基于双令牌的无线/有线异构网络集成架构的研究与验证
|
摘要
随着无线网络技术在工业领域的应用和发展,网络化控制系统不再局限于有线的现场总线和工业以太网技术。在工业现场设备层和控制层的网络控制系统中应用无线网络通信技术,实现具有工业级实时性、可靠性的一个开放的异构有线/无线现场测控网络,是无线网络通信技术在工业网络控制系统中应用的一种主要模式和未来发展应用方向。因此,进行工业异构网络集成建模、方法、性能等方面的研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
本文围绕基于双令牌的无线／有线异构网络集成架构,对其无线网段架构以及整体的时间性能进行了研究和成果的实验室性能测试。主要研究工作总结如下：
研究了无线工业控制网络(WICN)令牌环网的网络拓扑结构和协议栈模型,重点研究了网络运行机制和令牌循环时间,引入了令牌故障恢复机制,实现了WICN子网站点的自由进入与退出,使得多令牌异构系统可以尽可能优化传输,进行数据的交换,减少和避免网络中的信息冲突,提高无线网络的实时性能。
围绕工业有线/无线异构网络的集成架构,重点针对工业实时网关研究建立了在主干令牌环网与令牌子网的高速子网和低速子网情况下的数据更新同步差时延和网关中的信息丢失模型,为研究基于双令牌的有线／无线异构网络集成系统性能和关键设备提供了理论基础。
针对多令牌异构网络集成状况提出了相应的令牌循环周期同步策略,为减小网络时延和提高时延稳定性提供设计依据,为构建面向工业现场监控应用的有线／无线异构集成网络提供了技术基础。
在异构网络系统平台上对异构网关集成模型、网关优化和无线接入等研究内容进行实时通信、协议转换、网络时延等性能参数的测试,为下一步异构网络系统原型在工业现场的实施提供基础。
With the development and application of wireless network technology in the industrial fields, networked control systems are no longer limited to wired fieldbus and industrial Ethernet technology. Wireless network technology can be applied to control network systems at field device layer and control layer, which achieves an open hybrid wired/wireless field measure and control networks with industrial-grade reliability and real-time performance. It's a major application mode and future developing tendency for the application of wireless communication technology in industrial controlled network systems. Therefore, the research of models, methods, performance for the integration of industrial hybrid networks, has important theoretical significance and application value.
This thesis focuses on the integration architecture and performance evaluation of the industrial wired/wireless hybrid networks based on double token. The contents and results of the Wireless network architecture and the overall time performance are studied and tested in laboratory. The main research works are summarized as follows:
The topology and protocol stack model of wireless industrial control network (WICN) token ring network are researched, and the network operation mechanism and token cycle time is the focal point. Improve the original token control mechanism, and introduce the token fault recovery mechanism, to achieve the free entering and exit of WICN subnet site; multi-token heterogeneous system can transfer optimizing, exchange data, reduce and avoid the conflict of information network, improve the real-time performance of the wireless network as possibly.
Centering on the of industrial wired/wireless heterogeneous network, Especially focusing on the research of industrial real-time gateway, the data synchronization update delay model and data dropout model are built, in the case of low-speed and high-speed token segments with the backbone respectively. These works provides theoretical basis for the study of integration performance and the development of key equipment in hybrid wired/wireless network.
The token cycle synchronization strategy is proposed according to multi-token integration situation, which provides the design basis for reducing network delay and improving delay stability of hybrid network integration, which provides method basis for design of protocol conversion gateway.
Based on the hybrid network system platform, some performance parameters tests about real-time communication, protocol conversion, network delay, etc, are carried out for the research of hybrid integration gateway model, gateway optimization, wireless access, etc. All the work provides the basis for the implementation of hybrid network system prototype in the industrial field.
