Profibus无线传输装置的设计与实现
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摘要
Profibus现场总线在工业控制中应用非常广泛,但是某些特殊的工业现场,需要使用无线传输技术进行信息交换,因此把无线传输技术应用于Profibus现场总线中势在必行。本文考察了无线现场总线技术国内外研究现状和研究意义,了解了Profibus现场总线的协议规范和无线通信的关键技术,分析了无线传输技术和现场总线技术结合的几种方式,提出用无线中继法实施Profibus-DP现场总线的无线传输,说明了无线通信模块开发技术,围绕硬件设计和软件设计2个方面详细论述了电路结构和软件配置以及测试系统和测试结论。
课题开发了一个无线通信模块,它可以实现Profibus-DP现场总线主站和从站之间的无线通信,室内有效传输距离为10m,最高数据波特率为187.5Kbps,有线和无线数据转换延时为29 u s。
课题的设计思想是利用无线中继法实施Profibus现场总线的无线通信,为了满足Profibus-DP现场总线对数据传输的时序要求,最大限度地减小有线和无线数据的转换延时是主要技术难点。
课题的创新点是使用无线中继法实施Profibus-DP现场总线主站和从站之间的无线通信,相比于其它方法,有线和无线数据转换的延时时间小,实时性强,更加适宜工业现场控制的需要。开发的无线通信模块相对于Profibus-DP现场总线的主从站完全透明,简洁实用,无需特殊配置。在结构上利用四个无线芯片,使数据在无线传输过程中能够实现全双工的功能,无线芯片无需进行接受和发送的转换,工作在“直接模式”下,也是一大特色。
The Profibus technology is widely used in the industrial field. To some special occasions, the wireless communication is essential for the information exchanging. Thus, the wireless technology used in the fieldbus was put forward. This thesis examined the research status at home and aboard and the significance, introduced the Profibus protocol and the wireless communication key technology, analyzed several integration ways of the Profibus and the wireless communication technology. Next, this thesis proposed to achieve the Profibus-DP wireless communication using wireless repeater and showed the wireless communication development technology. The circuit and the software configuration focusing on the hardware and software design was discussed in detail.At last, the test system and conclution was given.
This thesis developed a wireless communication module, which achieved the wireless communication of the Profibus-DP master and salve station. The effective transmission distance is 10m, the maximum data baud is 187.5Kbps; the delay of the wired and wireless data transfer is 29μs.
This thesis's design idea is using wireless repeater to achieve Profibus wireless communication, in order to meet the Profibus timing requirements for the data transmission, the main technical difficulty is to minimize the conversion delay of the wired wireless data.
The innovation of the thesis is using wireless repeater to achieve the Profibus-DP wireless communication. Compared with the wireless gateway, the wireless module can adapt to the industrial control. Moreover, the wireless module is transparent to Profibus-DP and non further configuration is needed. A couple of wireless modules have four CC1100 wireless ships, which make the wireless data communication is full-duplex. The CC1100 works in the "direct mode", which minimize the delay time. This is the features of this thesis.
课题开发了一个无线通信模块,它可以实现Profibus-DP现场总线主站和从站之间的无线通信,室内有效传输距离为10m,最高数据波特率为187.5Kbps,有线和无线数据转换延时为29 u s。
课题的设计思想是利用无线中继法实施Profibus现场总线的无线通信,为了满足Profibus-DP现场总线对数据传输的时序要求,最大限度地减小有线和无线数据的转换延时是主要技术难点。
课题的创新点是使用无线中继法实施Profibus-DP现场总线主站和从站之间的无线通信,相比于其它方法,有线和无线数据转换的延时时间小,实时性强,更加适宜工业现场控制的需要。开发的无线通信模块相对于Profibus-DP现场总线的主从站完全透明,简洁实用,无需特殊配置。在结构上利用四个无线芯片,使数据在无线传输过程中能够实现全双工的功能,无线芯片无需进行接受和发送的转换,工作在“直接模式”下,也是一大特色。
The Profibus technology is widely used in the industrial field. To some special occasions, the wireless communication is essential for the information exchanging. Thus, the wireless technology used in the fieldbus was put forward. This thesis examined the research status at home and aboard and the significance, introduced the Profibus protocol and the wireless communication key technology, analyzed several integration ways of the Profibus and the wireless communication technology. Next, this thesis proposed to achieve the Profibus-DP wireless communication using wireless repeater and showed the wireless communication development technology. The circuit and the software configuration focusing on the hardware and software design was discussed in detail.At last, the test system and conclution was given.
