榆林地区青少年篮球运动发展现状研究
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摘要
本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法等多种研究方法,以榆林地区20所普通中学篮球运动后备人才和体育教师为研究对象,对其场地器材、学生的参与和家长支持程度、体育教师的业务水平、学校支持程度、运行机制、以及企业参与程度进行了调查与分析。
一、调查发现当前榆林地区青少年篮球运动人才培养的现状是；榆林地区普通学校大部分是硬件设施如场地器材较少,没有足够程度场地和器材供学生参加训练和比赛。榆林地区学生对篮球运动的热情非常高,但是训练时间不足,训练水平不高,参加比赛机会少,出路较窄加之家长和升学的内部压力较大。是榆林地区篮球运动水平一直难以提高的主要因素之一。体育教师的学历、职称结构较为合理,为榆林地区篮球运动水平的提高奠定基础和前提。但因教师参加工作的途径不一样,工作前的运动经历普遍比较低,工资福利待遇地域差异大,执行训练计划和青少年篮球训练大纲不足,因而导致榆林地区篮球运动水平止步不前。学校以升学为目的,对篮球关注程度下降,因而投入较少。其资金来源渠道又少,所以导致资金不充足,没有力量来保证篮球运动又快又好的发展。榆林地区青少年篮球运动竞赛体制不健全,其竞赛体制没有起到检验和提高训练成绩的效果。榆林地区企业大都是民营企业,因而参与学生的日常训练和参与比赛的态度一般,投资不合理,没有起到对榆林地区青少年篮球运动的催化和激励效果。
二、榆林地区青少年篮球运动人才培养工作的建议是；多方面,多渠道的吸纳社会资金,积极改善和提高硬件设施和基础物质条件,提高人均场地数,供大多数学生参加训练和比赛。应淡化家长和学生的传统体育意识,学校的场地应对学生免费开放,提高训练水平,增加学生参赛机会,强化现代体育意识。每年设有固定的比赛,开设篮球教练员培训班,缩小福利待遇的差距,重视运动管理人员和体育教师队伍建设,有计划、有步骤地提高体育教师科学化训练程度。对新形势下篮球运动发展的认识应加强,加大对篮球运动的关注度,保证有教师和学生来训练和比赛,放开资金来源渠道,保证篮球运动又快又好的发展。应充分发挥竞赛的轴心和杠杆作用,增加比赛场次和场数。赛制形式可以灵活运用。以赛代练,以赛促练,赋予了运动竞赛更多的内涵,实现训练层次连接良性运作。通过政府出面,坚持让企业搞一些以青少年为主的比赛,让企业的投资更加合理更加有持续性。强化社会各界大士的现代体育理念,加强校企合作,弘扬体育文化。
This paper adopts many kinds of research methods, such as the literature material method, expert interviewing, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics and logic analysis and so on. Taking the basketball backup talents and sports teachers in the 20 ordinary high schools in Yulin Prefecture as the research object, it makes an investigation and analysis for their basketball grounds and equipment, the degree of the students'participation and parents'support, sports teachers'professional level, schools'support degree, operating system, and enterprise's participation degree.
Firstly, the investigation finds that the Present situation of the teenagers' basketball personnel training in Yulin area is:most schools in Yulin area are lack of playing grounds and facilities, which are fundamental to students'training and competing. The students'enthusiasm to basketball is high. However, the training time is insufficient; the training is inefficient; the opportunity for competing is limited; and the students'outlet is narrow. What's worse, the pressure from the entrance examination and parents is immense. This is one of the main factors why the basketball game in Yulin area can not be improved all along. Sports teachers' academic degrees and professional title structures are reasonable, which lays the foundations for the development of Yulin basketball game. However, sports teachers' learning backgrounds are quite different; their sports experiences before teaching are limited; their wages and welfare treatments in different regions are quite different; the executing training plan and the training syllabus of them is ineffective. Thus, the basketball in Yulin goes no further. Under the pressure of entrance examinations, all schools pay little attention to basketball so that their investments in basketball are not enough. The source of fund channels is few and the money used in basketball is insufficient. Thus, the basketball can not develop quickly and well. The operating system and competition system of teenagers'basketball in Yu Lin area are not perfect, whose competition system can not help to check and improve the training result. Most of the enterprises in Yulin are private ones, and their competition attitude is not positive. Thus, their investment in basketball is unreasonable, which does not have a positive effect on the development of teenagers'basketball in Yulin area.
Secondly, the following are the strategies to foster teenage basketball personnel's in Yulin:raising social funds through various channels to improve the quality of basic facilities; improving the amount of per capital basketball ground to meet the demand of most students'training and competing, strengthening the modern sports mind of the parents and students instead of the traditional one; opening all schools'basketball grounds freely to all students; improving the training level; giving students more opportunities to compete in basketball game; holding regular basketball game every year; improving training courses for basketball coaches; reducing the gap of different welfare treatments; paying much attention to building up sports management personnel and sports teaching staff, and according to the plan, promoting the scientific training level of the sports teachers step by step; realizing the importance of present basketball development; paying much attention to the basketball game; ensuring the participation of teachers and students; decontrolling the source of fund channels; pledging to develop basketball game quickly and well; maximize the actions of axis or level in basketball competition; increasing the amounts of basketball competition; arranging the competition form flexibly; replacing the training by competition and using the completion to stimulate the training to enlarge the connotation of basketball competition, so that the different levels of training will work in concert with each other. With the help of government's interference, calling on enterprises to support some teenager's basketball games; making the enterprises'investments more reasonable and more sustained; intensifying the idea of the modern sports in various social communities, promoting the cooperation among schools and enterprises, so that the sports culture will carried forward.
