矿山工程图纸安全防护研究
摘要
矿山工程图是矿山设计、施工和生产管理工作中所绘制的一系列图纸,它是采矿企业经营管理和生产指挥的极为重要的技术资料和重要依据。近年来,随着计算机技术、网络技术在矿山企业应用的不断深入,矿山工程图数字化、矿山资料信息化、采矿设计和矿山工程图数字化管理已成为建立现代矿山企业的必备条件,同时也是企业进入数字和信息时代的基本要求和基础建设。然而,数字化作品易于修改、复制和传播的特点,也使得盗版和恶意篡改越来越猖獗,安全问题日趋重要。
针对矿山工程图设计、绘制、管理中存在的相关问题,结合矿山企业的实际情况,从一定程度上解决了当前矿山工程图嵌入水印容量较小、鲁棒性较差等安全问题。主要工作如下：
1.结合矿山矿山工程图数字化和数字化矿山工程图管理存在的问题及计算机辅助设计技术的发展特点,引入分形思想,提出了一种无需对工程图数据做修改的全频率无损数字水印实现方法。首先对工程图实施小波变换,变换后的中高频部分采用Bandelet跟踪工程图几何流,将纹理和边缘作为工程图的特征从而构造出工程图高频无损水印参数.对于小波变换的低频部分,通过选取最优的矩阵范数,得到低频系数水印参数生成方案,达到提取工程图统计和边缘特征,对工程图实现全面保护的目的。本算法具有良好的抗攻击能力,能够广泛用于对不可修改数据的保护。
2.提出两种基于QR (Quick Response)分解的矿山工程图半脆弱水印方案。该方案针对精确定位型半脆弱水印算法的安全性问题,选取与工程图内容密切相关的工程图QR分解作为水印,用混沌系统对其加密来增强水印的安全性。认证时通过水印差值定位工程图被篡改的位置,通过奇异值差值反映被篡改区域的篡改强度。本算法不仅提高了精确定位型水印算法的安全性,而且还可以估计出被篡改区域的篡改强度。
3.提出一种基于Hadamard抗打印和扫描的矿山工程图水印算法。该算法首先对载体工程图分块并进行筛选,找到适合嵌入水印的块；在嵌入之前,结合SVD (Snayperskaya Vinyovka Dragunov)分解,不同类的块使用不同的量化步长,以此来增强水印的鲁棒性；然后,利用量化的方法将经过水印嵌入到上述块的系数相位中。本算法对常规操作具有鲁棒性,能够检测对内容的恶意篡改,定位能力好,误检和漏检率低,安全性好。
提出的矿山工程图安全的研究成果,对数字水印技术在矿山工程图安全防护上具有一定的意义。
Mine well engineering map is a serial of drawings made in the process of mining design, operation and production management; it is very crucial technical data and important reference for mine engineering companies'the running managements and production guides. In recent years, as the instant deep application of computer and Internet technology in mine enterprises, the mine well engineering maps are more and more digitalized, the mine data are more and more informationalized, mine project design and mine well engineering maps'digital management has been the essential items in establishing a modern mine enterprise; at the same time, it is also the basic requirements and infrastructure construction in enterprises'enter into the digital and information time. But because the digitalized work is easy to be amended, copied and transferred, which make the piracy and malicious falsification more and more rampantly, the safety matter is becoming more and more important.
This thesis is based on some of the existing problems in the mine well engineering map's design, drawing combined with mine enterprises' realistic, solve for some degree the current mine project drawing's safety matters such as embedded watermarking capacity limited, lack of robustness. The main wok as below:
1. This thesis brings in a fractal idea, which based on the existing problems of realization and management to the digitalized mine well engineering map together with the TCAD development characteristics; raise a realization method of complete frequency lossless digital watermarking without amendments to digital data. First make short wave to the drawings, adopt Bandelet to track the drawing geometric flows in the medium-high frequency part, use the texture and edge as the drawing characteristics to make high frequency lossless watermarking parameter. For the short wave low frequency part, get low frequency coefficient watermarking parameter derivative plan by choosing the best normofamatrix, realize image statistics extraction and edge characteristics, and completely protect the images. This algorithm has good performance in anti-attack, could be widely applied in the protection to the un-amendable data.
2. Two kinds of mine well engineering map semi-fragile watermarking plans have been raised based on the QR (Quick Response) resolution; because the existence of safety problem in accuracy located type semi fragile watermarking algorithm, the thesis chooses the image QR resolution, which is closely related to the image content, as the watermarking, then use the chaotic efficient encryption to strengthen watermarking safety.
3. The thesis raises a mine well engineering map watermarking algorithm on Hadamard, which is anti-print and scan. The algorithm first divides the carrying images into blocks and makes selection, to have the embeddable watermarking blocks; before the embedment, combined with SVD (Snayperskaya Vinyovka Dragunov) division, apply different quantization step in different kinds of blocks to strengthen watermarking robustness. Then embed the above watermarking into the above blocks' phase by quantization method. This algorithm has robustness in usual practice, could testify the malice falsification to the content, with good location ability, low mistake and missing rate, good safety performance.
