肉羊繁殖生物技术应用研究
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摘要
养羊业是我国畜牧业的重要组成部分。改革开放以来,特别是近年来,我国养羊业取得了长足的发展,养殖方式进一步转变,生产水平不断提高,饲养量和产品产量持续快速增长,随着产业结构调整步伐的加快,养羊业比重不断增加,已成为推动我国农村经济发展的重要产业。加快养羊业的发展,对于推进畜牧业结构调整、促进农民增收、建设社会主义新农村,具有十分重要的意义和作用。本研究开展了本地绵羊同期发情和萨福克、无角道赛特和杜泊羊人工授精、胚胎移植技术的研究。
研究结果表明:本地杂交绵羊非繁殖季节诱导发情处理后能够正常排卵,而且排出的卵子能够正常受精。
建立了本地杂交羊(小尾寒羊♂X东北细毛羊♀)非繁殖季节CIDR+PMSG+HCG的同期发情处理技术程序,发情率90%以上,通过阴道检查法确定撤栓后24～48h为发情高峰,60～70h为适宜配种时机。生产中可以不用试情公羊鉴定直接进行配种。
初步建立了非繁殖季节萨福克、无角道赛特、杜泊羊纯种后代的CIDR+FSH超数排卵处理程序,其超数排卵反应率分别为94.12%、97.56%和94.74%;受精率分别为86.67%、62.96%和86.36%;头均获胚数分别为7.80枚、6.80枚和6.33枚,三个品种羊的平均获胚数为6.89枚,将萨福克、无角道赛特、杜泊羊胚胎移植给经同期发情处理的东北半细毛羊,移植妊娠率分别为71.05%、74.26%和71.43%,三个品种肉羊鲜胚移植平均妊娠率达72.22%。
受体羊对产羔数影响差异不显著(P>0.05);不同体重受体羊对胚胎移植羔羊出生和断奶体重有影响。
本研究结果为加快引进的优良肉羊扩繁、推动胚胎移植技术的产业化步伐提供技术方法、技术路线和试验依据。
Estrus synchronization and mulitiple ovulation are the most determinative component elemen in the domestic animal embryo transfer technique.Therer is very important significance in the stock farming produce of the estrus synchronization , it can be promote the utilize of frozen semen generally,concentrate the undertake artificial insemination,improve domestic animal oestrous cycle and oestrus appearance,as well as increase domestic animal productivity;The crucial point for embryo transfer technique is the same physiological condition of donor and receptor by estrus synchronization in order to offer the normal development physiological environment for embryos.It can reveals the female physiologic adjustment mechanism by control female synchronization of estrus artificially and study its breed physiology.
It can get a great quantity superiority individual embryos by superovu -lation and artificial insemination,and then transfer these embryos to receptors, so superiority genealogy female progeny size increased quickly,at the same time shorten generation interva, enhanced selection intensity ,bring the better female into full play in the breeding,as well as accelerated breeding process in domestic farm animals. Our results indicate that:
Estrus synchronization technique programs of CIDR+PMSG+HCG and CIDR+PMSG were established in the non-breeding seasons about local hybridization caprine.The percentage about local hybridization sheep of estrus was 90 after treated with estrus synchronization, the group A which used ram to examine estrus was 82.5%, the group B which used vaginal examination was 97.5%.
The percentage of pregnancy about the A1+B1 which injected HCG when mated was 94.44%,and the control group was 88.89%,but the distinction was not significantly.The peak time of estrus in the non-breeding seasons appears 24～48h, and the best time of breeding is 60～70h after remove cork by vaginal examination.
In the experiment of mulitiple ovulation ,the treatment sequence used CIDR+PMSG+HCG for the offsprings of pure breed Suffolk, Poll Dorset, and Doper ewes in the non-breeding seasons was established. The percentage of superovulation reaction rate was 94.12%、97.56% and 94.74%, respectively, The percentage of pregnancy was 86.67%、62.96% and 86.36%,the average embyoes number gotten from one was 7.80, 6.80, and6.33, the average embryos number gotten from three species was 6.89. The highest embyos number gotten from Poll Dorset was 20.
The embryos from Suffolk, Poll Dorset, and Doper offsprings were transplanted into northeast fuzz sheep and hybridization sheep treated estrus synchronization,the transplanted pregnancy rate was 71.05%,74.26%, and71.43%, respectively. The fresh embryo conception rate transplanted from three species was 72.22%. Finally 34 northeast fuzz sheep yeaned 55 lambs and 44 hybridization sheep yeaned 66 lambs, but there was no significant difference which came from receptors to yean(P>0.05). This demonstrated that embryo transfer played important role in variety improvement and breeding work.The weight which came from receptor made the different to the the birth and wean weights,the birth and wean weights(65 d) of the kids from big receptors(≥55Kg)were heavier than that from small ones( < 55Kg)(P<0.05),This indicated that the birth weight and developments of the kids related to the recipientsπweight.