一、调查发现当前榆林地区青少年篮球运动人才培养的现状是；榆林地区普通学校大部分是硬件设施如场地器材较少,没有足够程度场地和器材供学生参加训练和比赛。榆林地区学生对篮球运动的热情非常高,但是训练时间不足,训练水平不高,参加比赛机会少,出路较窄加之家长和升学的内部压力较大。是榆林地区篮球运动水平一直难以提高的主要因素之一。体育教师的学历、职称结构较为合理,为榆林地区篮球运动水平的提高奠定基础和前提。但因教师参加工作的途径不一样,工作前的运动经历普遍比较低,工资福利待遇地域差异大,执行训练计划和青少年篮球训练大纲不足,因而导致榆林地区篮球运动水平止步不前。学校以升学为目的,对篮球关注程度下降,因而投入较少。其资金来源渠道又少,所以导致资金不充足,没有力量来保证篮球运动又快又好的发展。榆林地区青少年篮球运动竞赛体制不健全,其竞赛体制没有起到检验和提高训练成绩的效果。榆林地区企业大都是民营企业,因而参与学生的日常训练和参与比赛的态度一般,投资不合理,没有起到对榆林地区青少年篮球运动的催化和激励效果。
二、榆林地区青少年篮球运动人才培养工作的建议是；多方面,多渠道的吸纳社会资金,积极改善和提高硬件设施和基础物质条件,提高人均场地数,供大多数学生参加训练和比赛。应淡化家长和学生的传统体育意识,学校的场地应对学生免费开放,提高训练水平,增加学生参赛机会,强化现代体育意识。每年设有固定的比赛,开设篮球教练员培训班,缩小福利待遇的差距,重视运动管理人员和体育教师队伍建设,有计划、有步骤地提高体育教师科学化训练程度。对新形势下篮球运动发展的认识应加强,加大对篮球运动的关注度,保证有教师和学生来训练和比赛,放开资金来源渠道,保证篮球运动又快又好的发展。应充分发挥竞赛的轴心和杠杆作用,增加比赛场次和场数。赛制形式可以灵活运用。以赛代练,以赛促练,赋予了运动竞赛更多的内涵,实现训练层次连接良性运作。通过政府出面,坚持让企业搞一些以青少年为主的比赛,让企业的投资更加合理更加有持续性。强化社会各界大士的现代体育理念,加强校企合作,弘扬体育文化。
This paper adopts many kinds of research methods, such as the literature material method, expert interviewing, questionnaire survey, mathematical statistics and logic analysis and so on. Taking the basketball backup talents and sports teachers in the 20 ordinary high schools in Yulin Prefecture as the research object, it makes an investigation and analysis for their basketball grounds and equipment, the degree of the students'participation and parents'support, sports teachers'professional level, schools'support degree, operating system, and enterprise's participation degree.
Firstly, the investigation finds that the Present situation of the teenagers' basketball personnel training in Yulin area is:most schools in Yulin area are lack of playing grounds and facilities, which are fundamental to students'training and competing. The students'enthusiasm to basketball is high. However, the training time is insufficient; the training is inefficient; the opportunity for competing is limited; and the students'outlet is narrow. What's worse, the pressure from the entrance examination and parents is immense. This is one of the main factors why the basketball game in Yulin area can not be improved all along. Sports teachers' academic degrees and professional title structures are reasonable, which lays the foundations for the development of Yulin basketball game. However, sports teachers' learning backgrounds are quite different; their sports experiences before teaching are limited; their wages and welfare treatments in different regions are quite different; the executing training plan and the training syllabus of them is ineffective. Thus, the basketball in Yulin goes no further. Under the pressure of entrance examinations, all schools pay little attention to basketball so that their investments in basketball are not enough. The source of fund channels is few and the money used in basketball is insufficient. Thus, the basketball can not develop quickly and well. The operating system and competition system of teenagers'basketball in Yu Lin area are not perfect, whose competition system can not help to check and improve the training result. Most of the enterprises in Yulin are private ones, and their competition attitude is not positive. Thus, their investment in basketball is unreasonable, which does not have a positive effect on the development of teenagers'basketball in Yulin area.
Secondly, the following are the strategies to foster teenage basketball personnel's in Yulin:raising social funds through various channels to improve the quality of basic facilities; improving the amount of per capital basketball ground to meet the demand of most students'training and competing, strengthening the modern sports mind of the parents and students instead of the traditional one; opening all schools'basketball grounds freely to all students; improving the training level; giving students more opportunities to compete in basketball game; holding regular basketball game every year; improving training courses for basketball coaches; reducing the gap of different welfare treatments; paying much attention to building up sports management personnel and sports teaching staff, and according to the plan, promoting the scientific training level of the sports teachers step by step; realizing the importance of present basketball development; paying much attention to the basketball game; ensuring the participation of teachers and students; decontrolling the source of fund channels; pledging to develop basketball game quickly and well; maximize the actions of axis or level in basketball competition; increasing the amounts of basketball competition; arranging the competition form flexibly; replacing the training by competition and using the completion to stimulate the training to enlarge the connotation of basketball competition, so that the different levels of training will work in concert with each other. With the help of government's interference, calling on enterprises to support some teenager's basketball games; making the enterprises'investments more reasonable and more sustained; intensifying the idea of the modern sports in various social communities, promoting the cooperation among schools and enterprises, so that the sports culture will carried forward.
引文
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