PRRSV不同毒株对仔猪致病性比较及其灭活疫苗免疫效果观察
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摘要
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(Porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)是以母猪繁殖障碍、仔猪呼吸道症状为主要特征的具有高度传染性的病毒病。该病1987年最早发现于美国,目前该病在我国大部分地区已经广泛流行。不同时间不同地区分离的毒株其致病性有所不同。目前该病给我国当前的养猪业带来了非常严重的危害,但尚无有效的防制方法。2006年,在我国南方地区暴发了以高致病性PRRSV为主要病原的以高热、高发病率为特征的传染病,本实验室在流行病原调查的基础上分离获得一株PRRSV SY0608高变异株。本文进一步评价了该变异毒株的致病特性并研制出了针对高致病性PRRSV的灭活疫苗,以期获得比较理想的免疫效果。
PRRSV不同分离株对仔猪致病性的比较研究:本研究采用11头30日龄PRRSV阴性仔猪,随机分为3组。第一组5头接种S1毒株,第二组4头接种SY0608毒株,第三组2头作为空白对照。攻毒后通过观察临床症状、病理学变化和病毒在组织中的分布,进一步研究该高变异病毒株对仔猪的致病特性。结果为:(1)SY0608毒株感染组仔猪表现明显临床症状,接种3天后体温急剧升高至41.8℃;白细胞数急剧减少(降低了45%);病理学变化严重,肺泡膈增宽,大部分肺组织肺泡不张;而S1株感染组仔猪仅出现轻微临床症状和病理变化。(2)SY0608毒株感染组仔猪病毒血症持续时间较S1毒株感染组长,病毒在脏器中的分布更为广泛。(3)SY0608株感染组血清ELISA抗体水平明显高于S1株感染组。结果表明SY0608毒株对仔猪致病作用要明显强于S1毒株
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗制备与免疫效果观察:本研究选用本实验室分离鉴定的PRRSV-SY0608强毒株病毒液,分别采用细菌多糖和白油为佐剂制成油乳剂PRRS灭活疫苗。采用商品化仔猪进行免疫保护试验,二免后3周用SY0608强毒株攻毒。结果为:(1)PRRSV白油佐剂灭活疫苗免疫后35天,用同源PRRSV强毒攻击,其临床症状病理变化与非免疫攻毒对照组无明显差异。(2)PRRSV-多糖白油佐剂灭活苗免疫组间隔3周,加强免疫,结果ELISA抗体则有明显升高。非免疫对照组仔猪出现明显临床症状病理变化,免疫组仔猪也出现临床症状,但症状轻微,病程缩短,病理学变化也明显轻微,病毒血症,鼻、肛排毒及不同组织中PRRSV阳性率则无显著差别。
本研究结果表明SY0608毒株致病性明显强于十年前我国分离的传统毒株S1,其组织嗜性明显广泛;通过免疫保护试验证实,该研究制备的PRRSV-多糖白油佐剂灭活疫苗具有一定保护作用,其免疫保护效果优于PRRSV白油佐剂灭活疫苗仍不是很理想,需进一步改进。
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS),first recognised in the USA in 1987, is characterised by respiratory disease in young pigs and severe reproductive failure in sows, includeing abortion, stillbirths and weak piglets. The virus has spread widely in China and considerable pathogenicity variation has been identified from different regions. Since June 2006 ,herds of pigs in the Mid-Eastern region of China have experienced recent outbreaks of a severe form of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) characterised by high fever and morbidity and mortality in animals of different ages. Here, we isolated a new strain of PRRSV with high pathogenicity. Even though several PRRSV vaccines are available, control of the disease remains difficult.
In order to evaluate the different pathogenicity between the strain SY0608 (the latest isolated strain of PRRSV) and the traditional strain S1, 30 days old post-weaning piglets were separated into 3 groups randomly and infected with these two kinds of virus respectively (5 infected with S1 strain and 4 infected with SY strain,2 used as empty control). After challenge the clinical signs, pathological, etiology and serology were examined for two weeks .The results showed that the pigs in the PRRSV SY0608 strain group had cause severe clinical signs, increased rectal temperature up to 41.8℃rapidly,and showed a dramatic decrease in white blood cell and severe pathological consequences. Mean while a significantly high level of viremia and viral load in tissues in the group of SY0608 was maintained more highly and extensively compared to those in S1 group.In addition ,SY0608 infection group produced a higher level ELISA antibody response than the S1 strain. It showed that Virulent PRRSV SY0608 had a markedly stronger pathogenicity than strain S1.
