields and represent various complicated and uncertain relationships. Experimentation is the means, which requires simulation experiments to be designed scientifically to explore those complex and uncertain experimental spaces to achieve analysis conclusion with high creditability.
The thesis uses missile system-of-systems combat simulation as the application background and focuses on the research of modeling and experimentation of system-of-systems combat simulation. The contents are summarized into the following parts:
(1) After analyzing the problems of simulation model specification in the field of missile system-of-systems combat simulation application, the hierarchical description and composition method based on system-of-systems, entity and behavior is proposed as the modeling methodology of system-of-systems combat simulation, which is SEB composable modeling methodology. Then, the reference model of SEB methodology and the modeling reference view of various hierarchies are discussed.
(2) Based on the analysis of the composition and characteristics of battlefield combat system-of-systems, as well as the elements and characteristics required for entity modeling and system-of-systems modeling, the entity and system-of-systems modeling methods, as the framework of SEB methodology, which support dynamic structure modeling of system-of-systems simulation, are studied. The rigorous formal specification of entity model and system-of-systems model are also established.
体系对抗仿真同样需要应对作战效能评估具有的复杂性和不确定性问题,而解决上述问题必须从体系对抗仿真的基本环节即建模和实验两个方面入手。其中,体系对抗仿真模型描述是基础,需要能够灵活描述抽象的战场对抗体系,反映各种复杂和不确定的影响关系;体系对抗仿真实验是手段,需要科学地设计仿真实验,有效地探索复杂和不确定的体系对抗实验空间,得到高可信度的分析结论。
论文以导弹体系对抗仿真为应用背景,重点研究体系对抗仿真中的建模和实验问题,具体研究内容包括:
(1)面向导弹体系对抗仿真应用,分析体系对抗仿真模型描述中存在的主要问题,提出体系-实体-行为的分层次组合描述方法,作为体系对抗仿真的建模方法,即SEB组合建模方法,并给出其参考模型和各个层次建模的参考视图。
(2)分析战场对抗体系的组成和特点,总结实体建模和体系建模应该描述的要素和具备的性质。在此基础上,研究支持变结构的实体体系建模方法,建立严格的形式化模型描述和仿真算法描述,作为SEB组合建模方法的基本框架,支持导弹体系对抗仿真中实体模型和体系模型的建立。
(3)提出嵌入式实体行为建模方法,研究利用富语义的图形化行为描述方法来支持复杂的实体行为建模,重点研究将状态图嵌入实体模型以支持行为建模的嵌入机制。
(4)在体系对抗仿真SEB建模框架的研究基础上,通过形式化映射,研究基于XML的体系对抗仿真语言SCSL,以有效支持体系对抗仿真中模型和实验设计的描述,支持基于包的仿真模型管理以及仿真模型的解释执行。(2)、(3)、(4)点将从理论方法到技术实现上为体系对抗仿真建模提供系统化的解决方案。
(5)分析体系对抗仿真中存在的系统依赖和并发等特点,研究基于空间分割的体系对抗仿真实验方法,重点研究体系对抗仿真中实验空间分割模式,并针对导弹体系对抗仿真应用,提出SCA实验空间串联分割方法。
(6)根据论文的研究成果,设计并实现体系对抗仿真支撑环境Sim2000,支持导弹体系对抗仿真建模与实验,并以多平台反舰导弹作战效能仿真评估项目为例,验证论文所提理论与方法的有效性。
论文的创新之处包括:针对导弹体系对抗仿真模型描述中存在的主要问题,结合其应用特点,提出了体系-实体-行为的分层次描述方法,即SEB组合建模方法;通过分析战
Weapon equipments acquisition and demonstration has become more and more prominent in the informationalized war conditions while operational effectiveness evaluation is its core part. The research purposes of operational effectiveness evaluation in various functional departments, such as the institute of military systems analysis and the general design department of the industry, could be significantly different, which in turn demands weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation to fully reflect the impact of various operational alternatives and general design alternatives on operational effectiveness in order to explore the optimal alternatives. The complexity and uncertainty of weapon systems operational effectiveness evaluation make traditional analysis methods or expert evaluation methods less effective to solve problems. Simulation based operational effectiveness evaluation is an efficient solution. The increased complexity of both weapon equipments and system-of-systems combat process, however, entails the system-of-systems combat simulation as the most successful solution to weapon system operational effectiveness evaluation.
System-of-systems combat simulation will face similar problems of complexity and uncertainty of operational effectiveness evaluation. The solutions of the above problems must start with the basic links of system-of-systems combat simulation, which are modeling and experimentation. Model specification is the foundation, which is required to be able to flexibly describe abstract battlefields and represent various complicated and uncertain relationships. Experimentation is the means, which requires simulation experiments to be designed scientifically to explore those complex and uncertain experimental spaces to achieve analysis conclusion with high creditability.
The thesis uses missile system-of-systems combat simulation as the application background and focuses on the research of modeling and experimentation of system-of-systems combat simulation. The contents are summarized into the following parts:
(1) After analyzing the problems of simulation model specification in the field of missile system-of-systems combat simulation application, the hierarchical description and composition method based on system-of-systems, entity and behavior is proposed as the modeling methodology of system-of-systems combat simulation, which is SEB composable modeling methodology. Then, the reference model of SEB methodology and the modeling reference view of various hierarchies are discussed.
(2) Based on the analysis of the composition and characteristics of battlefield combat system-of-systems, as well as the elements and characteristics required for entity modeling and system-of-systems modeling, the entity and system-of-systems modeling methods, as the framework of SEB methodology, which support dynamic structure modeling of system-of-systems simulation, are studied. The rigorous formal specification of entity model and system-of-systems model are also established.
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