基于WSN的危化气体应急监测快速部署系统
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摘要
随着社会经济的发展,环境污染事故频频发生,尤其是突发性危化气体污染事故除了给国家带来巨大的财产损失以及生态环境的严重破坏以外,更是给人民群众的生命健康带来严重威胁。因此,为减轻危化气体事故带来的危害与损失,国家环境保护及其他相关部门都在研究相应对策,以实现对事故现场的应急响应。
目前对于突发性危化气体污染事故,虽然应急监测设备满足了应急监测设备的小型化、便携式等要求,但这些监测设备种类繁多且相对分散独立,不具备组建无线通讯网络功能,所以不能将采集的数据有效迅速地传送至现场指挥站以及远程监测管理平台,且环保部门上下级之间以及与其他应急部门之间无法实现事故现场信息的共享,进而很难实现不同部门之间的应急联动响应,为此本文提出了基于无线传感器网络的危化气体应急监测快速部署系统。本论文的主要工作和成果如下:
1.本文详细讨论了基于WSN的危化气体应急监测快速部署系统的方案设计,并分别探讨了该系统的三个组成部分:WSN节点、GPRS数传模块以及监测管理平台,分别给出了相应的详细设计方案。
2.WSN节点采用了TI公司CC2530射频芯片,分别完成了协调器节点和移动终端节点在人机交互模块、数据采集以及通讯接口、天线模块等方面的硬件设计,并进行了节点软件功能上的开发。所设计的节点能够通过数据采集接口与监测设备进行连接,从而可快速将监测设备快速部署到事故现场并构建起一个无线传感器网络,实现对事故现场的数据采集与传输。
3.为进行远距离无线传输本文设计了GPRS数传模块,采用了STC系列单片机和MC37I模块完成了硬件设计,并通过移植协议栈uIP,完成了TCP通信。
4.本文对监测管理平台进行了开发,实现了网络通讯功能,并将事故现场的数据信息实时显示到浏览器,以供浏览查看。同时,该平台采用Web Services技术,实现了事故现场数据以及其他信息的共享,增强了环境保护部门与其他部门应急联动响应。
With the rapid development of economy and society, environmental pollution accidents occurred frequently, especially the risk of abruptness of dangerous chemical gas caused serious damage to people’s property and the ecological environment. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of harm and loss caused by the gas accidents, the State Environmental Protection and other relevant departments are studying countermeasures for achieving the emergency response to the accidents.
At the present time, in the risk of sudden gas pollution incidents, although many monitoring equipments meet the emergency small, portable, etc., but they are independent and relatively dispersed, have no function of setting up wireless network, could not send the collection of data to the scene command post and remote monitoring & management platform and environmental protection departments and other emergency services can not share the accident information, and thus be difficult to implement emergency response among the different departments. So this paper proposes a risk for rapid deployment of emergency monitoring system of dangerous chemical gas based on wireless sensor networks. The thesis work and the results are as follows:
1. This paper discussed risk for rapid deployment of emergency monitoring system of dangerous chemical gas based on WSN, respectively, proposed the corresponding design of each of the three components of the system: WSN node, GPRS transmit module and the monitoring & management platform.
2. The paper adopted the TI CC2530 RF chip to design WSN node, respectively, completed the coordinator node and the mobile terminal node in human-computer interaction, data acquisition and communication interface, the antenna module and other aspects of hardware design .The nodes connected to monitoring equipment could be quickly deployed to the accident scene and built up a wireless sensor network to realize the scene of the accident data collection and transmission.
3. For the purpose of long-distance wireless transmission GPRS transmit module was designed in this paper, using the STC Series MCU and MC37I module completed the hardware design, and through the transplant of uIP protocol stack, completed the TCP communication.
4. The monitoring and management platform was developed in the paper, network communications was implemented, and the accident scene data could be displayed real-time to the browser for browsing. Meanwhile, the platform used Web Services technology to achieve scene of the accident data and other information for sharing, so it could enhance the emergency response between environmental protection departments and other departments.
目前对于突发性危化气体污染事故,虽然应急监测设备满足了应急监测设备的小型化、便携式等要求,但这些监测设备种类繁多且相对分散独立,不具备组建无线通讯网络功能,所以不能将采集的数据有效迅速地传送至现场指挥站以及远程监测管理平台,且环保部门上下级之间以及与其他应急部门之间无法实现事故现场信息的共享,进而很难实现不同部门之间的应急联动响应,为此本文提出了基于无线传感器网络的危化气体应急监测快速部署系统。本论文的主要工作和成果如下:
1.本文详细讨论了基于WSN的危化气体应急监测快速部署系统的方案设计,并分别探讨了该系统的三个组成部分:WSN节点、GPRS数传模块以及监测管理平台,分别给出了相应的详细设计方案。
2.WSN节点采用了TI公司CC2530射频芯片,分别完成了协调器节点和移动终端节点在人机交互模块、数据采集以及通讯接口、天线模块等方面的硬件设计,并进行了节点软件功能上的开发。所设计的节点能够通过数据采集接口与监测设备进行连接,从而可快速将监测设备快速部署到事故现场并构建起一个无线传感器网络,实现对事故现场的数据采集与传输。
3.为进行远距离无线传输本文设计了GPRS数传模块,采用了STC系列单片机和MC37I模块完成了硬件设计,并通过移植协议栈uIP,完成了TCP通信。
4.本文对监测管理平台进行了开发,实现了网络通讯功能,并将事故现场的数据信息实时显示到浏览器,以供浏览查看。同时,该平台采用Web Services技术,实现了事故现场数据以及其他信息的共享,增强了环境保护部门与其他部门应急联动响应。
With the rapid development of economy and society, environmental pollution accidents occurred frequently, especially the risk of abruptness of dangerous chemical gas caused serious damage to people’s property and the ecological environment. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of harm and loss caused by the gas accidents, the State Environmental Protection and other relevant departments are studying countermeasures for achieving the emergency response to the accidents.