Two different inactivated vaccines of PRRSV were made with strain SY0608 (the latest isolated strain of PRRSV) . Piglets were randomly divided into three groups, one group was served as challege control ,the other two groups were vaccinated with PRRSV inactivated vaccine, PRRSV-lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine, respectively. After 21 days post immuniziation, each pig was challenged with virulent strain of PRRSV SY0608. The results indicated that the pigs in the control group and PRRSV-inactivated vaccine group all had severe clinical signs and severe pathological consequences. But pigs in the PRRSV-lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine group had a lower level of clinical signs and pathological consequences comparised with those in other grouus.There was no significantly high level of viraemia period and viral load in tissues between the groups.It indicated that PRRSV-lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine could provide higher protective efficiency than the usually PRRSV inactivated vaccine. The bacterial lipopolysaccharide could be used as adjuvant to improve the effect of PRRSV inactivated vaccine. PRRSV- lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine might take parts of role in preventing and control of highly pathogenic PRRSV infection in pigs.
PRRSV不同分离株对仔猪致病性的比较研究:本研究采用11头30日龄PRRSV阴性仔猪,随机分为3组。第一组5头接种S1毒株,第二组4头接种SY0608毒株,第三组2头作为空白对照。攻毒后通过观察临床症状、病理学变化和病毒在组织中的分布,进一步研究该高变异病毒株对仔猪的致病特性。结果为:(1)SY0608毒株感染组仔猪表现明显临床症状,接种3天后体温急剧升高至41.8℃;白细胞数急剧减少(降低了45%);病理学变化严重,肺泡膈增宽,大部分肺组织肺泡不张;而S1株感染组仔猪仅出现轻微临床症状和病理变化。(2)SY0608毒株感染组仔猪病毒血症持续时间较S1毒株感染组长,病毒在脏器中的分布更为广泛。(3)SY0608株感染组血清ELISA抗体水平明显高于S1株感染组。结果表明SY0608毒株对仔猪致病作用要明显强于S1毒株
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗制备与免疫效果观察:本研究选用本实验室分离鉴定的PRRSV-SY0608强毒株病毒液,分别采用细菌多糖和白油为佐剂制成油乳剂PRRS灭活疫苗。采用商品化仔猪进行免疫保护试验,二免后3周用SY0608强毒株攻毒。结果为:(1)PRRSV白油佐剂灭活疫苗免疫后35天,用同源PRRSV强毒攻击,其临床症状病理变化与非免疫攻毒对照组无明显差异。(2)PRRSV-多糖白油佐剂灭活苗免疫组间隔3周,加强免疫,结果ELISA抗体则有明显升高。非免疫对照组仔猪出现明显临床症状病理变化,免疫组仔猪也出现临床症状,但症状轻微,病程缩短,病理学变化也明显轻微,病毒血症,鼻、肛排毒及不同组织中PRRSV阳性率则无显著差别。
本研究结果表明SY0608毒株致病性明显强于十年前我国分离的传统毒株S1,其组织嗜性明显广泛;通过免疫保护试验证实,该研究制备的PRRSV-多糖白油佐剂灭活疫苗具有一定保护作用,其免疫保护效果优于PRRSV白油佐剂灭活疫苗仍不是很理想,需进一步改进。
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS),first recognised in the USA in 1987, is characterised by respiratory disease in young pigs and severe reproductive failure in sows, includeing abortion, stillbirths and weak piglets. The virus has spread widely in China and considerable pathogenicity variation has been identified from different regions. Since June 2006 ,herds of pigs in the Mid-Eastern region of China have experienced recent outbreaks of a severe form of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) characterised by high fever and morbidity and mortality in animals of different ages. Here, we isolated a new strain of PRRSV with high pathogenicity. Even though several PRRSV vaccines are available, control of the disease remains difficult.
