城市生活垃圾分选中空气射流技术的应用研究
|
摘要
随着我国经济高速发展和城市化水平的提高,城市生活垃圾的产量不断增大,垃圾围城问题日益严重;同时资源被不断消耗,其缺口日益增大。必将促进垃圾资源化技术的发展,其中垃圾资源化的关键技术之一垃圾的分选技术。因此对城市生活垃圾分选工艺的研究具有一定的现实意义。本文阐述了风力分选机的原理、喷射器的工作原理和喷射器设计理论,描述了风力分选机的工作过程、分类以及喷射器设计过程中参数的选取。发挥交叉学科的优势,采用气固两相流体力学研究垃圾风力分选,应用空气射流技术解决当前风力分选中存在的问题,为城市生活垃圾分选的研究打开了新的思路。
本文采用流体动力学软件FLUENT对喷射器内部流场的变化规律进行了探讨。建立了气固两相流的控制方程和封闭方程;介绍了数值模型的建立、网格划分、边界条件和初始条件的设定;采用SIMPLE算法对射流技术进行压力和速度耦合。模拟结构表明喷射器内部流场有利于垃圾颗粒的分离。在边界条件和初始条件相同的情况下,分布改变喷射器的喷距、不同锥角和不同喷嘴出口速度进行模拟和分析,从而得出最佳的喷嘴结构参数。扩散段的存在不利于垃圾颗粒的分析,在喷射器的设计过程中忽略扩散段的设计。
With the development of rapid economic and urbanization level, the output of municipal solid waste increases dramatically and siege garbage problems are becoming more serious. At the same time resources are continuously consumed and the gap is growing at the same time. Waste resources technological development becomes an inevitable trend and waste separation technology is very important. It has a certain practical significance for the municipal solid waste separation technology. This paper not only describes the principle of wind separator, the working principle of jet and jet design theory but also describes the work process of the wind sorting machine, classification and parameter selection of ejector design process. In this paper, gas-solid two-phase flow is used to study waste wind sorting. The problems in waste wind sorting are solved by application of air jet technology. It opens a new way of thinking for the separation of municipal solid waste research.
In this paper, internal flow field variation of jet is discussed by fluid dynamics software FLUENT. The control equations and the closed equations of gas-solid two-phase flow are established. The setting of the numerical model, meshing, boundary conditions and initial conditions are described. Using SIMPLE algorithm to establish pressure and velocity coupling of jet technique. The simulated results show that the jet flow field is conducive to the separation of waste particles. In the same condition of boundary conditions and initial conditions, the standoff distance, cone angles and the speeds of injectors are changed to simulate and analyse. The optimum structural parameters of the nozzle can be got. Diffuser is not conducive to the analysis of waste particles in the jet's design process, it is better to ignore the design of the diffuser.
本文采用流体动力学软件FLUENT对喷射器内部流场的变化规律进行了探讨。建立了气固两相流的控制方程和封闭方程;介绍了数值模型的建立、网格划分、边界条件和初始条件的设定;采用SIMPLE算法对射流技术进行压力和速度耦合。模拟结构表明喷射器内部流场有利于垃圾颗粒的分离。在边界条件和初始条件相同的情况下,分布改变喷射器的喷距、不同锥角和不同喷嘴出口速度进行模拟和分析,从而得出最佳的喷嘴结构参数。扩散段的存在不利于垃圾颗粒的分析,在喷射器的设计过程中忽略扩散段的设计。
With the development of rapid economic and urbanization level, the output of municipal solid waste increases dramatically and siege garbage problems are becoming more serious. At the same time resources are continuously consumed and the gap is growing at the same time. Waste resources technological development becomes an inevitable trend and waste separation technology is very important. It has a certain practical significance for the municipal solid waste separation technology. This paper not only describes the principle of wind separator, the working principle of jet and jet design theory but also describes the work process of the wind sorting machine, classification and parameter selection of ejector design process. In this paper, gas-solid two-phase flow is used to study waste wind sorting. The problems in waste wind sorting are solved by application of air jet technology. It opens a new way of thinking for the separation of municipal solid waste research.
