铁路道岔转辙机电动机在线监测集中器及上位机设计与实现
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摘要
道岔转辙机作为铁路线路电气集中的主要控制设备,其工作可靠性与行车安全有着密切的关联。现阶段电动转辙机在我国使用量较为广泛,其动力由直流电动机提供。电动转辙机的核心部件为电动机,其性能的优劣对转辙机的稳定性有着重大的影响。目前对于转辙机电动机的故障检测,大多采用周期性的人工检查与转辙机试验台测试的方式。该方式存在浪费人力资源、效率低、故障定位慢等缺点。针对上述问题,论文设计并实现可实时采集转辙机电动机工作状态的监测系统。
根据系统功能需求并结合站场的实际情况,该系统分为前端检测装置、数据集中器和上位机监测软件三部分。其中数据集中器作为通信中间层,利用串行通信扩展模块与多个电动机检测装置连接并负责数据转发。前端电动机检测装置接收到检测命令后,完成对规定监测参量的采集后,按通信协议帧格式进行数据封装,通过电力载波通信技术将数据耦合送入电力线并传输至数据集中器端,数据集中器完成通信帧地址位转换后,再利用TCP/IP通信技术发送至上位机监测软件。上位机监测软件首先完成通信帧的解析,然后根据监测参量数据值对电动机进行故障分析并显示检测结果。检测结果将被录入数据库,形成转辙机监测日志供检测工程师查看。为提高系统的可靠性,强化了系统自诊断功能,实现电动机检测装置的自检与通信线路的连通性检测。系统实现了对站场转辙机电动机的实时监测,包括转辙机电动机的故障分析与报警、实时监测显示、监测数据存储、报表生成等功能。监测界面通过站场平面图的绘制将各转辙机的实时状态直观的反馈给检测工程师,便于快速的对故障进行定位。
该系统的实时监测方案相比传统的转辙机维护方式,减小了日常电动机检修的工作量,缩短了转辙机故障的存在时间,使行车安全进一步得到了保障。系统具有可靠性、安全性、可扩展性,为完善和改进铁路道岔转辙机故障诊断提供一定的参考。
Switch as the main control device railway electric interlocking, its working reliability and safety are closely related. At this stage of the electric point machine is widely used in our country, the power provided by a DC motor. The core components of the electric switch for electric motors, has great influence on the stability of the performance of the switch. The motor switch fault detection, using the periodic test manual inspection and switch test method. The method has the disadvantages of waste of human resources, low efficiency, slow, fault location. In view of the above problems, the paper design and implement monitoring system can real-time motor acquisition point machine running state.
According to the actual situation of functional requirements and station, the system is divided into front-end detection device, data concentrator and PC monitoring software three parts. In detecting the received command, the front motor detection device to monitor the provisions of parameter acquisition, data package according to the communication protocol frame format, data will be coupled into the power line and transmitted to data collector end through the power line carrier communication technology, data concentrator to finish communication frame address conversion, and then use TCP/IP communication technology to send to the host computer monitoring software. PC monitoring software first complete the analysis of communication frame, then according to the monitoring parameter data value of motor fault analysis and display the monitoring results.The results will be inputted into database for generating monitoring log. In order to improve the system reliability, strengthened the system self-diagnostic function, connectivity detection motor detection device self-checking and communication lines. System of station field real-time monitoring motor switch, analysis, display and alarm monitoring, monitoring data storage, report generation and other functions including motor fault switch. The monitoring interface through the layout drawing of real-time state of each switch visual feedback to the test engineer, convenient and fast locate the fault.
Real-time monitoring scheme of the system compared to the traditional way of switch machine maintenance, reduce the daily motor maintenance workload, time shortens the existing fault switch machine, the guarantee safety.The system has the reliability, security, scalability, and provide some reference for perfecting the railway switch improved fault diagnosis.
