西部地区绿色农业科技创新研究
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摘要
实现西部地区人口、资源、环境、社会、经济协调发展是西部农业发展的重要课题。要从根本上解决这一问题,必须走“绿色农业之路”,而绿色农业能否持续发展关键还要靠科技创新。因此,西部绿色农业发展要进一步利用现代生物技术、信息技术和科学管理技术装备农业,提高农业资源的利用和生态环境保护水平,实现农业生产与环境的和谐统一。
论文比较详细地分析了国际国内绿色食品发展现状,认为国际绿色食品市场空间和国内西部地区绿色食品的空缺结构为西部绿色农业的发展创造了条件,良好的自然条件、强大的科技力量和农业科技迅猛发展为西部绿色农业科技创新提供了技术平台。
论文认为目前发展西部绿色农业的战略思路为:以科学发展观为指导,依托丰富的绿色农业资源,注重环境和后续资源的合理培育,采取开发利用与保护并举的方针,择优发展,突出重点,尽快形成绿色农业科技创新的产业化之路。
其发展目标包括:构建一个从农业生产、加工到营销的绿色技术开发、引进、转化、示范体系;建成一批具有国际竞争力的由核心区、开发区、辐射区三个层次组成的绿色农业高新科技产业园区;培育与支持“一批”具有一定规模和市场竞争实力的绿色农业科技型龙头企业;建设一支高素质的西部绿色农业科技人才队伍;开发一批科技含量高、具有自主知识产权技术发明和专利,以及具有西部特色的名牌产品,占据一定的国际市场份额。
西部绿色农业科技创新的重点产业要确定在:(1)以生产无公害、无污染、营养、健康的肉食品、奶制品为中心的包括饲料生产、畜牧养殖、产品加工等一系列环节的绿色养殖产业;(2)以生产无污染、安全、营养的农作物食品为主的绿色种植产业;(3)把农业和旅游观光结合在一起,以改善生态环境,增加就业机会,向游客提供高质量旅游服务为目的的绿色旅游农业。重点研究、开发与推广以下绿色农业的产业技术:(1)常规式可持续高产农业技术;(2)节水高产高效农业技术;(3)节肥节药低耗高效农业技术;(4)耕地保护与中低产田改良技术:(5)资源多级循环与再生利用技术;(6)绿色农业生物工程技术;(7)温室技术和工厂化种养技术;(8)精准农业技术;(9)农产品加工保鲜与储存技术;(10)资源投入替代技术。
Harmonious developing in population, resource, entironment, society and economy was the main task for agriculture development in west China. 'Green agriculture' especially innovative technology of green agriculture was the most effective method to gain the aim. The integrative utilize of modern biotechnology, information technology and scientific management could enhance the value in use resource, keep ecosystem right and also could make durative development in agriculture of west China.The development in green food was analyzed and studied in the research, the result showed that there were tremendous potential in green agriculture of west China since the imbalance development of green food in internal and overseas, the benign nature condition of west China and advanced technology were assured the development.From the research, the authour think that the efficient use of technology was the basic factor to develop the agriculture of west china while to make industrialization innovative technology, at the same time, the agriculture resource should be used reasonably, and the entironment should be protected extendedly.The aims to develop green agriculture included to form a system of technology research, fetch in, translation and demonstrate around farm, product processing and selling;Set up high technology industry zones which included main area, demonstrate area and radiate area;Culticate and sustain the green agriculture enterprises that use high technology and had development potential;the researchers were another key factor for the development, so the quantity and quality of researchers should be advanced;Patent of product and technology should be protected and more high quality products which processed with advanced and modern technology were needed.The emphases in Innovative technology of green agriculture in west china were: (1) green breed industry. All the process about feed, stockbreeding, processing of meat, milk and other byproducts should be unpolluted , nourishment and healthiness.(2) green farm industry. The agriculture products should be 'green' from seed to harvest, so much as processing. (3) Green town industry. This method was not only developing the green agriculture but also having more opportunity to obtain employment which could stabilize society.Some technology were important in research and extended.(l) normal high yield agriculture technology;(2) economy irrigate and high yield agriculture technology;(3) economy fertilizer, pesticide and high efficiency agriculture technology;(4) field protected,
middle and low yield field improved technology;(5) resource circle and efficiency utilzed technology;(6) green agriculture biotechnology;(7) greenhouse technology and industry seeding and breeding technology;(8) precise agriculture technology;(9) agriculture products processing, keeping greenness and preserving technology.With the analysis of the factors which influence the safety and development in green agriculture, we thought that enhance manage of technology, system of quality and detect were very important. The technology of entironment protected, the management of agriculture devoted and the use of technology were also the key factors of green agriculture.The appropriate method to develop green agriculture was forming high technology green agriculture zones. There four modes for agriculture zones, in each mode the dominant was government, enterprise, farmer and institute and academy.
