特殊微生物处理餐饮废水的试验研究
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摘要
本论文采用特殊微生物处理餐饮废水,目的在于寻找一种高效简便的处理方法。特殊微生物是指与传统微生物相区别的,从自然界筛选出来的多种有益微生物,用特定的方法混合培养所形成的微生物复合体系,也可称为高效复合菌。论文对两种特殊微生物进行了比较,选取一种效果较好的特殊微生物——液可清(ACF32)进行餐饮废水的处理。试验处理的废水为某酒店的经过隔油池的废水,试验中未再进行隔油处理,试验方法为在废水中直接投加特殊微生物,监测进水和出水的COD。试验结果表明:
(1) 在对ACF32进行的复壮试验中,分别使用了蜂蜜、经隔油处理的餐饮废水和未经隔油处理的餐饮废水作为营养物质,试验结果显示用蜂蜜和经过隔油处理的废水复壮都是可行的。用经过隔油处理的餐饮废水进行复壮试验时,当混合液中ACF32原液比例为1%,废水比例为5%时,复壮效果最佳,经过7天可完成复壮。
(2) 在特殊微生物处理餐饮废水的单因素影响试验中,考察了曝气条件、pH值、温度、处理时间、特殊微生物投加量以及特殊微生物原液与复壮液的影响。
(3) 在单因素试验中确定各因素的最佳条件为:曝气条件为间歇曝气,曝3小时停3小时;采用特殊微生物复壮液效果较好;pH值为5.0;温度为30℃;处理时间为36小时;投加量为10mL。
(4) 根据各单因素试验的结果,选取对处理效果影响较大的四个因素进行了正交试验。选取了L_9(3~4)正交表,选择了温度、pH值、处理时间、ACF32复壮液投加量四个因素,进行四因素三水平的试验。试验确定了最佳工艺条件为:废水温度为30℃;处理时间为24小时;废水pH值为5.0;ACF32复壮液投加量为10mL。在这种条件下废水的COD去除率为85.8%。
(5) 使用液可清(ACF32)对餐饮废水进行了连续试验,经过7天的试验,对每天的进水和出水的SS、COD、NH_3-N、TP进行了检测。结果显示:SS去除率维持在50%～60%之间,最大去除率为60.3%,出水SS最低为48mg/L:COD去除率都在80%以上,最大去除率为86.6%;NH_3-N去除率稳定在60%～85%之间,最大去除率为85%,出水NH_3-N最低为3mg/L;TP去除率在68.6%～77.1%之间,出水TP为0.52～1.42 mg/L。各出水指标基本都可以达到污水综合排放标准(GB9878-1996)的二级标准。
It is treated the restaurant wastewater by a special microognism in this paper. The purpose lies in looking for a kind of high-efficient and simple and convenient treatment method. The special microorganism is different from traditional microorganism. It includes many kinds useful microognism selected from nature. It is the microorganism compound system mixed cultivated by specific means, Also called the high-efficiently composited fungus. The paper compares two kinds of special microorganism, and then choose a kind of special microorganism with better result --The Aqua Clean (ACF32 ) to carry on the treatment of the restaurant wastewater. The experimented wastewater is the wastewater from the oil trap of a hotel. It is not processed oil removal in the experiment. The experiment method is that: throw and add the special microorganism directly to the wastewater fist, and then take measure of the COD of the influent and effluent water. The result of the experiment shows :(l)It uses the honey, the restaurant wastewater removed oil and the restaurant wastewater with oil as the nutrient matter in the rejuvenescence experiment with ACF32. The result shows that the rejuvenescence experiment with honey or the restaurant removed oil is feasible. When the percentage of the ACF32 stock solution is 1%, and that the restaurant wastewater removed oil is 5%, the rejuvenescence effect in the rejuvenescence experiment with the restaurant removed oil is the best. The rejuvenscence experiment is finished after seven day.(2)In the single factor experiment treated the restaurant wastewater with the special microognism, it is saw about aeration condition, pH, temperature, treatment time, the addition amount of the special microognism, and the effect of the stock solution and the rejuvenscence liquid.(3)The best factor is that: the aeration condition is intermission aeration, aerate three hours, and then stop three hours. The pH is 5.0. The temperature is 30℃. The treatment time is thirty-six hours. The amount of the special microognism is 10mL. Use the rejuvenscence liquid.(4) The orthogonal test is carried out with four greater factors effected on the treatment. It is selected the L_9 (3~4) orthogonal table to go on the experiment with four factors and three levels. The four selected factor are temperature, pH, treatment time,
the addition amount. The experiment defines the best factors: The temperature is 30°C. The pH is 5.0. The treatment time is thirty-six hours. The amount of the special microognism is lOmL. In these factors, the COD removal percentage is 85.8%.(5)In seven days' continual experiment, it takes measure of the COD of everyday influent and effluent water. The result shows: the removal percentage of SS is 50%~60%, the maximum removal percentage is 60.3%, the minimum SS of the effluent is 48mg/L;all the removal percentage of COD are over 80%, the maximum removal percentage is 86.6%;the removal percentage of NH3-N is 60%~85%, the maximum removal percentage is 85%, the minimum NH3-N of the effluent is 3mg/L;the removal percentage of TP is 68.6%~77.1%, the TP of the effluent is 0.52-1.42mg/L. Every effluent water quality index can satisfy the secondary standard of the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996).