根据系统功能需求并结合站场的实际情况,该系统分为前端检测装置、数据集中器和上位机监测软件三部分。其中数据集中器作为通信中间层,利用串行通信扩展模块与多个电动机检测装置连接并负责数据转发。前端电动机检测装置接收到检测命令后,完成对规定监测参量的采集后,按通信协议帧格式进行数据封装,通过电力载波通信技术将数据耦合送入电力线并传输至数据集中器端,数据集中器完成通信帧地址位转换后,再利用TCP/IP通信技术发送至上位机监测软件。上位机监测软件首先完成通信帧的解析,然后根据监测参量数据值对电动机进行故障分析并显示检测结果。检测结果将被录入数据库,形成转辙机监测日志供检测工程师查看。为提高系统的可靠性,强化了系统自诊断功能,实现电动机检测装置的自检与通信线路的连通性检测。系统实现了对站场转辙机电动机的实时监测,包括转辙机电动机的故障分析与报警、实时监测显示、监测数据存储、报表生成等功能。监测界面通过站场平面图的绘制将各转辙机的实时状态直观的反馈给检测工程师,便于快速的对故障进行定位。
该系统的实时监测方案相比传统的转辙机维护方式,减小了日常电动机检修的工作量,缩短了转辙机故障的存在时间,使行车安全进一步得到了保障。系统具有可靠性、安全性、可扩展性,为完善和改进铁路道岔转辙机故障诊断提供一定的参考。
Switch as the main control device railway electric interlocking, its working reliability and safety are closely related. At this stage of the electric point machine is widely used in our country, the power provided by a DC motor. The core components of the electric switch for electric motors, has great influence on the stability of the performance of the switch. The motor switch fault detection, using the periodic test manual inspection and switch test method. The method has the disadvantages of waste of human resources, low efficiency, slow, fault location. In view of the above problems, the paper design and implement monitoring system can real-time motor acquisition point machine running state.
According to the actual situation of functional requirements and station, the system is divided into front-end detection device, data concentrator and PC monitoring software three parts. In detecting the received command, the front motor detection device to monitor the provisions of parameter acquisition, data package according to the communication protocol frame format, data will be coupled into the power line and transmitted to data collector end through the power line carrier communication technology, data concentrator to finish communication frame address conversion, and then use TCP/IP communication technology to send to the host computer monitoring software. PC monitoring software first complete the analysis of communication frame, then according to the monitoring parameter data value of motor fault analysis and display the monitoring results.The results will be inputted into database for generating monitoring log. In order to improve the system reliability, strengthened the system self-diagnostic function, connectivity detection motor detection device self-checking and communication lines. System of station field real-time monitoring motor switch, analysis, display and alarm monitoring, monitoring data storage, report generation and other functions including motor fault switch. The monitoring interface through the layout drawing of real-time state of each switch visual feedback to the test engineer, convenient and fast locate the fault.
Real-time monitoring scheme of the system compared to the traditional way of switch machine maintenance, reduce the daily motor maintenance workload, time shortens the existing fault switch machine, the guarantee safety.The system has the reliability, security, scalability, and provide some reference for perfecting the railway switch improved fault diagnosis.
引文
[1]张晓莉.电力线载波技术在转辙机监测系统中的应用[D].同济大学硕士学位论文,2008：34-35.
[2]贺毅.道岔转辙机试验台的研制与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.03.
[3]彭志永.基于虚拟仪器的铁路电动转辙机和串励电机的综合测试系统的研制[D].西北工业大学硕士学位论文,2006：10-11.
[4]王昌长,李福祺,高胜友.电力设备的在线监测与故障诊断[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006：234-235.
[5]贺毅.道岔转辙机试验台的研制与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.03.
[6]江海洋.铁路转辙机测试与管理综合系统的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005：8-9.
[7]高晓丁,佟元江,王跃杰,纪振洪.电动转辙机工作特性分析[J].铁道通信信号.2001,37(1)：23-25.
[8]周文举.基于PL3201的载波通信远程抄表系统[J].自动化仪表.2009,30(5)：27-30.
[9]陈斌.基于PL3201的铁路道岔实时监测系统[D].湖南科技大学硕士学位论文,2007：17-18.
