基于录井导向的井眼轨迹三维信息处理研究
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摘要
近几年来,石油勘探领域对录井导向技术的要求越来越高,因为在石油勘探过程中所收集到的数据是最直观、最重要的资料,而录井导向技术的主要作用就是根据这些数据对油气水层和地质做出解释,为油井开发方案定制和调整奠定坚实可靠的基础。随着三维可视化技术的不断发展,现阶段比较成熟的通过二维图件来表达录井数据的技术已经不能满足石油工作者的要求。通过把石油录井过程中所涉及的数据在空间实时动态的用三维图形显示出来,可以让石油工作者更直观的观察和分析繁杂的录井数据。
本文内容主要是在对系统需求分析和总体设计的基础上,明确系统的流程,使用Visual Studio.Net工具并配置了基于MFC的Direct3D应用程序开发环境对井眼轨迹三维信息处理系统进行实现。在实现过程中,主要对以下几个方面进行了研究：
(1)对石油录井过程中所产生的繁杂的数据进行了系统的归纳和分类,在本文中将录井数据大致分为两类：几何数据和属性数据。在数据分类和数据分析的基础上分别建立了几何数据模型和属性数据模型,然后通过各个测点的位置数据就实现了几何数据与属性数据在三维空间上的统一。
(2)在系统的数据处理模块,主要研究了对录井基础数据进行测斜计算的自然曲线模型,对三维空间任意一条曲线的平移算法,在Direct3D渲染管线中所进行的各种数据转换算法等。
(3)在系统的图形显示模块,研究了Direct3D中的光照计算模型、材质设定方法以及用于实现油井油性数据三维可视化的纹理映射技术。
本文所研究的基于录井导向的井眼轨迹三维信息处理系统是对录井数据三维可视化的初步实现,功能还相对单一,为了下一步能在本系统的基础上方便的扩展出更多实用功能,在设计类结构方面采用了设计模式中的方法,使开发出的程序具有很高的复用性和可扩展性。为以后所要实现的可投入实际应用的录井导向三维综合分析系统奠定了基础。
In recent years, Mudlogging Geosteering Technology was highly demanded more and more for the field of oil exploration, because the data that was collected in the process of oil exploration is the most intuitive most important information. Mudlogging Geosteering Technology's role are using this data to explain the oil & water formation and laying the solid and reliable foundation for customizing and adjusting oil exploration solution. As 3-D Visualization Technology has grown, at the present stage, the technology which use two-dimension graphic to express compound logging data is reliable, however, it cannot satisfy oil workers'demand already. Technician can intuitive observe and analyse logging data through new technology that has realized the dynamic visualization in three dimensions.
This paper defines the procedure of 3-D Visualization System on the basis of requirement analysis, modeling, and designing. Visual Studio.Net 2003 and the Direct3D application development environment that configured on the base of MFC are used to implement the 3-D Visualization System. In process of implementation, the following three aspects are investigated in this paper:
(1) The paper makes a systematic generalization of the logging data; the thesis categorizes the data as two sorts:geometrical data and attribute data, and then creates the geometric model and attribute model. In the end, realizes the unification in three-dimensional space between geometrical data and attribute data.
(2) In the data processing module of system, Nature Curve Model that used for clinometers calculation is researched. also include the translational algorithm for random curve in three-dimensional space and all kinds of data conversion algorithm in render pipelines of Direct3D.
(3) In the graphical display module of system, the calculation model of lighting, the methods of texture settings and Texture Mapping Technology which are used to realize 3-D visualization of oily data are studied.
3D information processing system of well track based on Mudloging is the primary implementation of 3D visualization of logging data, functions relatively simple. with the purpose of convenient expanding more utility functions on the base of this system, use the methods of Design Pattern to design classes, so the program has high reusability and expandability. This simple system forming the foundation for Mudlogging Geosteering 3D Comprehensive Analysis System that will be implemented and put into the practical application in the near future.
本文内容主要是在对系统需求分析和总体设计的基础上,明确系统的流程,使用Visual Studio.Net工具并配置了基于MFC的Direct3D应用程序开发环境对井眼轨迹三维信息处理系统进行实现。在实现过程中,主要对以下几个方面进行了研究：
(1)对石油录井过程中所产生的繁杂的数据进行了系统的归纳和分类,在本文中将录井数据大致分为两类：几何数据和属性数据。在数据分类和数据分析的基础上分别建立了几何数据模型和属性数据模型,然后通过各个测点的位置数据就实现了几何数据与属性数据在三维空间上的统一。
(2)在系统的数据处理模块,主要研究了对录井基础数据进行测斜计算的自然曲线模型,对三维空间任意一条曲线的平移算法,在Direct3D渲染管线中所进行的各种数据转换算法等。
(3)在系统的图形显示模块,研究了Direct3D中的光照计算模型、材质设定方法以及用于实现油井油性数据三维可视化的纹理映射技术。
本文所研究的基于录井导向的井眼轨迹三维信息处理系统是对录井数据三维可视化的初步实现,功能还相对单一,为了下一步能在本系统的基础上方便的扩展出更多实用功能,在设计类结构方面采用了设计模式中的方法,使开发出的程序具有很高的复用性和可扩展性。为以后所要实现的可投入实际应用的录井导向三维综合分析系统奠定了基础。
In recent years, Mudlogging Geosteering Technology was highly demanded more and more for the field of oil exploration, because the data that was collected in the process of oil exploration is the most intuitive most important information. Mudlogging Geosteering Technology's role are using this data to explain the oil & water formation and laying the solid and reliable foundation for customizing and adjusting oil exploration solution. As 3-D Visualization Technology has grown, at the present stage, the technology which use two-dimension graphic to express compound logging data is reliable, however, it cannot satisfy oil workers'demand already. Technician can intuitive observe and analyse logging data through new technology that has realized the dynamic visualization in three dimensions.
