地铁列车运行仿真及策略优化
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摘要
随着我国城市规模的扩大,交通拥堵成为目前制约城市发展的关键因素,地铁作为解决城市交通问题的一种途径也被越来越多的城市采用。随之而来的地铁能耗以及乘客舒适等问题,受到广泛的关注和研究。本文研究地铁列车设计和列车运行策略,并将“人”的因素考虑进去,使地铁列车设计和运行策略更加人性化。
主要研究内容如下：
研究国内外地铁列车人机工程设计原则、牵引计算和列车优化运行策略、客流预测模型以及乘客舒适度评价指标。提出一种满足乘客过弯舒适度和客流预测模型的列车运行策略制定方法。
介绍人机工程学基本原理,并在CATIA V5软件中建立地铁列车实体模型,利用其自带的人机工程模块分析乘客坐姿与站姿的视野情况,利用姿态评分系统确定列车内部相关设备的安放位置,并采用镜面反射法对车窗做镜面视野分析。
探讨现阶段地铁列车站间运行模式,结合单质点地铁列车受力模型,并参考机车操纵规程,对利用单质点牵引计算算法得到的列车运行V-S图(距离-速度图)做曲线缓和,使其更加满足列车实际运行效果。建立站间优化运行策略目标函数(包含能耗、时间和准确停站三个指标),利用遗传算法进行优化,得到站间惰性点位置。
研究乘客舒适度评价指标,针对地铁列车实际情况,着重考虑列车过弯对乘客的影响。并利用UIC513标准中的站姿舒适度计算公式和简化计算公式对线路各弯道进行过弯舒适度分析,制定满足乘客过弯舒适度的站间运行策略,从而得到整条线路各站间优化运行策略,仿真并绘制出全线路列车运行图。
研究客流预测模型,将地铁运营时间分为高峰、平峰、低峰三个时间段,建立乘客拥挤度模型,制定乘客满意度和能耗满意度评价指标,依据两个指标建立站间列车最高运行速度优化目标函数,利用遗传算法对目标函数进行优化求解,基于各站间最高速度仿真并绘制全线列车运行图。
With the expansion of the scale of the city in recent years, the traffic congestion has become the key factors restricting the development of the city, and the subway as the optimal solution to the urban traffic problem has also been more and more adopted. Then some problems have emerged, such as energy consumption, passenger comfortableness. In this thesis, research on the design of metro train and train operation strategy, as to make the subway train design and operation strategy more humane by putting the "people" factors into consideration.
It mainly includes:
The current situation in ergonomic, such as traction calculation, train optimization straregy, passenger flow prediction model and the passenger comfortableness evaluation, is reasearched. Then the train operation strategies which meet the passenger comfortableness and passenger flow prediction model are proposed.
The basic principle of ergonomics is introduced, the subway train model is established by CATIA V5software, the passengers sitting posture and the view of the situation by its own ergonomic module are analysed in CATIA V5.Then the placement of internal equipment in train is determined by gesture scoring system.At last, a mirror view is analysed by mirror method.
The subway trains operation model is discussed, which combine with the elemental point subway train model and control procedures of locomotive. Then curve ease is done which based on the train operation simulation algorithm at present for making it closing to the actual situation. As to optimize function of operation strategy between the stations (expectation on the energy,time saving and accurate stop) by using GA.At last, the optimization conating point between stations is obtained.
The passenger comfortableness evaluation is reasearched, in view of the subway train practice and the influence of the train and passengers. The comfortableness in each corner by standing posture comfortableness and simplified calculation formula in the standard of UIC513is analysed. As to meet the passenger comfortableness at each corner, operation strategies are established. Then the whole line optimal operation strategy between stations is obtained.
The passenger flow prediction model is reasearched.The metro operation time is divided into peak, flat peak and low peak. Then the passenger crowded model is established which contain passenger and energy consumption satisfaction evaluation index, target function between stations concerning the highest speed of trains is structured, the highest speed between stations is optimized by using GA. At last, a full line of train station based on the highest speed in each station is simulated.
主要研究内容如下：
研究国内外地铁列车人机工程设计原则、牵引计算和列车优化运行策略、客流预测模型以及乘客舒适度评价指标。提出一种满足乘客过弯舒适度和客流预测模型的列车运行策略制定方法。
介绍人机工程学基本原理,并在CATIA V5软件中建立地铁列车实体模型,利用其自带的人机工程模块分析乘客坐姿与站姿的视野情况,利用姿态评分系统确定列车内部相关设备的安放位置,并采用镜面反射法对车窗做镜面视野分析。
探讨现阶段地铁列车站间运行模式,结合单质点地铁列车受力模型,并参考机车操纵规程,对利用单质点牵引计算算法得到的列车运行V-S图(距离-速度图)做曲线缓和,使其更加满足列车实际运行效果。建立站间优化运行策略目标函数(包含能耗、时间和准确停站三个指标),利用遗传算法进行优化,得到站间惰性点位置。
研究乘客舒适度评价指标,针对地铁列车实际情况,着重考虑列车过弯对乘客的影响。并利用UIC513标准中的站姿舒适度计算公式和简化计算公式对线路各弯道进行过弯舒适度分析,制定满足乘客过弯舒适度的站间运行策略,从而得到整条线路各站间优化运行策略,仿真并绘制出全线路列车运行图。
研究客流预测模型,将地铁运营时间分为高峰、平峰、低峰三个时间段,建立乘客拥挤度模型,制定乘客满意度和能耗满意度评价指标,依据两个指标建立站间列车最高运行速度优化目标函数,利用遗传算法对目标函数进行优化求解,基于各站间最高速度仿真并绘制全线列车运行图。
With the expansion of the scale of the city in recent years, the traffic congestion has become the key factors restricting the development of the city, and the subway as the optimal solution to the urban traffic problem has also been more and more adopted. Then some problems have emerged, such as energy consumption, passenger comfortableness. In this thesis, research on the design of metro train and train operation strategy, as to make the subway train design and operation strategy more humane by putting the "people" factors into consideration.
It mainly includes:
The current situation in ergonomic, such as traction calculation, train optimization straregy, passenger flow prediction model and the passenger comfortableness evaluation, is reasearched. Then the train operation strategies which meet the passenger comfortableness and passenger flow prediction model are proposed.
The basic principle of ergonomics is introduced, the subway train model is established by CATIA V5software, the passengers sitting posture and the view of the situation by its own ergonomic module are analysed in CATIA V5.Then the placement of internal equipment in train is determined by gesture scoring system.At last, a mirror view is analysed by mirror method.
The subway trains operation model is discussed, which combine with the elemental point subway train model and control procedures of locomotive. Then curve ease is done which based on the train operation simulation algorithm at present for making it closing to the actual situation. As to optimize function of operation strategy between the stations (expectation on the energy,time saving and accurate stop) by using GA.At last, the optimization conating point between stations is obtained.
The passenger comfortableness evaluation is reasearched, in view of the subway train practice and the influence of the train and passengers. The comfortableness in each corner by standing posture comfortableness and simplified calculation formula in the standard of UIC513is analysed. As to meet the passenger comfortableness at each corner, operation strategies are established. Then the whole line optimal operation strategy between stations is obtained.
The passenger flow prediction model is reasearched.The metro operation time is divided into peak, flat peak and low peak. Then the passenger crowded model is established which contain passenger and energy consumption satisfaction evaluation index, target function between stations concerning the highest speed of trains is structured, the highest speed between stations is optimized by using GA. At last, a full line of train station based on the highest speed in each station is simulated.
引文
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