This thesis developed a wireless communication module, which achieved the wireless communication of the Profibus-DP master and salve station. The effective transmission distance is 10m, the maximum data baud is 187.5Kbps; the delay of the wired and wireless data transfer is 29μs.
This thesis's design idea is using wireless repeater to achieve Profibus wireless communication, in order to meet the Profibus timing requirements for the data transmission, the main technical difficulty is to minimize the conversion delay of the wired wireless data.
The innovation of the thesis is using wireless repeater to achieve the Profibus-DP wireless communication. Compared with the wireless gateway, the wireless module can adapt to the industrial control. Moreover, the wireless module is transparent to Profibus-DP and non further configuration is needed. A couple of wireless modules have four CC1100 wireless ships, which make the wireless data communication is full-duplex. The CC1100 works in the "direct mode", which minimize the delay time. This is the features of this thesis.
引文
[1]侯维岩,费敏锐.PROFIBUS协议分析和系统应用[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006.
[2]田里.工业以太网的无线扩展研究[D].天津：天津大学,2006.
[3]侯维岩,王福源,Lutz Rauchhaupt,陈伯时.无线现场总线RFieldbus的性能分析及评价[J].计算技术与自动化,2003,22(3)13-17.
[4]张凤登.现场总线技术与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2008.
[5]侯维岩,费敏锐,陈伯时.面向工业环境的高性能无线现场总线[J].电测与仪表.2002,12,5-8.
[6]崔龙,崔启明,江文瑞.基于无线现场总线R_fieldbus的智能家居网络设计[J].现代计算机2007,4：69-72.
[7]A. Willig, K. Matheus and A. Wolisz. Wireless technology in industrial networks [J]. Proceeding of the IEEE,2005,93(6):1130-1151.
[8]王兆义,何幼生.现场总线技术展望[J].电气自动化,2000,(1)：14-16.
[9]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M].清华大学出版社.1999：309-310.
[10]袁兆辉,高胜,吴泽龙.软件PLC技术及其应用特点[J].江苏工业学院学报,2004,1：29-31.
[11]尹天文,周积刚,朱守云等.从德国工业博览会看世界低压电器的发展趋势[J].低压电器,2003,(2)：5-6.
[12]佟为明,穆明,林景波等.现场总线标准[J].低压电器,2003,(2)：34-35.
[13]王军,王宏,徐凯冬,周侗.基于EPA的无线与有线网段的[J].计算机工程,2006,32(14)：236-239.
[14]PNO. The Specification of DPV1 Slave technology[S].2003.4.
[15]PNO. Test Specification for PROFIBUS DP slave Version[S]. Ver 2.1. TC1-03-0032.
[16]曹青松,徐鹏,周继惠.基于CC1100的ZigBee无线抄表系统的节点设计[J].电测与仪表.2010,(2),73-76.
[17]Chipcon.CC1100 DataSheet[DB/OL].http://www.chipcon.com/files/CC1100_data_sheet_1_0.pdf 2005.
[18]赵正平,陈蕴.基于CCll00的心电遥测系统设计与实现[J].自动化与仪表.2008,(1),379-382.
[19]史久根,张培仁.短距离无线通信在控制中的应用[J].微计算机信息.2004,,20,11,36-38.
[20]马潮.AVR单片机嵌入式系统原理与应用实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社.2007：422-431.