[10]王赞基,郭静波.电力线扩频载波通信技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化.2000,(21)：64-65.
[11]F.Zhou, M.Duta, M.Henry, et. Condition Monitoring and Validation of Railway Point Machines[J]. IEE Digest,2001,(6):75-86.
[12]安原硕人,商福昆.国外铁路转辙装置开发动向[J].中国铁路.2000,12：37-38.
[13]杜元筹,杨传琳,陶百合.电动转辙机维护[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1990.
[14]Dolezilek, D.,McDermott, B.Remote Data Monitoring and Data Analysis for Substations-A Case Study in ImPlementation[C].IEEE Power Systems Conferenee:Advaneed Metering, Proteetion, Control, Communieation, and Distributed Resources,2006.14-17 March,2006,496-500.
[15]马锋福.电气设备远程在线监测的通信方式研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2008：9-25.
[16]任喜岩,何卫东,吴永宽,李力行.转辙机可靠性试验加载装置的研制[J].大连铁道学院学报.1996,17(4)：14-16.
[17]Hubbi W. Computational method for remote meter calibration in power systems[J]. IEEE ProceedingsTransmission and Distribution.1996,143(5):393-398.
[18]郭进.铁路信号基础[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2010.
[19]William, F.Kane, Gary R. Holzhausen Constable Coastal Bluff Monitoring/Alert System for Railways. GeoTrans,2004(154):202-204.
[20]梁明,梁恩明,宋晋骥,任燕.高速电力线通信的关键技术[J].电工技术.2004,(4)：11-14.
[21]Shwehdi M H, Khan A Z. A Power Line Data Communication Interface Using Spread Spectrun Technology In Home Automation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1996, (11):5-10.
[22]杨国宇,徐炜炜,钱乐伟.扩频通信在电力线载波抄表系统中的应用[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版).2003,(1)：150-153.
[23]WenHuiqing, JiangDarning, Daishenghua The exploration on the network supervision system of the signal equipments in the QingZang Railway Autonomous Deeentralized System.The 2nd Intenational Workshop,20026(9):320-326.
[24]孙启发.S700K道岔转换与锁闭设备原理及维护知识[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2001.
[25]Kee-Young Shin, Kang Yong Le.Enhanced Time-Sync Protocol for Embedded Sensor Networks[J]. Vehieular Teehnology Conferenee,2006, (63):21-25.
[26]Wang Qinruo, Gong Shiwei.Comunication Reliability Design of Low-voltage Power Line Communieation System[J].IEEE International Conference on Systems, Manand Cybernetics 2003.(7):3030-3044.
[27]深圳市必威尔科技有限公司.BWP12产品手册.
[28]Stanley B. Lippman, Josee Lajoie. C++ Primer中文版[M].中国电力出版社,2002,04.
[29]Murray, A.Ho. New Machine Control Architecture Simplifies Washing Machine Motor Control System Development[C]. Industry Applications Conference,2006.41st IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE,2006, (3):1229-1234.
[30]谢会敏.铁路自动配电开关数据通信系统的设计[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2006：18-19.
[31]Masaaki. Introduction to robust, reliable, and High-Speed Power-Line Communication Systems[J]. Communications and Computer Sciences,2001, (12):180-183.
[32]济南有人科技有限责任公司.USR-TCP232产品手册.
[33]赵亮,侯国锐.单片机C语言编程与实例[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2003.
[34]H Meng, Y L Guan, S Chen. Modeling and Analysis of Noise Effects on B roadband Power Line Communications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005, (2): 201-203.
[35]Zimmerman M Dostert K. A Multipath Model for the Powerline Channel[J]. IEEE Trans on Communications,2002, (4):553-559.
[36]Wang Qinruo, Gong Shiwei. Communication Reliability Design of Low-voltage Power Line Communication System[J]. IEEE International Conference on System's Manand Cybernetics,2003, (7):30-40.
[37]Scott Mayers. Effective C++[M]. Addison-wesley Professional,2005,05.