This paper defines the procedure of 3-D Visualization System on the basis of requirement analysis, modeling, and designing. Visual Studio.Net 2003 and the Direct3D application development environment that configured on the base of MFC are used to implement the 3-D Visualization System. In process of implementation, the following three aspects are investigated in this paper:
(1) The paper makes a systematic generalization of the logging data; the thesis categorizes the data as two sorts:geometrical data and attribute data, and then creates the geometric model and attribute model. In the end, realizes the unification in three-dimensional space between geometrical data and attribute data.
(2) In the data processing module of system, Nature Curve Model that used for clinometers calculation is researched. also include the translational algorithm for random curve in three-dimensional space and all kinds of data conversion algorithm in render pipelines of Direct3D.
(3) In the graphical display module of system, the calculation model of lighting, the methods of texture settings and Texture Mapping Technology which are used to realize 3-D visualization of oily data are studied.
3D information processing system of well track based on Mudloging is the primary implementation of 3D visualization of logging data, functions relatively simple. with the purpose of convenient expanding more utility functions on the base of this system, use the methods of Design Pattern to design classes, so the program has high reusability and expandability. This simple system forming the foundation for Mudlogging Geosteering 3D Comprehensive Analysis System that will be implemented and put into the practical application in the near future.
引文
[1]李联玮.录井技术现状与发展方向[J].当代石油石化.2006,14(9)：41-44.
[2]崔红庄,何援军,徐维秀.基于OpenGL实现油藏描述信息的三维可视化显示[J].计算机工程.2004,30：381-382.
[3]贺全兵.可视化技术的发展及应用[J].中国西部科技.2008,7(4)：4-5.
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[11]金禾工作室.3D游戏程序设计基础[M].北京：北京希望电子出版社.2006.
[12]茅忠明,王行骏,陈玮.基于DirectX软件包进行三维图形的开发应用[J].上海理工大学学报.2002,24(1)：2-3.
[13]王鹏杰,李威,王聪.DirectX游戏编程[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2010.
[14]尚晶晶.Direct3D游戏开发技术详解[M].北京：人民邮电出版社.2006.
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[16]Sanchez J, Canton M. DirectX 3D图形编程宝典[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2000.
[17]曹彩霞,张立勋,杨双华等.用Direct3D结合3DS MAX实现动画技术.应用科技.2000,27(12)：2-3.
[18]Jeff Prosise. MFC Windows程序设计(第二版)[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2008.
[19]Stanley B.Lippman. Inside the C++ Object Model[M]. Arrangement with pearson Education North Asia Limited,2008.
[20]姚领田.精通MFC程序设计[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007.
[21]冯阿芳,石研.软件需求分析的思考[J].信息技术.2010,16：45-46.
[22]陈传波,陆枫.计算机图形学基础[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007.
[23]刘勇奎.计算机图形学的基础算法[M].北京：科学出版社,2007.
[24]徐婧.录井导向油藏剖面图的研发及应用：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2010.
[25]刘修缮.实钻井眼轨迹的客观描述与计算[J].石油学报.2007,28(5)：3-5.
[26]王德才,杨冉.Direct3D中的坐标系与基本图元绘制[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,4：4-6.
[27]王德才,张安慧.Direct3D中的三维坐标变换[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,5：4-5.
[28]贝克休斯.油层地质导向.2008.
[29]张弛.石油录井数据分析与三维可视化研究：(硕十学位论文).南京：南京师范大学,2008.
[30]刘修缮,石在虹,周大千.计算井眼轨道的曲线结构法.[J]石油学报.1994,15(3)：126-133.
[31]曾永文,苑洪瑞,肖海田等.录井技术在辽河油田新开发区块油气层解释评价中的应用[J].录井工程.2008.
[32]姬新征.Direct3D初步[J].程序员.2007,12：93-94.
[33]王德才,杨关胜,孙玉萍.精通DirectX 3D图形与动画程序设计[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007.
[34]龚文,王庆丰,冯强.基于DirectX的三维实时显示平台的实现[J].机床与液压.2010,38(15)：61-62.
[35]叶至军.Visual C++/DirectX9 3D游戏开发导引[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2006.
[36]郑阿奇.DirectX 3D游戏编程使用教程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2011.