(1) 在对ACF32进行的复壮试验中,分别使用了蜂蜜、经隔油处理的餐饮废水和未经隔油处理的餐饮废水作为营养物质,试验结果显示用蜂蜜和经过隔油处理的废水复壮都是可行的。用经过隔油处理的餐饮废水进行复壮试验时,当混合液中ACF32原液比例为1%,废水比例为5%时,复壮效果最佳,经过7天可完成复壮。
(2) 在特殊微生物处理餐饮废水的单因素影响试验中,考察了曝气条件、pH值、温度、处理时间、特殊微生物投加量以及特殊微生物原液与复壮液的影响。
(3) 在单因素试验中确定各因素的最佳条件为:曝气条件为间歇曝气,曝3小时停3小时;采用特殊微生物复壮液效果较好;pH值为5.0;温度为30℃;处理时间为36小时;投加量为10mL。
(4) 根据各单因素试验的结果,选取对处理效果影响较大的四个因素进行了正交试验。选取了L_9(3~4)正交表,选择了温度、pH值、处理时间、ACF32复壮液投加量四个因素,进行四因素三水平的试验。试验确定了最佳工艺条件为:废水温度为30℃;处理时间为24小时;废水pH值为5.0;ACF32复壮液投加量为10mL。在这种条件下废水的COD去除率为85.8%。
(5) 使用液可清(ACF32)对餐饮废水进行了连续试验,经过7天的试验,对每天的进水和出水的SS、COD、NH_3-N、TP进行了检测。结果显示:SS去除率维持在50%～60%之间,最大去除率为60.3%,出水SS最低为48mg/L:COD去除率都在80%以上,最大去除率为86.6%;NH_3-N去除率稳定在60%～85%之间,最大去除率为85%,出水NH_3-N最低为3mg/L;TP去除率在68.6%～77.1%之间,出水TP为0.52～1.42 mg/L。各出水指标基本都可以达到污水综合排放标准(GB9878-1996)的二级标准。
It is treated the restaurant wastewater by a special microognism in this paper. The purpose lies in looking for a kind of high-efficient and simple and convenient treatment method. The special microorganism is different from traditional microorganism. It includes many kinds useful microognism selected from nature. It is the microorganism compound system mixed cultivated by specific means, Also called the high-efficiently composited fungus. The paper compares two kinds of special microorganism, and then choose a kind of special microorganism with better result --The Aqua Clean (ACF32 ) to carry on the treatment of the restaurant wastewater. The experimented wastewater is the wastewater from the oil trap of a hotel. It is not processed oil removal in the experiment. The experiment method is that: throw and add the special microorganism directly to the wastewater fist, and then take measure of the COD of the influent and effluent water. The result of the experiment shows :(l)It uses the honey, the restaurant wastewater removed oil and the restaurant wastewater with oil as the nutrient matter in the rejuvenescence experiment with ACF32. The result shows that the rejuvenescence experiment with honey or the restaurant removed oil is feasible. When the percentage of the ACF32 stock solution is 1%, and that the restaurant wastewater removed oil is 5%, the rejuvenescence effect in the rejuvenescence experiment with the restaurant removed oil is the best. The rejuvenscence experiment is finished after seven day.(2)In the single factor experiment treated the restaurant wastewater with the special microognism, it is saw about aeration condition, pH, temperature, treatment time, the addition amount of the special microognism, and the effect of the stock solution and the rejuvenscence liquid.(3)The best factor is that: the aeration condition is intermission aeration, aerate three hours, and then stop three hours. The pH is 5.0. The temperature is 30℃. The treatment time is thirty-six hours. The amount of the special microognism is 10mL. Use the rejuvenscence liquid.(4) The orthogonal test is carried out with four greater factors effected on the treatment. It is selected the L_9 (3~4) orthogonal table to go on the experiment with four factors and three levels. The four selected factor are temperature, pH, treatment time,
the addition amount. The experiment defines the best factors: The temperature is 30°C. The pH is 5.0. The treatment time is thirty-six hours. The amount of the special microognism is lOmL. In these factors, the COD removal percentage is 85.8%.(5)In seven days' continual experiment, it takes measure of the COD of everyday influent and effluent water. The result shows: the removal percentage of SS is 50%~60%, the maximum removal percentage is 60.3%, the minimum SS of the effluent is 48mg/L;all the removal percentage of COD are over 80%, the maximum removal percentage is 86.6%;the removal percentage of NH3-N is 60%~85%, the maximum removal percentage is 85%, the minimum NH3-N of the effluent is 3mg/L;the removal percentage of TP is 68.6%~77.1%, the TP of the effluent is 0.52-1.42mg/L. Every effluent water quality index can satisfy the secondary standard of the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996).