In this paper, internal flow field variation of jet is discussed by fluid dynamics software FLUENT. The control equations and the closed equations of gas-solid two-phase flow are established. The setting of the numerical model, meshing, boundary conditions and initial conditions are described. Using SIMPLE algorithm to establish pressure and velocity coupling of jet technique. The simulated results show that the jet flow field is conducive to the separation of waste particles. In the same condition of boundary conditions and initial conditions, the standoff distance, cone angles and the speeds of injectors are changed to simulate and analyse. The optimum structural parameters of the nozzle can be got. Diffuser is not conducive to the analysis of waste particles in the jet's design process, it is better to ignore the design of the diffuser.
引文
[1]安恩科.城市垃圾的处理与利用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2006:3-4.
[2]杨慧芬.固体废物处理技术及工程应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:7-8.
[3]赵由才,柴晓利.生活垃圾资源化原理与技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:11-12.
[4]解强等.城市固体废弃物能源化利用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,200:4-8.
[5]徐蕾等.固体废物污染控制[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,2000:6-8.
[6]聂永丰等.三废处理工程技术手册(固体废物卷)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000:720-728.
[7]高春雨.城市生活垃圾风力分选流场的数值模拟研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[8]纪俊红.气固两相流理论在城市生活垃圾风力分选处理的应用研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学.
[9] J.D. murphy, E. Mckeong. Technical economic and environmental analysis of production from municipal solid waste[J].Renewable Energy,2004,29:1043-1046.
[10] G. A. Marques, J. A. S.Tenorio. Use of froth flotation to separate PVC/PET mixtures[J].Waste Management,2005,20(2000):265-269.
[11] Uta Krogmann. Effects of season and population density on source-separated waste composts[J].Waste Management&research,1999,(17):109-123.
[12] Guern CL.Role of calciumions in the mechanism of action of a lignosul phonate used to modify the wettability of plastics for their separation by flotation[J].Minerals Engineering,2003,13(1):53-63.
[13] Pasccoe R D,Hou Y.Investigation of the importance of particle shape and surface wettability on the separation of plastics in a larcode ms separator[J].Mining Engineering,1999,12(4):423-431.
[14]周启星等.垃圾分选设备及垃圾处理技术展望[J].环境污染治理技术及设备,2002,3(11):78-80.
[15]罗涛.深圳市宝安区城市生活垃圾特性实验研究及分选方案比选[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.
[16]杜金科夫,柴振荣.生活垃圾的处理和利用[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1987:15-75.
[17]王中民.城市垃圾处理与处置[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991:53-108.
[18]龚佰勋.环保设备设计手册-固体废物处理设备[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:26-32.
[19]张益,赵由才.生活垃圾焚烧技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:89-95.
[20] Paul R.de Percin.Application of thermal desorption technologies to hazardous waste sites[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,1995,(40):203-209.
[21] S.S. Chung .Evaluating waste management alternatives by the multiple criteria approach[J].Resoures,Conservation and Recycling,1996,17:189-210.
[22]赵由才,宋立杰.实用环境工程手册-固体废物污染控制与资源化[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:26-28.
[23] R. Woodard, M. Bench. Evaluating the performance of a fortnightly collection of household waste separated into compostables, recyclates and refuse in the south of England[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2001,(31):265-284.
[24] Juha-Heikki ,Tanskanen. Modeling separation stratedies of municipal solid waste in Finlang[J]. Waste Management &research, 1997,17:80-92.
[25] Elisabeth Schachermayer,Theresia lahner.Assessment of two different sepatation techniques for waste[J].Waste Management &research,2000,18:16-24. Vas, Rinda E.Technology’s impact on MSW management[J]. Solid Waste Technologies,1999,13(3):32-34.
[26] Zhang Shunli,Moss William. Separation mechanisms and criteria of a rotating eddy-current separator operation[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,1999,25(3):215-232.