[37]Frank D.Luna, Rod Lopez. DirectX 9.0 3D游戏开发编程基础[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007.
[38]周国庆.DirectX游戏编程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2010.
[39]万斌.Visual C++ OpenGL DirectX三维动画编程宝典[M].北京：希望电子出版社,2005.
[40]曾凡喜.Direct3D实时渲染技术[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[41]恩格尔.Direct3D游戏编程入门教程[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2008.
[42]王德才,杨关胜.Direct3D中的光照与材质[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,6：4-5.
[43]王德才,刘晓丽.Direct3D纹理映射[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,7：4-6
[2]崔红庄,何援军,徐维秀.基于OpenGL实现油藏描述信息的三维可视化显示[J].计算机工程.2004,30：381-382.
[3]贺全兵.可视化技术的发展及应用[J].中国西部科技.2008,7(4)：4-5.
[4]徐社美,董娜.三维可视化建模的研究及现状[J].中国水运.2008,8(9)：105-107.
[5]黄朝晖,李晓梅.数据可视化技术及现状[J].计算机工程与科学.1993,2：4-5.
[6]Sanstrom Bill.Longorio Phil, Innovation 3-D Visualization tool promotes development-drilling efficiency.2002(2):Oil & Gas Journal 2002-2-25.
[7]郭小攀,段天向.井眼轨迹可视化的发展研究[J].特种油气藏.2003,10(5)：1-2.
[8]J victor. Taking Advantage of 3-D Dimensional Visualization in Drilling Operations, IADC/SPE 37591.
[9]孙家广.计算机图形学(第三版)[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2005.
[10]何援军.计算机图形学算法和实践[M].湖南：湖南科学技术出版社.1990.
[11]金禾工作室.3D游戏程序设计基础[M].北京：北京希望电子出版社.2006.
[12]茅忠明,王行骏,陈玮.基于DirectX软件包进行三维图形的开发应用[J].上海理工大学学报.2002,24(1)：2-3.
[13]王鹏杰,李威,王聪.DirectX游戏编程[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2010.
[14]尚晶晶.Direct3D游戏开发技术详解[M].北京：人民邮电出版社.2006.
[15]DirectX [EB/OL]. http://baike.baidu.com/view/15762.htm.
[16]Sanchez J, Canton M. DirectX 3D图形编程宝典[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2000.
[17]曹彩霞,张立勋,杨双华等.用Direct3D结合3DS MAX实现动画技术.应用科技.2000,27(12)：2-3.
[18]Jeff Prosise. MFC Windows程序设计(第二版)[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2008.
[19]Stanley B.Lippman. Inside the C++ Object Model[M]. Arrangement with pearson Education North Asia Limited,2008.
[20]姚领田.精通MFC程序设计[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007.
[21]冯阿芳,石研.软件需求分析的思考[J].信息技术.2010,16：45-46.
[22]陈传波,陆枫.计算机图形学基础[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2007.
[23]刘勇奎.计算机图形学的基础算法[M].北京：科学出版社,2007.
[24]徐婧.录井导向油藏剖面图的研发及应用：(硕士学位论文).大连：大连海事大学,2010.
[25]刘修缮.实钻井眼轨迹的客观描述与计算[J].石油学报.2007,28(5)：3-5.
[26]王德才,杨冉.Direct3D中的坐标系与基本图元绘制[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,4：4-6.
[27]王德才,张安慧.Direct3D中的三维坐标变换[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,5：4-5.
[28]贝克休斯.油层地质导向.2008.
[29]张弛.石油录井数据分析与三维可视化研究：(硕十学位论文).南京：南京师范大学,2008.
[30]刘修缮,石在虹,周大千.计算井眼轨道的曲线结构法.[J]石油学报.1994,15(3)：126-133.
[31]曾永文,苑洪瑞,肖海田等.录井技术在辽河油田新开发区块油气层解释评价中的应用[J].录井工程.2008.
[32]姬新征.Direct3D初步[J].程序员.2007,12：93-94.
[33]王德才,杨关胜,孙玉萍.精通DirectX 3D图形与动画程序设计[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2007.
[34]龚文,王庆丰,冯强.基于DirectX的三维实时显示平台的实现[J].机床与液压.2010,38(15)：61-62.
[35]叶至军.Visual C++/DirectX9 3D游戏开发导引[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2006.
[36]郑阿奇.DirectX 3D游戏编程使用教程[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2011.
[37]Frank D.Luna, Rod Lopez. DirectX 9.0 3D游戏开发编程基础[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2007.
[38]周国庆.DirectX游戏编程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2010.
[39]万斌.Visual C++ OpenGL DirectX三维动画编程宝典[M].北京：希望电子出版社,2005.
[40]曾凡喜.Direct3D实时渲染技术[M].北京：中国水利水电出版社,2009.
[41]恩格尔.Direct3D游戏编程入门教程[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2008.
[42]王德才,杨关胜.Direct3D中的光照与材质[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,6：4-5.
[43]王德才,刘晓丽.Direct3D纹理映射[J].电脑编程技巧与维护.2007,7：4-6