[21]Ferreria L, Tovar E, Alves M. Enabling Inter-Domin Transactions in Bridge-based Hybrid wired/wireless PROFIBUS Network (J).Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2003,21(1):15-22.
[22]Xu Xiaoli, Zou Yunbo, Wang Huan. Monitoring and control technology of solar photovoltaic power generation system [J]. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT,2010,24(10),887-891.
[23]关可,盛惠兴,王海滨,殷明.基于nRF905的无线数据传输系统设计[J].信息安全与通信保密,2009,3：85-88.
[24]刘文光.基于CC1100的无线反馈系统的设计与实现[D].吉林：吉林大学,2008.
[25]C. Koulamas, S. Koubias, and G. Papadopoulos. Using cut -through forwarding to retain the real-time properties of profibus over hybrid wired/wireless architectures [J]. IEEE Trans. Ind.Electron.,2004,51(6):1208-1217.
[26]易春求,高顺德.基于CAN总线和射频技术的无线数据传输系统[J].测控技术,2010,39(2)：38-42.
[27]S.Vitturi, DP-Ethernet:the Profibus DP protocol implemented on Ethernet, Computer Communications, Volume 26, Issue 10,20 June 2003, Pages 1095-1104.
[28]General structure of the RFildbus(J).White Paper,D 1.3 of the IST Report,2000.
[29]Tovara, Vasques, Cycle time properties of the PROFIBUS timed-token protocol, Computer Communications, Volume 26, Issue 29,22 July1999, Pages 1206-1216.
[30]杨斌,郭建英,孙永全等.基于AVR的风电场气象参数采集与管理系统[J].电子测量技术2010,33(8)：81-85.
[31]易春求,高顺德.基于CAN总线和射频技术的无线数据传输系统[J].测控技术,2010,39(2)：38-42.
[32]Luis Ferreira, Eduardo Tovar, The influence of inter-domain mobility on message stream response time in wired/wireless profibus-based networks, Fieldbus Systems and Their Applications,2006, Pages 135-142.
[33]牟志新,丁高,张望.射频电路PCB板的电磁兼容设计[J].电子质量,2006,1：58-61.
[34]Jae Ick Lee, Sung Wook Chun, Soon Ju Kang.Virtual prototyping of PLC-based embedded system using object model of target and behavior model by converting RLL-to-statechart directly(J).Journal of Systems Architecture:the EUROMICRO Journal,2002,48:1-3.
[35]M. R. Lucas, D. M. Tilbury.A study of current logic design practices in the automotive manufacturing industry(J).International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,2003,59:5.
[36]朱小壤ModBus通信协议及编程[J].电子工程师,2005,33(07)：53-55
[37]Profibus-DP Process Field Bus Decentralized Periphery (DP),Translation of the German National Standard DIN 19245 part 3, Profibus Nutzerorganization e.V. (Karlsrhue, Germany1994).
[38]S. Monforte, M. Alves, F. Vasques, E. Tovar, Designing real-time systems based on mono master profibus-DP networks, in:Proc. of the 16th IFAC Workshop on Distributed Computer Control Systems (DCCS'2000), Sydney, Australia, November 29-December 1, 2000,pp.36-43.
[39]Rauchhaupt L. System and Device Architecture of a Radio Based Fieldbus-the RFieldbus System[J]. Factory CommunicationSystems,2002.8(4):185-192.
[40]L. Ferreira, M. Alves, and E. Tovar. Hybrid wired/wireless profibus networks supported by bridges/routers. in Proc.2002.IEEE Workshop Factory Communication Systems (WFCS 2002).
[41]唐忠,曾鹏,于海斌,王宏.工业无线通信技术第十二章工业无线网络与现场总线的互连方法研究[J].仪器仪表标准化与计量,2008,6：30-33.
[42]菲尼克斯.无线1O解决方案[J],自动化博览,2008,09,7-40.
[43]汪华章.CAN,总线网与无线局网问的网桥设计[J].工业控制计算机,2004,17(4)：38-39.