本文围绕基于双令牌的无线／有线异构网络集成架构,对其无线网段架构以及整体的时间性能进行了研究和成果的实验室性能测试。主要研究工作总结如下：
研究了无线工业控制网络(WICN)令牌环网的网络拓扑结构和协议栈模型,重点研究了网络运行机制和令牌循环时间,引入了令牌故障恢复机制,实现了WICN子网站点的自由进入与退出,使得多令牌异构系统可以尽可能优化传输,进行数据的交换,减少和避免网络中的信息冲突,提高无线网络的实时性能。
围绕工业有线/无线异构网络的集成架构,重点针对工业实时网关研究建立了在主干令牌环网与令牌子网的高速子网和低速子网情况下的数据更新同步差时延和网关中的信息丢失模型,为研究基于双令牌的有线／无线异构网络集成系统性能和关键设备提供了理论基础。
针对多令牌异构网络集成状况提出了相应的令牌循环周期同步策略,为减小网络时延和提高时延稳定性提供设计依据,为构建面向工业现场监控应用的有线／无线异构集成网络提供了技术基础。
在异构网络系统平台上对异构网关集成模型、网关优化和无线接入等研究内容进行实时通信、协议转换、网络时延等性能参数的测试,为下一步异构网络系统原型在工业现场的实施提供基础。
With the development and application of wireless network technology in the industrial fields, networked control systems are no longer limited to wired fieldbus and industrial Ethernet technology. Wireless network technology can be applied to control network systems at field device layer and control layer, which achieves an open hybrid wired/wireless field measure and control networks with industrial-grade reliability and real-time performance. It's a major application mode and future developing tendency for the application of wireless communication technology in industrial controlled network systems. Therefore, the research of models, methods, performance for the integration of industrial hybrid networks, has important theoretical significance and application value.
This thesis focuses on the integration architecture and performance evaluation of the industrial wired/wireless hybrid networks based on double token. The contents and results of the Wireless network architecture and the overall time performance are studied and tested in laboratory. The main research works are summarized as follows:
The topology and protocol stack model of wireless industrial control network (WICN) token ring network are researched, and the network operation mechanism and token cycle time is the focal point. Improve the original token control mechanism, and introduce the token fault recovery mechanism, to achieve the free entering and exit of WICN subnet site; multi-token heterogeneous system can transfer optimizing, exchange data, reduce and avoid the conflict of information network, improve the real-time performance of the wireless network as possibly.
Centering on the of industrial wired/wireless heterogeneous network, Especially focusing on the research of industrial real-time gateway, the data synchronization update delay model and data dropout model are built, in the case of low-speed and high-speed token segments with the backbone respectively. These works provides theoretical basis for the study of integration performance and the development of key equipment in hybrid wired/wireless network.
The token cycle synchronization strategy is proposed according to multi-token integration situation, which provides the design basis for reducing network delay and improving delay stability of hybrid network integration, which provides method basis for design of protocol conversion gateway.
Based on the hybrid network system platform, some performance parameters tests about real-time communication, protocol conversion, network delay, etc, are carried out for the research of hybrid integration gateway model, gateway optimization, wireless access, etc. All the work provides the basis for the implementation of hybrid network system prototype in the industrial field.
引文
[1]T. Ciardiello, Wireless communications for industrial control and monitoring[J], Computing& Control Engineering Journal,2005,16:12-13.
[2]P. Matkurbanov, Lee. SeungKi, Kim. Dong-Sung, A Survey and Analysis of Wireless Fieldbus for Industrial Environments[C], SICE-ICASE,2006. International Joint Conference 2006, 5555-5561.
[3]D. Brandt, R. Piggin, The coming of age [wireless Ethernet in industrial applications][J], Computing and Control Engineering,2006,17:26-31.
[4]朱斌,王平.EPA控制网络中802.11b接入点的设计与实现[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(08)：822-825.
[5]付华,华明,关于多现场总线集成的研究[J],电气制造,2006.2：83-85.
[6]李正军,现场总线与工业以太网及其应用系统设计[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2006.
[7]乔毅,吴化柱,张涛,一种现场总线与以太网互联的设计与实现[J],化工自动化及仪表,2005,32：44-47.
[8]J. Jasperneite and J. Feld, PROFINET:An Integration Platform for heterogeneous Industrial Communication Systems[C],2005 IEEE,815-822.
[9]姚通,胡永红,丁璐,基于FPGA多串口到以太网网桥的设计与实现[J],计算机测量与控制,2010,4：865-867.
[10]张燕妮,助航灯光监控系统的CAN-Modbus智能网桥设计[J],中国新通信,2010,1：80-82.
[11]P. Ran, B. Wang, W. Wang, The design of communication convertor based on CAN bus[C], IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology,2008,2008:1-5.
[12]G. Hu, Design and implementation of industrial wireless gateway based on ZigBee communication[C], The Ninth International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments,2009:684-688.
[13]胥军,彦军,嵌入式现场总线协议转换网关开发[J],计算机工程,2006,12：255-257.