At the present time, in the risk of sudden gas pollution incidents, although many monitoring equipments meet the emergency small, portable, etc., but they are independent and relatively dispersed, have no function of setting up wireless network, could not send the collection of data to the scene command post and remote monitoring & management platform and environmental protection departments and other emergency services can not share the accident information, and thus be difficult to implement emergency response among the different departments. So this paper proposes a risk for rapid deployment of emergency monitoring system of dangerous chemical gas based on wireless sensor networks. The thesis work and the results are as follows:
1. This paper discussed risk for rapid deployment of emergency monitoring system of dangerous chemical gas based on WSN, respectively, proposed the corresponding design of each of the three components of the system: WSN node, GPRS transmit module and the monitoring & management platform.
2. The paper adopted the TI CC2530 RF chip to design WSN node, respectively, completed the coordinator node and the mobile terminal node in human-computer interaction, data acquisition and communication interface, the antenna module and other aspects of hardware design .The nodes connected to monitoring equipment could be quickly deployed to the accident scene and built up a wireless sensor network to realize the scene of the accident data collection and transmission.
3. For the purpose of long-distance wireless transmission GPRS transmit module was designed in this paper, using the STC Series MCU and MC37I module completed the hardware design, and through the transplant of uIP protocol stack, completed the TCP communication.
4. The monitoring and management platform was developed in the paper, network communications was implemented, and the accident scene data could be displayed real-time to the browser for browsing. Meanwhile, the platform used Web Services technology to achieve scene of the accident data and other information for sharing, so it could enhance the emergency response between environmental protection departments and other departments.
引文
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[2]宋倩文.危险化学品毒气泄漏事故区域应急疏散的研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学, 2010年5月.
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[4]俞宁,肖军.突发性大气污染事故的应急环境监测[J].中国环境监测, 2009, 13(1): 56-57.
[5]游佐佳,杨立中.突发性环境污染事故应急决策的讨论[J].环境工程, 2010, 28: 373-377
[6]曾锐,向凤红等.基于GIS的含硫气田大气污染预警与应急系统研究[J].计算机应用及软件, 2010, 27(10): 191-194.
[7]许伟.区域危险化学品环境污染事故应急体系构建[D].南京:南京师范大学, 2008年5月.
[8] JINYUAN SUN. Privacy and emergency response in e-healthcare leveraging wireless body sensor networks[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications, Febr,2010, 66-73.
[9] Marco Messina,Yen Yang Lim. Implementing and Validating an Environmental and Health Monitoring System[J]. IEEE Fifth International Conference on Information Technology, 2008, 994-999.
[10] Georgios Kambourakis, Eleni Klaoudatou and Stefanos Gritzalis. Securing Medical Sensor Environments: The CodeBlue Framework Case [J]. IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY, April 2007, 637-641.
[11] Ashok-Kumar Chandra-Sekaran, Anthony Nwokafor, Per Johansson . ZigBee Sensor Network for Patient Localization and Air TemperatureMonitoring During Emergency Response to Crisis [J]. IEEE Computer Society, 2008,233-239.
[12] Azzedine Boukerche. A Necessary Public Security and Safety Testbed for an Urban Emergency Preparedness class of applications [J]. IEEE Computer Systems and Applications,2010, 1-6.
[13] J. Wilson, V. Bhargava. A Wireless Sensor Network and Incident Command Interface for Urban Firefighting[J]. Fourth Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems: Networking&Services (MobiQuitous), 2007, 1-7.
[14] Yu-Chee Tseng, Meng-Shiuan Pan, Yuen-Yung Tsai. A Distributed Emergency Navigation Algorithm for Wireless Sensor[J]. IEEE Computer Society, 2006, 39(7): 55-62
[15]朱睿,杨裕欢,薛国凡.基于无线传感器网络应急通信系统的探析[J].中国安防, 2009, (4):101-103.
[16]万晓榆,孙三山,卢安文.我国特大自然灾害下的应急通信管理探讨[J].重庆邮电大学学报(社会科学版), 2009, 21(1): 29-34.
[17]黄华,武彦军.无线传感器网络在应急监测和通信系统中的应用研究[J].科学技术与工程, 2009, 9(13): 3836-3839.
[18]朱睿.基于无线传感器网络的应急通信系统[J].电信工程技术与标准化, 2009, 22(6): 53-57.
[19]张秀菊,曲国臣,张新华.基于无线传感器网络的危险品灾难应急救援系统[J].港口科技-信息化技术, 2009, (12): 21-24.
[20]纪鹏,吴成东.无线传感器网络在建筑灾难救援中的应用[J].计算机测量与控制, 2007, 15(12): 1785-1788.
[21]张燕燕.基于无线传感器网络的矿井应急通信系统的研究[J].工矿自动化, 2008, (4): 71-73.
[22]伍园园,刘良.基于无线传感器网络的应急响应系统设计[J].通信技术, 2009, 7 (42): 175-177.
[23]何鹏举.基于Web Service的无线网络传感器节点的研究[J].传感技术学报, 2009, 2(11): 137-139.
[24] C.Becher,P.Kaul,J.Mitrovics,J,Warmer. The detection of evaporating hazardous material released from moving sources using a gas sensor network[J]. Elsevier:Sensors and Actuators B:Chemical.December 2009, 2(146): 513-520.
[25]李文峰,褚伟.基于网络平台的矿用便携式氧气浓度检测仪[J].煤矿安全, 2009, (413): 54-55.
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