钢异形柱结构体系抗震性能的理论分析与试验研究
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摘要
钢异型柱结构体系是以异型截面(十字形、T形、L形)柱代替普通截面(箱形、H形)柱而形成的钢结构体系,在实施可持续发展战略和推动住宅产业化发展方面具有重大的现实意义。
在国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:50878008)资助下,本文总结了钢异型柱结构体系的特点,分析了钢异型柱结构相对于普通截面柱钢结构和钢筋混凝土异型柱结构的优势,在针对国内外学术界对钢异型柱结构体系抗震性能的研究尚处于起步阶段的现状基础上,提出了钢异型柱结构体系抗震性能研究中亟待或深入解决的实际问题。本文以强震区多高层钢异型柱结构为研究对象,以工程应用和钢异形柱结构技术规程的编制为研究目的,采取有限元理论和试验相结合的研究手段,对钢异型柱结构体系的异形柱构件、节点和平面框架的抗震性能进行了系统研究。
强震下十字形截面钢异型柱变形模式、破坏类型、抗震性能和板件宽厚比限值研究。基于36个不同截面参数组合的十字形截面钢异形柱模型在常轴力、低周反复荷载下的有限元计算,模拟其受力、变形、破坏全过程,研究了滞回曲线、骨架曲线、耗能能力等抗震性能指标,得到了翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比和轴压比是抗震性能的主要影响因素及其对抗震性能的影响规律,对抗震性能进行了综合评价。根据抗震设计承载力取值和整体抗震性能的要求,提出了不同轴压比下,能够在强震区使用的十字形截面钢异形柱翼缘宽厚比与腹板高厚比的组合限值公式,并对十字形截面钢异形柱的抗震设计提出建议。
强震下钢异型柱(十字形、T形、L形截面)构件的变形模式、破坏模态、抗震性能研究。分别通过1:2缩尺的8个十字形截面、8个L形截面和8个T形截面钢异形柱试验模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究了试件的变形模式、破坏模态,得到了试件的滞回曲线、承载能力、延性性能、耗能能力等抗震性能指标和板件宽厚比、轴压比对抗震性能的影响规律。对所有试件进行了与试验相同受力工况下的有限元计算。有限元计算和试验结果相互印证表明,在轴压比和翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比满足限值的条件下,钢异形柱(十字形、T形和L形截面)在罕遇地震作用时,其破坏模态为局部屈曲的塑性破坏;破坏时,变形以塑性为主且发展充分,有较高且稳定的抗震承载能力,具有较好的延性性能和耗能能力,能够在强震区使用。
强震下钢异型柱-钢梁节点的变形模式、破坏模态、抗震性能研究。提出了符合异形截面特点的T形截面钢异形柱-钢梁框架节点形式,通过3个足尺的T形截面钢异形柱-钢梁框架边节点试验模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究了试件的变形模式、应变分布、破坏模态,研究了试件的滞回性能、承载能力、转动能力、延性性能、耗能能力等抗震性能指标,分析了节点域强弱对抗震性能的影响规律。考虑材料非线性、几何非线性以及边界非线性,对所有试件进行了与试验相同受力工况下的有限元计算。有限元计算和试验结果相互印证表明, T形截面钢异形柱-钢梁框架节点在罕遇地震作用时,破坏模态为局部屈曲的塑性破坏,破坏前经历充分的塑性变形,塑性铰位于远离梁柱焊缝的梁截面上且发展充分,有较高且稳定的抗震承载能力,具备较好的塑性转动能力、延性性能和耗能能力,能够在强震区使用。
强震下T形截面钢异形柱平面框架变形模式、破坏模态、抗震性能研究。通过3榀1:2缩尺、等应力的T形截面钢异形柱平面框架试验模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究了框架试件的变形模式、应变分布、塑性铰分布及出现次序、破坏模态,研究了滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载能力、延性性能、耗能能力、强度和刚度退化等抗震性能指标,分析了节点域强弱对抗震性能的影响规律。对所有试件进行了有限元计算。有限元计算和试验结果相互印证表明,T形截面钢异形柱平面框架在罕遇地震作用时,破坏模态为局部屈曲的塑性破坏;破坏时,塑性铰出现在盖板外的梁端部位和加劲肋以上柱脚部位,分别远离梁柱交界面和柱脚底板交界面的焊缝,变形以塑性为主且发展充分,各节点完好,有较高且稳定的抗震承载能力,强度和刚度退化较慢,具备较好的延性性能和耗能能力,能够在强震区使用。同时验证了本文钢异型柱、节点研究成果的正确性。
综上所述,本文针对强震区钢异型柱结构的异型柱构件、节点、平面框架,系统地研究罕遇地震荷载下的变形模式、应变分布、破坏模态,得到一系列的抗震性能指标及其影响因素和规律,证明钢异型柱、节点、平面框架具有良好的抗震性能,能够在强震区使用,取得一系列的研究成果。最后,对钢异型柱结构研究有待进一步深化的问题进行了展望。
本文研究成果为钢异型柱结构的抗震设计和钢异形柱结构技术规程的编制提供依据,在强震区具有重要的基础理论意义和工程应用价值。
Steel structure system with specially shaped columns is a steel structure system with specially shaped column (cruciform shaped, T-shaped, L-shaped) instead of general cross-section column (Box-shaped, H-shaped), which has practical significance in promoting housing industrialization.
Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) program(#50878008), this dissertation summarizes the characteristic of steel structure system with specially shaped columns, analyses the predominance of steel structure with specially shaped columns rather than steel structure with general section columns and concrete structure with specially shaped columns, and aiming at the researching situation about steel structure with specially shaped columns in academia, which is still in primary stage and the seismic behavior is very little involves, puts forward practical problems of steel structure system with specially shaped columns to be solved thoroughly and immediately. By Finite-element analysis study combining with experimental research, the seismic behavior of steel specially shaped columns, of steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connections, of steel plane frame with T-section specially shaped columns coming from multi-story or high steel frame structure in meizoseismal area have been investigated comprehensively in this dissertation, which can provide pratical engineering applications and design specification for steel structures with specially shaped columns.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode, seismic behavior and limit value of plate width-thickness ratio of steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section under strong seismic load. Basing on finite-element analysis of 36 models of steel specially shaped columns bearing low cyclic bending and constant axial compression, this dissertation simulated the entire process of their forcing, deformation and destruction, studied their seismic behavior such as bearing capacity, hysteretic behavior, energy-dissipation capacity and so on, also analyzed the influencing rule of flange width-thickness ratio, web depth-thickness ratio and axial compression ratio on the seismic behavior, and evaluated the holistic seismic behavior of those models. Finally, according to the requirements of seismatic bearing capacity and holistic seismic performance, this dissertation proposed the limit values of flange width-thickness ratio and web depth-thickness ratio under different axial compression ratio for application of steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section in meizoseismal area.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode and seismic behavior of steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section under strong seismic load. The pseudo-static test on 8 steel specially shaped column models with cruciform section, 8 steel specially shaped column models with T-section, 8 steel specially shaped column models with L-section, having 1:2 geometrical scale and equal stress under cyclic loading is introduced. And then, the deformation properties, the failure model are discussed, and the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, ductility and energy-dissipation are studied. As a result, the effect of flange width- thickness ratio, web depth-thickness ratio and axial compression ratio are reviewed. At the same time, the finite-element theoretical analysis are finished. The experimental results are close to the finite-element analysis results, which shows that the steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section, or T-section, or L-section have excellent bearing capacity, good ductility and energy dissipation if certain flange width-thickness ratio, web depth-thickness ratio and axial compression ratio conditions are appropriate. Its failure model is local buckling instability failure with plenty plastic deformation. Study evidence show that steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section, or T-section, or L-section can be used in meizoseismal area.