[14]Z.-W. Park and M.-K. Kim, Design of an integrated fieldbus gateway[C], Proc. Russian-Korean Int. Symp. Sci. Technol.,2005:843-846.
[15]吴虹岑,付蔚,基于EPA控制网络的ZigBee无线接入研究与实现[J],工业控制计算机,2007,11：3-4+6.
[16]K. Lee, S. Lee, Integrated network of Profibus-DP and IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN with hard real-time requirement[C],2001 IEEE International Symposium On Industrial Electronics Proceedings,2002:1484-1489.
[17]吕勇,王天然,OPC技术在现场总线互操作中的应用[J],仪表技术与传感器,2004,3：39-40.
[18]乔加新,基于多现场总线的OPC服务器的应用研究[J],工业控制计算机,2006,4：38-39.
[19]R. Poor, B. Hodges, Reliable wireless networks for industrial systems[C], IEE Seminar Digests,2003:11-11.
[20]C. Iacopo, M. Daniele and V. Stefano, Performance of an Application Layer Protocol for Wireless Industrial Communications[C], IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2006.,2006:441-444.
[21]L. Kyung Chang, H. H. Kim, Suk Lee, Man Hyung Lee., Timer selection for satisfying the maximum allowable delay using performance model of profibus token passing protocol[J], Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on,2004(51):701-710.
[22]侯维岩,张海峰,费敏锐.现场总线PROFIBUS系统的实时性能分析[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2004,(02)：56-60.
[23]侯维岩,费敏锐,陈伯时,]HeikoAdamczyk,LutzRauchhaupt,无线PROFIBUS系统的实时性能和差错特性的分析与测试[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(06)：551-556+568.
[24]S. Vitruri, Stochastic model of the Profibus DP cycle time[J], Science, Measurement and Technology, IEE Proceedings-,2004(151):335-342.
[25]D. Obeid, S. Sheeshia, Modeling of a Polling-Based Access Scheme for 802.11[C], Local Computer Networks,2007. LCN 2007.32nd IEEE Conference on,2007:252-253.
[26]许向阳,程文清,TDMA网络的时隙同步技术[J],计算机与数字工程,2002(1)：50-53.
[27]V. Paxson, End-to-end routing behavior in the Internet[J], Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on,1997(5):601-615.
[28]侯维岩,刘伟春,程俊锋,费敏锐.面向无线工业网络的数据链路层协议WICN-Z[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,(03)：638-643.
[29]杨傲雷,面向工业现场的短程无线监控网络系统设计与实现[D],上海大学,2009.
[31]侯维岩,费敏锐,阳宪惠,LutzRauchhaupt.令牌目的循环时间T_(TR)对现场总线PROFIBUS测控周期的影响[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(04)：399-402+418.
[32]Wang Haikuan, Hou Weiyan, Qin Zhaohui, Song Yang, Integration infrastructure in wireless/wired heterogeneous industrial network system[J], Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2010(6328):129-135.
[33]张锦,侯维岩,杨奥雷,基于IEEE802.15.4a的工业无线网络嗅探器[J],电子技术应用,2009,6：139-142.
[34]姜德志,工业无线网络控制系统性能测试与评价方法的研究及实现[D],上海大学,2011.
[35]秦朝晖,异构工业控制网络集成架构的研究与设计[D],郑州大学,2011.
[36]Haikuan Wang, Weiyan Hou, Minrui Fei, Polling-based protocol converter for the integration of hybrid wired/wireless industrial control networks, Control Conference (CCC),2010 29th Chinese,2010:5772-5777.
[2]P. Matkurbanov, Lee. SeungKi, Kim. Dong-Sung, A Survey and Analysis of Wireless Fieldbus for Industrial Environments[C], SICE-ICASE,2006. International Joint Conference 2006, 5555-5561.
[3]D. Brandt, R. Piggin, The coming of age [wireless Ethernet in industrial applications][J], Computing and Control Engineering,2006,17:26-31.
[4]朱斌,王平.EPA控制网络中802.11b接入点的设计与实现[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(08)：822-825.
[5]付华,华明,关于多现场总线集成的研究[J],电气制造,2006.2：83-85.
[6]李正军,现场总线与工业以太网及其应用系统设计[M],北京：人民邮电出版社,2006.
[7]乔毅,吴化柱,张涛,一种现场总线与以太网互联的设计与实现[J],化工自动化及仪表,2005,32：44-47.
[8]J. Jasperneite and J. Feld, PROFINET:An Integration Platform for heterogeneous Industrial Communication Systems[C],2005 IEEE,815-822.