In order to evaluate the different pathogenicity between the strain SY0608 (the latest isolated strain of PRRSV) and the traditional strain S1, 30 days old post-weaning piglets were separated into 3 groups randomly and infected with these two kinds of virus respectively (5 infected with S1 strain and 4 infected with SY strain,2 used as empty control). After challenge the clinical signs, pathological, etiology and serology were examined for two weeks .The results showed that the pigs in the PRRSV SY0608 strain group had cause severe clinical signs, increased rectal temperature up to 41.8℃rapidly,and showed a dramatic decrease in white blood cell and severe pathological consequences. Mean while a significantly high level of viremia and viral load in tissues in the group of SY0608 was maintained more highly and extensively compared to those in S1 group.In addition ,SY0608 infection group produced a higher level ELISA antibody response than the S1 strain. It showed that Virulent PRRSV SY0608 had a markedly stronger pathogenicity than strain S1.
Two different inactivated vaccines of PRRSV were made with strain SY0608 (the latest isolated strain of PRRSV) . Piglets were randomly divided into three groups, one group was served as challege control ,the other two groups were vaccinated with PRRSV inactivated vaccine, PRRSV-lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine, respectively. After 21 days post immuniziation, each pig was challenged with virulent strain of PRRSV SY0608. The results indicated that the pigs in the control group and PRRSV-inactivated vaccine group all had severe clinical signs and severe pathological consequences. But pigs in the PRRSV-lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine group had a lower level of clinical signs and pathological consequences comparised with those in other grouus.There was no significantly high level of viraemia period and viral load in tissues between the groups.It indicated that PRRSV-lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine could provide higher protective efficiency than the usually PRRSV inactivated vaccine. The bacterial lipopolysaccharide could be used as adjuvant to improve the effect of PRRSV inactivated vaccine. PRRSV- lipopolysaccharide inactivated vaccine might take parts of role in preventing and control of highly pathogenic PRRSV infection in pigs.
引文
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[1]蔡宝祥家畜传染病学[J].第4版.北京:中国农业出版社,2001:211-213
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[3]童光志,周艳君,田志军,等.高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离鉴定及其分子流行病学分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,2007,(5):323-328.
[4]王兴龙,姜平,李玉峰,等.1株临床高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与鉴定[J].畜牧与兽医,2007,(8):12-18.
[5]Yufeng Li,Xinglong Wang,Kuntao Bo.Emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the Mid-Eastern region of China[J].The Veterinary Journal,2007,(174):577-584
[6]殷震,刘景华.动物病毒学[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,1997:452-455.
[7]吴家强,姜平,蔡宝祥,等.猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒Resp株单克隆抗体的研制[J].畜牧与兽医,2003,(2):1-5.
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[1]蔡宝祥家畜传染病学[M].第4版.北京:中国农业出版社,2001:211-213
[2]童光志,周艳君,等.高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离鉴定及其分子流行病学分析[J].中国预防兽医学报,2007,(5):323-328.
[3]殷震,刘景华.动物病毒学[M].第2版.北京:科学出版社,1997:452-455.
[4]王兴龙,李玉峰,等.1株临床高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离与鉴定[J].畜牧与兽医,2007,(8):12-18.
[5]Yufeng Li,Xinglong Wang,Kuntao Bo.Emergence of a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the Mid-Eastern region of China[J].The Veterinary Journal,2007,(174):577-584
[6]吴家强,姜平,等.猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒Resp株单克隆抗体的研制[J].畜牧与兽医,2003.(2):1-5.
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[8]Kousuke Hanada,Yoshiyuld Suzuki,Takashi Nakane.The Origin and Evolution of Porcine Rep roductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses[J].Molecular Biology and Evolution,2005,(22):1024-1031.
[9]Collins J.Recent PRRS outbreaks.Am Assoc Swine Pratt Newsl,1997,12:25-26
[10]EppersonB.An abortion storm and sow mortality syndrome.Proc Am Assoe Swine Pract,1997,28:479-483