[27]陆宏圻等.喷射技术理论及应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004:459-461.
[28] Hannan,E.L..Linear programming with multiple fuzzy goals[J].Fuzzy sets and Sys.,1986(6):235-248.
[29] Lu Hongqi,Cheng Zhi yi. Study on New Adjustable Liquid Jet Pump with Reduce Pressure Device[J].The XIX IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation,1998,15(2):15-17.
[30]陆宏圻,龙新平等.喷射技术设备内部流动及其外特性关系的研究[J].工程热物理学报,1998,18(3):25-26.
[31]陈矛章.粘性流体动力学基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1982:123-126.
[32]郭鸿志.传输过程数学模拟[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998:56-62.
[33]岑可法,姚强,骆仲泱等.高等燃烧学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002:133-152.
[34]杨世铭,陶文栓.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:75-80.
[35]陈义良.紊流计算模型[M].北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,1991:112-115.
[36]周雪漪.计算水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995:78-92.
[37]模式理论综述及展望[J].力学进展,1996(2):25-27.
[38]金忠青.N-S方程的数值解和紊流模型[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989:56-60.
[39]成立等.基于重整化群紊流模型的双向轴流泵出口结构研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2005(12):23-25.
[40]成立,刘超,周济人等.大型立式泵站颠簸型进水流道三维紊流数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2004(8):56-58.
[41] Marzio piller, Enrico Nobile,J.Thomas. DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prandtlnumbers in a channel flow [J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2002:419-441.
[42] J.G, Wissink. DNS of separating low Reynolds number flow in a turbine cascade with incoming wakes [J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2003,24(4):623-635.
[43]温正,石良辰.FLUENT流体计算应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009:11-15.
[44]江帆,黄鹏.Fluent高级应用与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:23-31.
[45]庄文许等.Solidworks 2009经典学习手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:2-6.
[46]王福军.计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:23-30.
[47]陈辉,陈修娟,肖立川.喷射器二维流场与性能的数值分析[J].煤矿机械,2008,29(6),57-60.
[48] Y. Bartosiewicz, Z. Aidoun,Y. Mercadier. Numerical assessment of ejector operation for refrigeration based on CFD [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2006,26:604-612.
[49]姚征,陈康民.CFD通用软件综述[J].上海理工大学学报,2002,24(2):137-144.
[2]杨慧芬.固体废物处理技术及工程应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:7-8.
[3]赵由才,柴晓利.生活垃圾资源化原理与技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:11-12.
[4]解强等.城市固体废弃物能源化利用技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,200:4-8.
[5]徐蕾等.固体废物污染控制[M].武汉:武汉工业大学出版社,2000:6-8.
[6]聂永丰等.三废处理工程技术手册(固体废物卷)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000:720-728.
[7]高春雨.城市生活垃圾风力分选流场的数值模拟研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2005.
[8]纪俊红.气固两相流理论在城市生活垃圾风力分选处理的应用研究[D].阜新:辽宁工程技术大学.
[9] J.D. murphy, E. Mckeong. Technical economic and environmental analysis of production from municipal solid waste[J].Renewable Energy,2004,29:1043-1046.
[10] G. A. Marques, J. A. S.Tenorio. Use of froth flotation to separate PVC/PET mixtures[J].Waste Management,2005,20(2000):265-269.
[11] Uta Krogmann. Effects of season and population density on source-separated waste composts[J].Waste Management&research,1999,(17):109-123.
[12] Guern CL.Role of calciumions in the mechanism of action of a lignosul phonate used to modify the wettability of plastics for their separation by flotation[J].Minerals Engineering,2003,13(1):53-63.
[13] Pasccoe R D,Hou Y.Investigation of the importance of particle shape and surface wettability on the separation of plastics in a larcode ms separator[J].Mining Engineering,1999,12(4):423-431.
[14]周启星等.垃圾分选设备及垃圾处理技术展望[J].环境污染治理技术及设备,2002,3(11):78-80.