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode and seismic behavior of steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection under strong seismic load. The pseudo-static test on 3 steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection models of full-scale is introduced. The deformation properties, the strain distribution, the failure model are discussed, and the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, shear deformation of panel zone, rotation, ductility and energy-dissipation are studied. As a result, the effect of panel-zone’s thickness are reviewed. Testing results indicate that the steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection has strong and steady bearing capacity, excellent plastic rotational performance, good ductility and energy-dissipation. Finite-element analysis were conducted on material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity and contacting nonlinearity, and the results are close to those from the tests. The typical failure mode was local buckling instability with sufficient plastic deformation, the plastic hinge with being fully developed occurred at the beam far away from the wedding of column-to-beam. Study evidence shows that steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection can be used in meizoseismal area.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode and seismic behavior of steel plane frame with T-section specially shaped columns under strong seismic load. The pseudo-static test on 3 steel plane frame models with T-section specially shaped columns is introduced, which are equal-stress and 1:2 reduced scale. The deformation properties, strain distribution, distribution of plastic hinge and appearance order, failure model are discussed, and the seismic behavior indexes such as hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, ductility, energy-dissipation, strength-degradation and stiffness-degradation are studied. Besides, the corresponding influencing factors and regulations are reviewed. Finite-element analysis is carried out based on material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity. The experimental results are closed to the finite-element analysis results, which shows that the steel frame with T-section specially shaped column has strong and steady bearing capacity, slow strength-degradation and stiffness-degradation, good ductility and energy-dissipation. The typical failure mode is local buckling instability with sufficient plastic deformation under strong seismic load. When it’s destroyed, the plastic hinges with being fully developed are being at the beam-end and column-feet far away from the wedding of column-to-beam and column-to-motherboard, all connections are good as well. Study evidence shows that the steel frame with T-section specially shaped column can be used in meizoseismal area. The study results of the plane frame validate the correctness and universality of the study results of steel specially shaped column and connections with steel specially shaped columns.