The mine well engineering map safety research results rose in this thesis solves for degree the current watermarking method's capacity limitedness, weak robustness, is meaningful to the application of digital watermarking technology in the mine well engineering map safety.
针对矿山工程图设计、绘制、管理中存在的相关问题,结合矿山企业的实际情况,从一定程度上解决了当前矿山工程图嵌入水印容量较小、鲁棒性较差等安全问题。主要工作如下：
1.结合矿山矿山工程图数字化和数字化矿山工程图管理存在的问题及计算机辅助设计技术的发展特点,引入分形思想,提出了一种无需对工程图数据做修改的全频率无损数字水印实现方法。首先对工程图实施小波变换,变换后的中高频部分采用Bandelet跟踪工程图几何流,将纹理和边缘作为工程图的特征从而构造出工程图高频无损水印参数.对于小波变换的低频部分,通过选取最优的矩阵范数,得到低频系数水印参数生成方案,达到提取工程图统计和边缘特征,对工程图实现全面保护的目的。本算法具有良好的抗攻击能力,能够广泛用于对不可修改数据的保护。
2.提出两种基于QR (Quick Response)分解的矿山工程图半脆弱水印方案。该方案针对精确定位型半脆弱水印算法的安全性问题,选取与工程图内容密切相关的工程图QR分解作为水印,用混沌系统对其加密来增强水印的安全性。认证时通过水印差值定位工程图被篡改的位置,通过奇异值差值反映被篡改区域的篡改强度。本算法不仅提高了精确定位型水印算法的安全性,而且还可以估计出被篡改区域的篡改强度。
3.提出一种基于Hadamard抗打印和扫描的矿山工程图水印算法。该算法首先对载体工程图分块并进行筛选,找到适合嵌入水印的块；在嵌入之前,结合SVD (Snayperskaya Vinyovka Dragunov)分解,不同类的块使用不同的量化步长,以此来增强水印的鲁棒性；然后,利用量化的方法将经过水印嵌入到上述块的系数相位中。本算法对常规操作具有鲁棒性,能够检测对内容的恶意篡改,定位能力好,误检和漏检率低,安全性好。
提出的矿山工程图安全的研究成果,对数字水印技术在矿山工程图安全防护上具有一定的意义。
Mine well engineering map is a serial of drawings made in the process of mining design, operation and production management; it is very crucial technical data and important reference for mine engineering companies'the running managements and production guides. In recent years, as the instant deep application of computer and Internet technology in mine enterprises, the mine well engineering maps are more and more digitalized, the mine data are more and more informationalized, mine project design and mine well engineering maps'digital management has been the essential items in establishing a modern mine enterprise; at the same time, it is also the basic requirements and infrastructure construction in enterprises'enter into the digital and information time. But because the digitalized work is easy to be amended, copied and transferred, which make the piracy and malicious falsification more and more rampantly, the safety matter is becoming more and more important.
This thesis is based on some of the existing problems in the mine well engineering map's design, drawing combined with mine enterprises' realistic, solve for some degree the current mine project drawing's safety matters such as embedded watermarking capacity limited, lack of robustness. The main wok as below:
1. This thesis brings in a fractal idea, which based on the existing problems of realization and management to the digitalized mine well engineering map together with the TCAD development characteristics; raise a realization method of complete frequency lossless digital watermarking without amendments to digital data. First make short wave to the drawings, adopt Bandelet to track the drawing geometric flows in the medium-high frequency part, use the texture and edge as the drawing characteristics to make high frequency lossless watermarking parameter. For the short wave low frequency part, get low frequency coefficient watermarking parameter derivative plan by choosing the best normofamatrix, realize image statistics extraction and edge characteristics, and completely protect the images. This algorithm has good performance in anti-attack, could be widely applied in the protection to the un-amendable data.
2. Two kinds of mine well engineering map semi-fragile watermarking plans have been raised based on the QR (Quick Response) resolution; because the existence of safety problem in accuracy located type semi fragile watermarking algorithm, the thesis chooses the image QR resolution, which is closely related to the image content, as the watermarking, then use the chaotic efficient encryption to strengthen watermarking safety.
3. The thesis raises a mine well engineering map watermarking algorithm on Hadamard, which is anti-print and scan. The algorithm first divides the carrying images into blocks and makes selection, to have the embeddable watermarking blocks; before the embedment, combined with SVD (Snayperskaya Vinyovka Dragunov) division, apply different quantization step in different kinds of blocks to strengthen watermarking robustness. Then embed the above watermarking into the above blocks' phase by quantization method. This algorithm has robustness in usual practice, could testify the malice falsification to the content, with good location ability, low mistake and missing rate, good safety performance.
The mine well engineering map safety research results rose in this thesis solves for degree the current watermarking method's capacity limitedness, weak robustness, is meaningful to the application of digital watermarking technology in the mine well engineering map safety.
引文
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