论文比较详细地分析了国际国内绿色食品发展现状,认为国际绿色食品市场空间和国内西部地区绿色食品的空缺结构为西部绿色农业的发展创造了条件,良好的自然条件、强大的科技力量和农业科技迅猛发展为西部绿色农业科技创新提供了技术平台。
论文认为目前发展西部绿色农业的战略思路为:以科学发展观为指导,依托丰富的绿色农业资源,注重环境和后续资源的合理培育,采取开发利用与保护并举的方针,择优发展,突出重点,尽快形成绿色农业科技创新的产业化之路。
其发展目标包括:构建一个从农业生产、加工到营销的绿色技术开发、引进、转化、示范体系;建成一批具有国际竞争力的由核心区、开发区、辐射区三个层次组成的绿色农业高新科技产业园区;培育与支持“一批”具有一定规模和市场竞争实力的绿色农业科技型龙头企业;建设一支高素质的西部绿色农业科技人才队伍;开发一批科技含量高、具有自主知识产权技术发明和专利,以及具有西部特色的名牌产品,占据一定的国际市场份额。
西部绿色农业科技创新的重点产业要确定在:(1)以生产无公害、无污染、营养、健康的肉食品、奶制品为中心的包括饲料生产、畜牧养殖、产品加工等一系列环节的绿色养殖产业;(2)以生产无污染、安全、营养的农作物食品为主的绿色种植产业;(3)把农业和旅游观光结合在一起,以改善生态环境,增加就业机会,向游客提供高质量旅游服务为目的的绿色旅游农业。重点研究、开发与推广以下绿色农业的产业技术:(1)常规式可持续高产农业技术;(2)节水高产高效农业技术;(3)节肥节药低耗高效农业技术;(4)耕地保护与中低产田改良技术:(5)资源多级循环与再生利用技术;(6)绿色农业生物工程技术;(7)温室技术和工厂化种养技术;(8)精准农业技术;(9)农产品加工保鲜与储存技术;(10)资源投入替代技术。
Harmonious developing in population, resource, entironment, society and economy was the main task for agriculture development in west China. 'Green agriculture' especially innovative technology of green agriculture was the most effective method to gain the aim. The integrative utilize of modern biotechnology, information technology and scientific management could enhance the value in use resource, keep ecosystem right and also could make durative development in agriculture of west China.The development in green food was analyzed and studied in the research, the result showed that there were tremendous potential in green agriculture of west China since the imbalance development of green food in internal and overseas, the benign nature condition of west China and advanced technology were assured the development.From the research, the authour think that the efficient use of technology was the basic factor to develop the agriculture of west china while to make industrialization innovative technology, at the same time, the agriculture resource should be used reasonably, and the entironment should be protected extendedly.The aims to develop green agriculture included to form a system of technology research, fetch in, translation and demonstrate around farm, product processing and selling;Set up high technology industry zones which included main area, demonstrate area and radiate area;Culticate and sustain the green agriculture enterprises that use high technology and had development potential;the researchers were another key factor for the development, so the quantity and quality of researchers should be advanced;Patent of product and technology should be protected and more high quality products which processed with advanced and modern technology were needed.The emphases in Innovative technology of green agriculture in west china were: (1) green breed industry. All the process about feed, stockbreeding, processing of meat, milk and other byproducts should be unpolluted , nourishment and healthiness.(2) green farm industry. The agriculture products should be 'green' from seed to harvest, so much as processing. (3) Green town industry. This method was not only developing the green agriculture but also having more opportunity to obtain employment which could stabilize society.Some technology were important in research and extended.(l) normal high yield agriculture technology;(2) economy irrigate and high yield agriculture technology;(3) economy fertilizer, pesticide and high efficiency agriculture technology;(4) field protected,
middle and low yield field improved technology;(5) resource circle and efficiency utilzed technology;(6) green agriculture biotechnology;(7) greenhouse technology and industry seeding and breeding technology;(8) precise agriculture technology;(9) agriculture products processing, keeping greenness and preserving technology.With the analysis of the factors which influence the safety and development in green agriculture, we thought that enhance manage of technology, system of quality and detect were very important. The technology of entironment protected, the management of agriculture devoted and the use of technology were also the key factors of green agriculture.The appropriate method to develop green agriculture was forming high technology green agriculture zones. There four modes for agriculture zones, in each mode the dominant was government, enterprise, farmer and institute and academy.
引文
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