In conclusion, focusing on the columns, connections, frames in steel structure system with specially shaped columns in meizoseismal area, the paper studies the failure mode of structure under strong seismic load, gets a series of seismic behavior indexes and corresponding influencing factors and regulations, testifies that steel structure system with specially shaped columns can be used in meizoseismal areas, and obtains corresponding research results. Finally, the paper presents some deepening problems’prospects of steel structure system with specially shaped columns.
This dissertation can provide background for the seismic design of engineering and compilations of Technical Specification for steel structure with specially shaped columns. Also those research results has important theoretical significance and practical value in engineering applications.
在国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:50878008)资助下,本文总结了钢异型柱结构体系的特点,分析了钢异型柱结构相对于普通截面柱钢结构和钢筋混凝土异型柱结构的优势,在针对国内外学术界对钢异型柱结构体系抗震性能的研究尚处于起步阶段的现状基础上,提出了钢异型柱结构体系抗震性能研究中亟待或深入解决的实际问题。本文以强震区多高层钢异型柱结构为研究对象,以工程应用和钢异形柱结构技术规程的编制为研究目的,采取有限元理论和试验相结合的研究手段,对钢异型柱结构体系的异形柱构件、节点和平面框架的抗震性能进行了系统研究。
强震下十字形截面钢异型柱变形模式、破坏类型、抗震性能和板件宽厚比限值研究。基于36个不同截面参数组合的十字形截面钢异形柱模型在常轴力、低周反复荷载下的有限元计算,模拟其受力、变形、破坏全过程,研究了滞回曲线、骨架曲线、耗能能力等抗震性能指标,得到了翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比和轴压比是抗震性能的主要影响因素及其对抗震性能的影响规律,对抗震性能进行了综合评价。根据抗震设计承载力取值和整体抗震性能的要求,提出了不同轴压比下,能够在强震区使用的十字形截面钢异形柱翼缘宽厚比与腹板高厚比的组合限值公式,并对十字形截面钢异形柱的抗震设计提出建议。
强震下钢异型柱(十字形、T形、L形截面)构件的变形模式、破坏模态、抗震性能研究。分别通过1:2缩尺的8个十字形截面、8个L形截面和8个T形截面钢异形柱试验模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究了试件的变形模式、破坏模态,得到了试件的滞回曲线、承载能力、延性性能、耗能能力等抗震性能指标和板件宽厚比、轴压比对抗震性能的影响规律。对所有试件进行了与试验相同受力工况下的有限元计算。有限元计算和试验结果相互印证表明,在轴压比和翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比满足限值的条件下,钢异形柱(十字形、T形和L形截面)在罕遇地震作用时,其破坏模态为局部屈曲的塑性破坏;破坏时,变形以塑性为主且发展充分,有较高且稳定的抗震承载能力,具有较好的延性性能和耗能能力,能够在强震区使用。
强震下钢异型柱-钢梁节点的变形模式、破坏模态、抗震性能研究。提出了符合异形截面特点的T形截面钢异形柱-钢梁框架节点形式,通过3个足尺的T形截面钢异形柱-钢梁框架边节点试验模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究了试件的变形模式、应变分布、破坏模态,研究了试件的滞回性能、承载能力、转动能力、延性性能、耗能能力等抗震性能指标,分析了节点域强弱对抗震性能的影响规律。考虑材料非线性、几何非线性以及边界非线性,对所有试件进行了与试验相同受力工况下的有限元计算。有限元计算和试验结果相互印证表明, T形截面钢异形柱-钢梁框架节点在罕遇地震作用时,破坏模态为局部屈曲的塑性破坏,破坏前经历充分的塑性变形,塑性铰位于远离梁柱焊缝的梁截面上且发展充分,有较高且稳定的抗震承载能力,具备较好的塑性转动能力、延性性能和耗能能力,能够在强震区使用。
强震下T形截面钢异形柱平面框架变形模式、破坏模态、抗震性能研究。通过3榀1:2缩尺、等应力的T形截面钢异形柱平面框架试验模型在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,研究了框架试件的变形模式、应变分布、塑性铰分布及出现次序、破坏模态,研究了滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载能力、延性性能、耗能能力、强度和刚度退化等抗震性能指标,分析了节点域强弱对抗震性能的影响规律。对所有试件进行了有限元计算。有限元计算和试验结果相互印证表明,T形截面钢异形柱平面框架在罕遇地震作用时,破坏模态为局部屈曲的塑性破坏;破坏时,塑性铰出现在盖板外的梁端部位和加劲肋以上柱脚部位,分别远离梁柱交界面和柱脚底板交界面的焊缝,变形以塑性为主且发展充分,各节点完好,有较高且稳定的抗震承载能力,强度和刚度退化较慢,具备较好的延性性能和耗能能力,能够在强震区使用。同时验证了本文钢异型柱、节点研究成果的正确性。
综上所述,本文针对强震区钢异型柱结构的异型柱构件、节点、平面框架,系统地研究罕遇地震荷载下的变形模式、应变分布、破坏模态,得到一系列的抗震性能指标及其影响因素和规律,证明钢异型柱、节点、平面框架具有良好的抗震性能,能够在强震区使用,取得一系列的研究成果。最后,对钢异型柱结构研究有待进一步深化的问题进行了展望。
本文研究成果为钢异型柱结构的抗震设计和钢异形柱结构技术规程的编制提供依据,在强震区具有重要的基础理论意义和工程应用价值。
Steel structure system with specially shaped columns is a steel structure system with specially shaped column (cruciform shaped, T-shaped, L-shaped) instead of general cross-section column (Box-shaped, H-shaped), which has practical significance in promoting housing industrialization.
Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) program(#50878008), this dissertation summarizes the characteristic of steel structure system with specially shaped columns, analyses the predominance of steel structure with specially shaped columns rather than steel structure with general section columns and concrete structure with specially shaped columns, and aiming at the researching situation about steel structure with specially shaped columns in academia, which is still in primary stage and the seismic behavior is very little involves, puts forward practical problems of steel structure system with specially shaped columns to be solved thoroughly and immediately. By Finite-element analysis study combining with experimental research, the seismic behavior of steel specially shaped columns, of steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connections, of steel plane frame with T-section specially shaped columns coming from multi-story or high steel frame structure in meizoseismal area have been investigated comprehensively in this dissertation, which can provide pratical engineering applications and design specification for steel structures with specially shaped columns.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode, seismic behavior and limit value of plate width-thickness ratio of steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section under strong seismic load. Basing on finite-element analysis of 36 models of steel specially shaped columns bearing low cyclic bending and constant axial compression, this dissertation simulated the entire process of their forcing, deformation and destruction, studied their seismic behavior such as bearing capacity, hysteretic behavior, energy-dissipation capacity and so on, also analyzed the influencing rule of flange width-thickness ratio, web depth-thickness ratio and axial compression ratio on the seismic behavior, and evaluated the holistic seismic behavior of those models. Finally, according to the requirements of seismatic bearing capacity and holistic seismic performance, this dissertation proposed the limit values of flange width-thickness ratio and web depth-thickness ratio under different axial compression ratio for application of steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section in meizoseismal area.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode and seismic behavior of steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section under strong seismic load. The pseudo-static test on 8 steel specially shaped column models with cruciform section, 8 steel specially shaped column models with T-section, 8 steel specially shaped column models with L-section, having 1:2 geometrical scale and equal stress under cyclic loading is introduced. And then, the deformation properties, the failure model are discussed, and the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, ductility and energy-dissipation are studied. As a result, the effect of flange width- thickness ratio, web depth-thickness ratio and axial compression ratio are reviewed. At the same time, the finite-element theoretical analysis are finished. The experimental results are close to the finite-element analysis results, which shows that the steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section, or T-section, or L-section have excellent bearing capacity, good ductility and energy dissipation if certain flange width-thickness ratio, web depth-thickness ratio and axial compression ratio conditions are appropriate. Its failure model is local buckling instability failure with plenty plastic deformation. Study evidence show that steel specially shaped columns with cruciform section, or T-section, or L-section can be used in meizoseismal area.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode and seismic behavior of steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection under strong seismic load. The pseudo-static test on 3 steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection models of full-scale is introduced. The deformation properties, the strain distribution, the failure model are discussed, and the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, shear deformation of panel zone, rotation, ductility and energy-dissipation are studied. As a result, the effect of panel-zone’s thickness are reviewed. Testing results indicate that the steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection has strong and steady bearing capacity, excellent plastic rotational performance, good ductility and energy-dissipation. Finite-element analysis were conducted on material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity and contacting nonlinearity, and the results are close to those from the tests. The typical failure mode was local buckling instability with sufficient plastic deformation, the plastic hinge with being fully developed occurred at the beam far away from the wedding of column-to-beam. Study evidence shows that steel specially shaped column with T-section to steel beam connection can be used in meizoseismal area.
Research on deformation properties, failure mode and seismic behavior of steel plane frame with T-section specially shaped columns under strong seismic load. The pseudo-static test on 3 steel plane frame models with T-section specially shaped columns is introduced, which are equal-stress and 1:2 reduced scale. The deformation properties, strain distribution, distribution of plastic hinge and appearance order, failure model are discussed, and the seismic behavior indexes such as hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, bearing capacity, ductility, energy-dissipation, strength-degradation and stiffness-degradation are studied. Besides, the corresponding influencing factors and regulations are reviewed. Finite-element analysis is carried out based on material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity. The experimental results are closed to the finite-element analysis results, which shows that the steel frame with T-section specially shaped column has strong and steady bearing capacity, slow strength-degradation and stiffness-degradation, good ductility and energy-dissipation. The typical failure mode is local buckling instability with sufficient plastic deformation under strong seismic load. When it’s destroyed, the plastic hinges with being fully developed are being at the beam-end and column-feet far away from the wedding of column-to-beam and column-to-motherboard, all connections are good as well. Study evidence shows that the steel frame with T-section specially shaped column can be used in meizoseismal area. The study results of the plane frame validate the correctness and universality of the study results of steel specially shaped column and connections with steel specially shaped columns.
In conclusion, focusing on the columns, connections, frames in steel structure system with specially shaped columns in meizoseismal area, the paper studies the failure mode of structure under strong seismic load, gets a series of seismic behavior indexes and corresponding influencing factors and regulations, testifies that steel structure system with specially shaped columns can be used in meizoseismal areas, and obtains corresponding research results. Finally, the paper presents some deepening problems’prospects of steel structure system with specially shaped columns.
This dissertation can provide background for the seismic design of engineering and compilations of Technical Specification for steel structure with specially shaped columns. Also those research results has important theoretical significance and practical value in engineering applications.
引文
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