[38]Jeff Prosise. MFC Windows程序设计.清华大学出版社.2007.05.
[39]N.E.Nilsson, J.Mercurio.Synchronous generator capability curve testing andevaluation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.1994,9(1):414-424.
[40]Canete F J, Cortes J A Diez L, et al. Modeling and Evaluation of the Indoor Power Line Transmission Medium[J]. IEEE communication,2003, (4):41-47.
[41]Programming Windows with MFC, Second Edition. Microsoft Press.1999.05.
[42]鲁力,张波.嵌入式TCP/IP协议的高速电网数据采集系统[J].仪器仪表学报.2009,(2)：405-409.
[43]王原丽,王丽.基于ARM的嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的实现[J].现代电子技术.2005,(22)：4-7.
[44]林士兵,袁焱.TCP/IP网络与CAN网络网关的设计与实现[J].计算机工程.2007,(3)：243-244.
[45]陶宏才等著.数据库原理及设计(第2版).清华大学出版社,2007.09.
[46]侯俊杰著.深入浅出MFC中文版.松岗出版社,1997.05.
[47]徐海军,刘金刚,王益华.基于ARM核的嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈简化实现[J].计算机应用研究.2006(10)：251-253.
[48]郑仁杰,马素霞等著.软件工程.人民邮电出版社,2009.11.
[49](美)Shari Lawrence Pfleeger,i(加).(?)oanne M.Atlee著.软件工程.杨卫东译.人民邮电出版社,2010.05.
[50]冀振燕著.UML系统分析设计与应用案例.人民邮电出版社,2003.06.
[2]贺毅.道岔转辙机试验台的研制与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.03.
[3]彭志永.基于虚拟仪器的铁路电动转辙机和串励电机的综合测试系统的研制[D].西北工业大学硕士学位论文,2006：10-11.
[4]王昌长,李福祺,高胜友.电力设备的在线监测与故障诊断[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2006：234-235.
[5]贺毅.道岔转辙机试验台的研制与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.03.
[6]江海洋.铁路转辙机测试与管理综合系统的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2005：8-9.
[7]高晓丁,佟元江,王跃杰,纪振洪.电动转辙机工作特性分析[J].铁道通信信号.2001,37(1)：23-25.
[8]周文举.基于PL3201的载波通信远程抄表系统[J].自动化仪表.2009,30(5)：27-30.
[9]陈斌.基于PL3201的铁路道岔实时监测系统[D].湖南科技大学硕士学位论文,2007：17-18.
[10]王赞基,郭静波.电力线扩频载波通信技术及其应用[J].电力系统自动化.2000,(21)：64-65.
[11]F.Zhou, M.Duta, M.Henry, et. Condition Monitoring and Validation of Railway Point Machines[J]. IEE Digest,2001,(6):75-86.
[12]安原硕人,商福昆.国外铁路转辙装置开发动向[J].中国铁路.2000,12：37-38.
[13]杜元筹,杨传琳,陶百合.电动转辙机维护[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1990.
[14]Dolezilek, D.,McDermott, B.Remote Data Monitoring and Data Analysis for Substations-A Case Study in ImPlementation[C].IEEE Power Systems Conferenee:Advaneed Metering, Proteetion, Control, Communieation, and Distributed Resources,2006.14-17 March,2006,496-500.
[15]马锋福.电气设备远程在线监测的通信方式研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2008：9-25.
[16]任喜岩,何卫东,吴永宽,李力行.转辙机可靠性试验加载装置的研制[J].大连铁道学院学报.1996,17(4)：14-16.
[17]Hubbi W. Computational method for remote meter calibration in power systems[J]. IEEE ProceedingsTransmission and Distribution.1996,143(5):393-398.
[18]郭进.铁路信号基础[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2010.
[19]William, F.Kane, Gary R. Holzhausen Constable Coastal Bluff Monitoring/Alert System for Railways. GeoTrans,2004(154):202-204.
[20]梁明,梁恩明,宋晋骥,任燕.高速电力线通信的关键技术[J].电工技术.2004,(4)：11-14.