[15]罗涛.深圳市宝安区城市生活垃圾特性实验研究及分选方案比选[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.
[16]杜金科夫,柴振荣.生活垃圾的处理和利用[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1987:15-75.
[17]王中民.城市垃圾处理与处置[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1991:53-108.
[18]龚佰勋.环保设备设计手册-固体废物处理设备[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:26-32.
[19]张益,赵由才.生活垃圾焚烧技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008:89-95.
[20] Paul R.de Percin.Application of thermal desorption technologies to hazardous waste sites[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,1995,(40):203-209.
[21] S.S. Chung .Evaluating waste management alternatives by the multiple criteria approach[J].Resoures,Conservation and Recycling,1996,17:189-210.
[22]赵由才,宋立杰.实用环境工程手册-固体废物污染控制与资源化[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:26-28.
[23] R. Woodard, M. Bench. Evaluating the performance of a fortnightly collection of household waste separated into compostables, recyclates and refuse in the south of England[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2001,(31):265-284.
[24] Juha-Heikki ,Tanskanen. Modeling separation stratedies of municipal solid waste in Finlang[J]. Waste Management &research, 1997,17:80-92.
[25] Elisabeth Schachermayer,Theresia lahner.Assessment of two different sepatation techniques for waste[J].Waste Management &research,2000,18:16-24. Vas, Rinda E.Technology’s impact on MSW management[J]. Solid Waste Technologies,1999,13(3):32-34.
[26] Zhang Shunli,Moss William. Separation mechanisms and criteria of a rotating eddy-current separator operation[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,1999,25(3):215-232.
[27]陆宏圻等.喷射技术理论及应用[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004:459-461.
[28] Hannan,E.L..Linear programming with multiple fuzzy goals[J].Fuzzy sets and Sys.,1986(6):235-248.
[29] Lu Hongqi,Cheng Zhi yi. Study on New Adjustable Liquid Jet Pump with Reduce Pressure Device[J].The XIX IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation,1998,15(2):15-17.
[30]陆宏圻,龙新平等.喷射技术设备内部流动及其外特性关系的研究[J].工程热物理学报,1998,18(3):25-26.
[31]陈矛章.粘性流体动力学基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1982:123-126.
[32]郭鸿志.传输过程数学模拟[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998:56-62.
[33]岑可法,姚强,骆仲泱等.高等燃烧学[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2002:133-152.
[34]杨世铭,陶文栓.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:75-80.
[35]陈义良.紊流计算模型[M].北京:中国科学技术大学出版社,1991:112-115.
[36]周雪漪.计算水力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995:78-92.
[37]模式理论综述及展望[J].力学进展,1996(2):25-27.
[38]金忠青.N-S方程的数值解和紊流模型[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989:56-60.
[39]成立等.基于重整化群紊流模型的双向轴流泵出口结构研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2005(12):23-25.
[40]成立,刘超,周济人等.大型立式泵站颠簸型进水流道三维紊流数值模拟[J].水力发电学报,2004(8):56-58.
[41] Marzio piller, Enrico Nobile,J.Thomas. DNS study of turbulent transport at low Prandtlnumbers in a channel flow [J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2002:419-441.
[42] J.G, Wissink. DNS of separating low Reynolds number flow in a turbine cascade with incoming wakes [J].International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow,2003,24(4):623-635.
[43]温正,石良辰.FLUENT流体计算应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2009:11-15.
[44]江帆,黄鹏.Fluent高级应用与实例分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2008:23-31.
[45]庄文许等.Solidworks 2009经典学习手册[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:2-6.
[46]王福军.计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:23-30.
[47]陈辉,陈修娟,肖立川.喷射器二维流场与性能的数值分析[J].煤矿机械,2008,29(6),57-60.
[48] Y. Bartosiewicz, Z. Aidoun,Y. Mercadier. Numerical assessment of ejector operation for refrigeration based on CFD [J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2006,26:604-612.
[49]姚征,陈康民.CFD通用软件综述[J].上海理工大学学报,2002,24(2):137-144.