[44]施仁,杨清宇.IEC现场总线网络通信协议研究[J].自动化仪表,2003,24(1)21-25.
[45]汪华章.基于MSP430的无线数据传输模块设计[J].西南民族大学学报,2009,4：817-820.
[46]刘世斌.基于MODBUS无线总线测控系统[J].制造业自动化,2010,32(12)：23-25.
[47]陈伯时.现场级无线通信协议研究[J].信息与控制,2002,31(5)396-340.
[48]刘伟军.无线现场总线系统的开发与应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2010,2：41-42.
[49]陈忠华.可编程序控制器与工业现场总线[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2010.
[50]刘江沙,雷伟,尹酉.基于CC2430的串口无线模块的设计[J].国外电子元器件,2007,4：47-50.
[2]田里.工业以太网的无线扩展研究[D].天津：天津大学,2006.
[3]侯维岩,王福源,Lutz Rauchhaupt,陈伯时.无线现场总线RFieldbus的性能分析及评价[J].计算技术与自动化,2003,22(3)13-17.
[4]张凤登.现场总线技术与应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2008.
[5]侯维岩,费敏锐,陈伯时.面向工业环境的高性能无线现场总线[J].电测与仪表.2002,12,5-8.
[6]崔龙,崔启明,江文瑞.基于无线现场总线R_fieldbus的智能家居网络设计[J].现代计算机2007,4：69-72.
[7]A. Willig, K. Matheus and A. Wolisz. Wireless technology in industrial networks [J]. Proceeding of the IEEE,2005,93(6):1130-1151.
[8]王兆义,何幼生.现场总线技术展望[J].电气自动化,2000,(1)：14-16.
[9]阳宪惠.现场总线技术及其应用[M].清华大学出版社.1999：309-310.
[10]袁兆辉,高胜,吴泽龙.软件PLC技术及其应用特点[J].江苏工业学院学报,2004,1：29-31.
[11]尹天文,周积刚,朱守云等.从德国工业博览会看世界低压电器的发展趋势[J].低压电器,2003,(2)：5-6.
[12]佟为明,穆明,林景波等.现场总线标准[J].低压电器,2003,(2)：34-35.
[13]王军,王宏,徐凯冬,周侗.基于EPA的无线与有线网段的[J].计算机工程,2006,32(14)：236-239.
[14]PNO. The Specification of DPV1 Slave technology[S].2003.4.
[15]PNO. Test Specification for PROFIBUS DP slave Version[S]. Ver 2.1. TC1-03-0032.
[16]曹青松,徐鹏,周继惠.基于CC1100的ZigBee无线抄表系统的节点设计[J].电测与仪表.2010,(2),73-76.
[17]Chipcon.CC1100 DataSheet[DB/OL].http://www.chipcon.com/files/CC1100_data_sheet_1_0.pdf 2005.
[18]赵正平,陈蕴.基于CCll00的心电遥测系统设计与实现[J].自动化与仪表.2008,(1),379-382.
[19]史久根,张培仁.短距离无线通信在控制中的应用[J].微计算机信息.2004,,20,11,36-38.
[20]马潮.AVR单片机嵌入式系统原理与应用实践[M].北京航空航天大学出版社.2007：422-431.
[21]Ferreria L, Tovar E, Alves M. Enabling Inter-Domin Transactions in Bridge-based Hybrid wired/wireless PROFIBUS Network (J).Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation,2003,21(1):15-22.
[22]Xu Xiaoli, Zou Yunbo, Wang Huan. Monitoring and control technology of solar photovoltaic power generation system [J]. JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENT,2010,24(10),887-891.
[23]关可,盛惠兴,王海滨,殷明.基于nRF905的无线数据传输系统设计[J].信息安全与通信保密,2009,3：85-88.
[24]刘文光.基于CC1100的无线反馈系统的设计与实现[D].吉林：吉林大学,2008.
[25]C. Koulamas, S. Koubias, and G. Papadopoulos. Using cut -through forwarding to retain the real-time properties of profibus over hybrid wired/wireless architectures [J]. IEEE Trans. Ind.Electron.,2004,51(6):1208-1217.