[21]Shwehdi M H, Khan A Z. A Power Line Data Communication Interface Using Spread Spectrun Technology In Home Automation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1996, (11):5-10.
[22]杨国宇,徐炜炜,钱乐伟.扩频通信在电力线载波抄表系统中的应用[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版).2003,(1)：150-153.
[23]WenHuiqing, JiangDarning, Daishenghua The exploration on the network supervision system of the signal equipments in the QingZang Railway Autonomous Deeentralized System.The 2nd Intenational Workshop,20026(9):320-326.
[24]孙启发.S700K道岔转换与锁闭设备原理及维护知识[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2001.
[25]Kee-Young Shin, Kang Yong Le.Enhanced Time-Sync Protocol for Embedded Sensor Networks[J]. Vehieular Teehnology Conferenee,2006, (63):21-25.
[26]Wang Qinruo, Gong Shiwei.Comunication Reliability Design of Low-voltage Power Line Communieation System[J].IEEE International Conference on Systems, Manand Cybernetics 2003.(7):3030-3044.
[27]深圳市必威尔科技有限公司.BWP12产品手册.
[28]Stanley B. Lippman, Josee Lajoie. C++ Primer中文版[M].中国电力出版社,2002,04.
[29]Murray, A.Ho. New Machine Control Architecture Simplifies Washing Machine Motor Control System Development[C]. Industry Applications Conference,2006.41st IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE,2006, (3):1229-1234.
[30]谢会敏.铁路自动配电开关数据通信系统的设计[D].华中科技大学硕士学位论文,2006：18-19.
[31]Masaaki. Introduction to robust, reliable, and High-Speed Power-Line Communication Systems[J]. Communications and Computer Sciences,2001, (12):180-183.
[32]济南有人科技有限责任公司.USR-TCP232产品手册.
[33]赵亮,侯国锐.单片机C语言编程与实例[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2003.
[34]H Meng, Y L Guan, S Chen. Modeling and Analysis of Noise Effects on B roadband Power Line Communications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2005, (2): 201-203.
[35]Zimmerman M Dostert K. A Multipath Model for the Powerline Channel[J]. IEEE Trans on Communications,2002, (4):553-559.
[36]Wang Qinruo, Gong Shiwei. Communication Reliability Design of Low-voltage Power Line Communication System[J]. IEEE International Conference on System's Manand Cybernetics,2003, (7):30-40.
[37]Scott Mayers. Effective C++[M]. Addison-wesley Professional,2005,05.
[38]Jeff Prosise. MFC Windows程序设计.清华大学出版社.2007.05.
[39]N.E.Nilsson, J.Mercurio.Synchronous generator capability curve testing andevaluation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.1994,9(1):414-424.
[40]Canete F J, Cortes J A Diez L, et al. Modeling and Evaluation of the Indoor Power Line Transmission Medium[J]. IEEE communication,2003, (4):41-47.
[41]Programming Windows with MFC, Second Edition. Microsoft Press.1999.05.
[42]鲁力,张波.嵌入式TCP/IP协议的高速电网数据采集系统[J].仪器仪表学报.2009,(2)：405-409.
[43]王原丽,王丽.基于ARM的嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈的实现[J].现代电子技术.2005,(22)：4-7.
[44]林士兵,袁焱.TCP/IP网络与CAN网络网关的设计与实现[J].计算机工程.2007,(3)：243-244.
[45]陶宏才等著.数据库原理及设计(第2版).清华大学出版社,2007.09.
[46]侯俊杰著.深入浅出MFC中文版.松岗出版社,1997.05.
[47]徐海军,刘金刚,王益华.基于ARM核的嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈简化实现[J].计算机应用研究.2006(10)：251-253.
[48]郑仁杰,马素霞等著.软件工程.人民邮电出版社,2009.11.
[49](美)Shari Lawrence Pfleeger,i(加).(?)oanne M.Atlee著.软件工程.杨卫东译.人民邮电出版社,2010.05.
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