[9]姚通,胡永红,丁璐,基于FPGA多串口到以太网网桥的设计与实现[J],计算机测量与控制,2010,4：865-867.
[10]张燕妮,助航灯光监控系统的CAN-Modbus智能网桥设计[J],中国新通信,2010,1：80-82.
[11]P. Ran, B. Wang, W. Wang, The design of communication convertor based on CAN bus[C], IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology,2008,2008:1-5.
[12]G. Hu, Design and implementation of industrial wireless gateway based on ZigBee communication[C], The Ninth International Conference on Electronic Measurement & Instruments,2009:684-688.
[13]胥军,彦军,嵌入式现场总线协议转换网关开发[J],计算机工程,2006,12：255-257.
[14]Z.-W. Park and M.-K. Kim, Design of an integrated fieldbus gateway[C], Proc. Russian-Korean Int. Symp. Sci. Technol.,2005:843-846.
[15]吴虹岑,付蔚,基于EPA控制网络的ZigBee无线接入研究与实现[J],工业控制计算机,2007,11：3-4+6.
[16]K. Lee, S. Lee, Integrated network of Profibus-DP and IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN with hard real-time requirement[C],2001 IEEE International Symposium On Industrial Electronics Proceedings,2002:1484-1489.
[17]吕勇,王天然,OPC技术在现场总线互操作中的应用[J],仪表技术与传感器,2004,3：39-40.
[18]乔加新,基于多现场总线的OPC服务器的应用研究[J],工业控制计算机,2006,4：38-39.
[19]R. Poor, B. Hodges, Reliable wireless networks for industrial systems[C], IEE Seminar Digests,2003:11-11.
[20]C. Iacopo, M. Daniele and V. Stefano, Performance of an Application Layer Protocol for Wireless Industrial Communications[C], IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2006.,2006:441-444.
[21]L. Kyung Chang, H. H. Kim, Suk Lee, Man Hyung Lee., Timer selection for satisfying the maximum allowable delay using performance model of profibus token passing protocol[J], Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on,2004(51):701-710.
[22]侯维岩,张海峰,费敏锐.现场总线PROFIBUS系统的实时性能分析[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2004,(02)：56-60.
[23]侯维岩,费敏锐,陈伯时,]HeikoAdamczyk,LutzRauchhaupt,无线PROFIBUS系统的实时性能和差错特性的分析与测试[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(06)：551-556+568.
[24]S. Vitruri, Stochastic model of the Profibus DP cycle time[J], Science, Measurement and Technology, IEE Proceedings-,2004(151):335-342.
[25]D. Obeid, S. Sheeshia, Modeling of a Polling-Based Access Scheme for 802.11[C], Local Computer Networks,2007. LCN 2007.32nd IEEE Conference on,2007:252-253.
[26]许向阳,程文清,TDMA网络的时隙同步技术[J],计算机与数字工程,2002(1)：50-53.
[27]V. Paxson, End-to-end routing behavior in the Internet[J], Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on,1997(5):601-615.
[28]侯维岩,刘伟春,程俊锋,费敏锐.面向无线工业网络的数据链路层协议WICN-Z[J].仪器仪表学报,2008,(03)：638-643.
[29]杨傲雷,面向工业现场的短程无线监控网络系统设计与实现[D],上海大学,2009.
[31]侯维岩,费敏锐,阳宪惠,LutzRauchhaupt.令牌目的循环时间T_(TR)对现场总线PROFIBUS测控周期的影响[J].仪器仪表学报,2005,(04)：399-402+418.
[32]Wang Haikuan, Hou Weiyan, Qin Zhaohui, Song Yang, Integration infrastructure in wireless/wired heterogeneous industrial network system[J], Lecture Notes in Computer Science,2010(6328):129-135.
[33]张锦,侯维岩,杨奥雷,基于IEEE802.15.4a的工业无线网络嗅探器[J],电子技术应用,2009,6：139-142.
[34]姜德志,工业无线网络控制系统性能测试与评价方法的研究及实现[D],上海大学,2011.
[35]秦朝晖,异构工业控制网络集成架构的研究与设计[D],郑州大学,2011.
[36]Haikuan Wang, Weiyan Hou, Minrui Fei, Polling-based protocol converter for the integration of hybrid wired/wireless industrial control networks, Control Conference (CCC),2010 29th Chinese,2010:5772-5777.