[26]易春求,高顺德.基于CAN总线和射频技术的无线数据传输系统[J].测控技术,2010,39(2)：38-42.
[27]S.Vitturi, DP-Ethernet:the Profibus DP protocol implemented on Ethernet, Computer Communications, Volume 26, Issue 10,20 June 2003, Pages 1095-1104.
[28]General structure of the RFildbus(J).White Paper,D 1.3 of the IST Report,2000.
[29]Tovara, Vasques, Cycle time properties of the PROFIBUS timed-token protocol, Computer Communications, Volume 26, Issue 29,22 July1999, Pages 1206-1216.
[30]杨斌,郭建英,孙永全等.基于AVR的风电场气象参数采集与管理系统[J].电子测量技术2010,33(8)：81-85.
[31]易春求,高顺德.基于CAN总线和射频技术的无线数据传输系统[J].测控技术,2010,39(2)：38-42.
[32]Luis Ferreira, Eduardo Tovar, The influence of inter-domain mobility on message stream response time in wired/wireless profibus-based networks, Fieldbus Systems and Their Applications,2006, Pages 135-142.
[33]牟志新,丁高,张望.射频电路PCB板的电磁兼容设计[J].电子质量,2006,1：58-61.
[34]Jae Ick Lee, Sung Wook Chun, Soon Ju Kang.Virtual prototyping of PLC-based embedded system using object model of target and behavior model by converting RLL-to-statechart directly(J).Journal of Systems Architecture:the EUROMICRO Journal,2002,48:1-3.
[35]M. R. Lucas, D. M. Tilbury.A study of current logic design practices in the automotive manufacturing industry(J).International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,2003,59:5.
[36]朱小壤ModBus通信协议及编程[J].电子工程师,2005,33(07)：53-55
[37]Profibus-DP Process Field Bus Decentralized Periphery (DP),Translation of the German National Standard DIN 19245 part 3, Profibus Nutzerorganization e.V. (Karlsrhue, Germany1994).
[38]S. Monforte, M. Alves, F. Vasques, E. Tovar, Designing real-time systems based on mono master profibus-DP networks, in:Proc. of the 16th IFAC Workshop on Distributed Computer Control Systems (DCCS'2000), Sydney, Australia, November 29-December 1, 2000,pp.36-43.
[39]Rauchhaupt L. System and Device Architecture of a Radio Based Fieldbus-the RFieldbus System[J]. Factory CommunicationSystems,2002.8(4):185-192.
[40]L. Ferreira, M. Alves, and E. Tovar. Hybrid wired/wireless profibus networks supported by bridges/routers. in Proc.2002.IEEE Workshop Factory Communication Systems (WFCS 2002).
[41]唐忠,曾鹏,于海斌,王宏.工业无线通信技术第十二章工业无线网络与现场总线的互连方法研究[J].仪器仪表标准化与计量,2008,6：30-33.
[42]菲尼克斯.无线1O解决方案[J],自动化博览,2008,09,7-40.
[43]汪华章.CAN,总线网与无线局网问的网桥设计[J].工业控制计算机,2004,17(4)：38-39.
[44]施仁,杨清宇.IEC现场总线网络通信协议研究[J].自动化仪表,2003,24(1)21-25.
[45]汪华章.基于MSP430的无线数据传输模块设计[J].西南民族大学学报,2009,4：817-820.
[46]刘世斌.基于MODBUS无线总线测控系统[J].制造业自动化,2010,32(12)：23-25.
[47]陈伯时.现场级无线通信协议研究[J].信息与控制,2002,31(5)396-340.
[48]刘伟军.无线现场总线系统的开发与应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2010,2：41-42.
[49]陈忠华.可编程序控制器与工业现场总线[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2010.
[50]刘江沙,雷伟,尹酉.基于CC2430的串口无线模块的设计[J].国外电子元器件,2007,4：47-50.