As above-mentioned, estrus synchronization, mulitiple ovulation, artificial insemination and embryo transfer were used in the experiments,The aims were investigate main points and operational procedures of those techniques, establish and optimize operating manual of embryo transfe, search for key point of embryo transfe which fit to the northeast, increase the rate of genetic improvement.As well as provided the approach, line and experiment evidence for increasing fineness breed and industrialization of embryo transfer.
研究结果表明:本地杂交绵羊非繁殖季节诱导发情处理后能够正常排卵,而且排出的卵子能够正常受精。
建立了本地杂交羊(小尾寒羊♂X东北细毛羊♀)非繁殖季节CIDR+PMSG+HCG的同期发情处理技术程序,发情率90%以上,通过阴道检查法确定撤栓后24～48h为发情高峰,60～70h为适宜配种时机。生产中可以不用试情公羊鉴定直接进行配种。
初步建立了非繁殖季节萨福克、无角道赛特、杜泊羊纯种后代的CIDR+FSH超数排卵处理程序,其超数排卵反应率分别为94.12%、97.56%和94.74%;受精率分别为86.67%、62.96%和86.36%;头均获胚数分别为7.80枚、6.80枚和6.33枚,三个品种羊的平均获胚数为6.89枚,将萨福克、无角道赛特、杜泊羊胚胎移植给经同期发情处理的东北半细毛羊,移植妊娠率分别为71.05%、74.26%和71.43%,三个品种肉羊鲜胚移植平均妊娠率达72.22%。
受体羊对产羔数影响差异不显著(P>0.05);不同体重受体羊对胚胎移植羔羊出生和断奶体重有影响。
本研究结果为加快引进的优良肉羊扩繁、推动胚胎移植技术的产业化步伐提供技术方法、技术路线和试验依据。
Estrus synchronization and mulitiple ovulation are the most determinative component elemen in the domestic animal embryo transfer technique.Therer is very important significance in the stock farming produce of the estrus synchronization , it can be promote the utilize of frozen semen generally,concentrate the undertake artificial insemination,improve domestic animal oestrous cycle and oestrus appearance,as well as increase domestic animal productivity;The crucial point for embryo transfer technique is the same physiological condition of donor and receptor by estrus synchronization in order to offer the normal development physiological environment for embryos.It can reveals the female physiologic adjustment mechanism by control female synchronization of estrus artificially and study its breed physiology.
It can get a great quantity superiority individual embryos by superovu -lation and artificial insemination,and then transfer these embryos to receptors, so superiority genealogy female progeny size increased quickly,at the same time shorten generation interva, enhanced selection intensity ,bring the better female into full play in the breeding,as well as accelerated breeding process in domestic farm animals. Our results indicate that:
Estrus synchronization technique programs of CIDR+PMSG+HCG and CIDR+PMSG were established in the non-breeding seasons about local hybridization caprine.The percentage about local hybridization sheep of estrus was 90 after treated with estrus synchronization, the group A which used ram to examine estrus was 82.5%, the group B which used vaginal examination was 97.5%.
The percentage of pregnancy about the A1+B1 which injected HCG when mated was 94.44%,and the control group was 88.89%,but the distinction was not significantly.The peak time of estrus in the non-breeding seasons appears 24～48h, and the best time of breeding is 60～70h after remove cork by vaginal examination.
In the experiment of mulitiple ovulation ,the treatment sequence used CIDR+PMSG+HCG for the offsprings of pure breed Suffolk, Poll Dorset, and Doper ewes in the non-breeding seasons was established. The percentage of superovulation reaction rate was 94.12%、97.56% and 94.74%, respectively, The percentage of pregnancy was 86.67%、62.96% and 86.36%,the average embyoes number gotten from one was 7.80, 6.80, and6.33, the average embryos number gotten from three species was 6.89. The highest embyos number gotten from Poll Dorset was 20.
The embryos from Suffolk, Poll Dorset, and Doper offsprings were transplanted into northeast fuzz sheep and hybridization sheep treated estrus synchronization,the transplanted pregnancy rate was 71.05%,74.26%, and71.43%, respectively. The fresh embryo conception rate transplanted from three species was 72.22%. Finally 34 northeast fuzz sheep yeaned 55 lambs and 44 hybridization sheep yeaned 66 lambs, but there was no significant difference which came from receptors to yean(P>0.05). This demonstrated that embryo transfer played important role in variety improvement and breeding work.The weight which came from receptor made the different to the the birth and wean weights,the birth and wean weights(65 d) of the kids from big receptors(≥55Kg)were heavier than that from small ones( < 55Kg)(P<0.05),This indicated that the birth weight and developments of the kids related to the recipientsπweight.
As above-mentioned, estrus synchronization, mulitiple ovulation, artificial insemination and embryo transfer were used in the experiments,The aims were investigate main points and operational procedures of those techniques, establish and optimize operating manual of embryo transfe, search for key point of embryo transfe which fit to the northeast, increase the rate of genetic improvement.As well as provided the approach, line and experiment evidence for increasing fineness breed and industrialization of embryo transfer.
引文
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