水的太赫兹谱测量
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摘要
水是自然界广泛存在的物质,尽管其分子结构十分简单,但却有着奇特的物理和热力学性质。水分子与氢键相互作用形成了复杂的多体系统,该系统与太赫兹波相互作用会有较强的吸收,因而太赫兹光谱对于研究水的特性有很大的帮助。太赫兹时域光谱技术以其宽带宽、高信噪比、高时间分辨率及良好的相干性等独特的优势在许多研究领域中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本论文利用太赫兹时域光谱技术,实验测量了液态水和冰在不同温度下的吸收系数和折射率,对于理解水的结构和热力学性质,具有重要的基础研究和实际应用价值。
本文对常见的太赫兹产生及探测方法做了简要的总结,对THz时域光谱技术作了详细的描述,设计了实验方案并测量了水在不同温度下的太赫兹光谱。提出了利用冰透射波形的时间延迟间接测量水样品厚度的实验方案,克服了采用透射方法测量水在太赫兹波段光学常数所面临的主要困难。水在太赫兹波段有着广泛的吸收,除了理论预言的在60cm?1附近的吸收峰,没有其他共振吸收峰的存在。实验结果与文献发表的水在太赫兹波段的光学常数一致,验证了太赫兹时域光谱技术的有效性。实验还测量了冰以及冰水混合物在太赫兹波段的光学常数,补充了液态水的测量数据,为进一步的理论和实验研究提供了参考。
Water is a kind of ubiquitous liquid on earth, which has some peculiar characteristics in physics and thermodynamics, though H2O molecule is very simple. A many-body system is formed by the interaction between water molecule and hydrogen-bond. Terahertz wave would be greatly absorbed by this system, so it will help us study the characteristics of water to measure the spectrum of water in terahertz (THz) domain. THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been playing a more and more important role in many research areas due to its particular advantages such as broadband detection, high signal-to-noise ratio, high time resolution and phase coherent detection. We obtain the absorption coefficient and refraction index of water using THz-TDS technology, and the result will be valuable to study on the structural and thermodynamic properties of water.
The most popular method of terahertz generation and detection is summarized, and THz time-domain spectroscopy system is described detailedly as well as our experiment scheme. Besides, we obtain the spectrum of water in terahertz domain at different temperatures. We propose a method to measure the thickness of water membrane using the terahertz transmission wave form through ice, which solves the difficult problem in the transmission spectroscopy. The result, which is in good agreement with references, shows that terahertz wave is absorbed in all THz range, and has no resonant absorption peak except the one nearby 60 cm-1. Besides, we obtain the terahertz spectrum of ice and mixture of water and ice.
本文对常见的太赫兹产生及探测方法做了简要的总结,对THz时域光谱技术作了详细的描述,设计了实验方案并测量了水在不同温度下的太赫兹光谱。提出了利用冰透射波形的时间延迟间接测量水样品厚度的实验方案,克服了采用透射方法测量水在太赫兹波段光学常数所面临的主要困难。水在太赫兹波段有着广泛的吸收,除了理论预言的在60cm?1附近的吸收峰,没有其他共振吸收峰的存在。实验结果与文献发表的水在太赫兹波段的光学常数一致,验证了太赫兹时域光谱技术的有效性。实验还测量了冰以及冰水混合物在太赫兹波段的光学常数,补充了液态水的测量数据,为进一步的理论和实验研究提供了参考。
Water is a kind of ubiquitous liquid on earth, which has some peculiar characteristics in physics and thermodynamics, though H2O molecule is very simple. A many-body system is formed by the interaction between water molecule and hydrogen-bond. Terahertz wave would be greatly absorbed by this system, so it will help us study the characteristics of water to measure the spectrum of water in terahertz (THz) domain. THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been playing a more and more important role in many research areas due to its particular advantages such as broadband detection, high signal-to-noise ratio, high time resolution and phase coherent detection. We obtain the absorption coefficient and refraction index of water using THz-TDS technology, and the result will be valuable to study on the structural and thermodynamic properties of water.
The most popular method of terahertz generation and detection is summarized, and THz time-domain spectroscopy system is described detailedly as well as our experiment scheme. Besides, we obtain the spectrum of water in terahertz domain at different temperatures. We propose a method to measure the thickness of water membrane using the terahertz transmission wave form through ice, which solves the difficult problem in the transmission spectroscopy. The result, which is in good agreement with references, shows that terahertz wave is absorbed in all THz range, and has no resonant absorption peak except the one nearby 60 cm-1. Besides, we obtain the terahertz spectrum of ice and mixture of water and ice.
引文
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[14] P. U. Jepsen, R. H. Jacobsen, S. R. Keiding, Generation and detection ofterahertz pulses from biased semiconductor antennas [J]. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 1996, 13(11): 2424~2436
[15] S. L. Chuang, S. Schmitt-Rink, B. I. Greene et al, Optical rectification at semiconductor surfaces [J]. Physical Review Letters, 1992, 68(1): 102~105
[16] W. Shi, Y. J. Ding, N. Fernelius, et al, Efficient, tunable, and coherent 0.18-5.27-THz source based on GaSe crystal [J]. Optics Letters, 2002, 27(16): 1454~1456
[17] K. Imai, K. Kawase, J. Shikata, Injection-seeded terahertz-wave parametric oscillator [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2001, 78(8): 1026~1028
[18] M. Theuer, G. Torosyan, C. Rau et al, Efficient generation of Cherenkov-type terahertz radiation from a lithium niobate crystal with a silicon prism output coupler [J]. Applied Physic Letters, 2006, 88: 071122
[19] K.–L. Yeh, M. C. Hoffmann, J. Hebling et al, Generation of 10μJ ultrashort terahertz pulses by optical rectification [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2007, 90: 171121
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