引文
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[3] N. G. Wakelin, C. F. Forster. An investigation into microbial removal of fats, oils and greas [J]. Bioresouce Technology, 1997, 59:37-43
[4] 江小林,应启明,陈威.餐厅污水快速预处理方法研究[J].给水排 水,1999,25(3):6-8
[5] 刘葵,唐明明,林宁.混凝法处理餐饮废水的研究[J].化工技术与开发.2003,32(6):43—46
[6] 朱又春,罗爱武,林美强等.磁分离法处理含油废水研究[J].广东工业大学学报,1998,16(2):15—20
[7] 朱又春,曾胜.磁分离法处理餐饮污水的除油机理[J].中国给水排水,2002,(7):41—43
[8] 曾胜,朱又春.混凝磁分离法处理厨房废水[J].中国给水排水,1999,15(7):1—4
[9] 丁保宏,马瑞廷,宋波.聚硅酸铝絮凝处理餐饮废水的研究[J].辽宁化工,2004,33(3):139—142
[10] 李红兵,顾国维,谢维民.中空纤维膜生物反应器处理生活污水的特性.环境科学,1999,20(2):53-56
[11] Bailey A D, Hansfort G S, Dold P L. The use of cross-flow microfiltration to enhance the performance of an activated sludge reactor. Water Research, 1994, 28:297-301
[12] Manem J. Membrance bioreactors for waste water treatment and drinking water production. Proceedings of the 3rd world congress of the world federation of engineering organizations. Oct 10-12,1993, Beijing, China, 907-914
[13] Chaize S, Huyard A. Membrane bioreactor on domestic wastewater treatment: sludge production and modeling approach. Water Scientific Technology, 1991, 23:1591-1600
[14] Muller I B, Stoughamber A H. Aerobic domestic wastewater treatment in a pilot plant with complete sludge retention by cross-flow filtration. Water research, 1995, 29(4): 1179-1189
[15] 宁平,王宏,周旭.餐饮废水膜—生物反应器[J].膜科学与技术.2002,22(1):36-38
[16] Huyard A, Trouve E, Manem J. Recent advances on membrane bioreactors applications to water and wastewater treatment. Procession of the euromembrane infiltraconference. Paris, 1992, 6(21):189-193
[17] 何毅等.膜一好氧组合工艺处理餐饮废水的研究[J].南京工业大学学报.2002,22(1):90—93
[18] 张志等.复合厌氧颗粒床处理餐饮废水的研究[J].环境工程.2002,22(2):25—27
[19] 白中炎,胡勇有,黄瑞敏等.厌氧膜床处理小型餐饮废水的启动研究[J].工业水处理.2003,23(5):41—43
[20] 张景丽,曹占平.UASB+AF—接触氧化联合工艺处理餐饮废水的试验[J].天津城市建设学院学报.2004,10(1):50—53
[21] Jun Nakajima, Yoko Fujimura and Yuhei Inamori, Performance E-valuation of On. site Treatment Facilities for Wastewater from House. Holds HotelsandRestaurants[J]. wat. Sci. Tech, 1999, 39(8):85-92
[22] Xueming Chen, Guohua Chen, Polock Yue. Separation of pollutants from restaurant wastewater by electrocoagulation [J]. Separation andPurification Technology. 2000,19:65-76
[23] Ford. D. L. and R. L. Elton, Removal oil and Grease on Industrial Waste Waters[J]. chem. Eng 1977, 17(10):49-56
[24] 林辉,甘复兴,田芳.脉冲电絮凝法处理餐饮废水的研究[J].武汉大学学报(理学版).2003,49(6):720-724
[25] 宋卫锋,朱又春,林美强.脉冲电解处理餐饮废水的试验研究 [J].四川环境.2003,22(3):1—3
[26] 周群英,高廷耀.环境工程微生物学(第二版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社.2003
[27] 李雪梅.有效微生物群控制富营养化湖泊蓝藻的效应[J].中山大学学报(自科版),2000,39(1):81—85
[28] 王平,吴晓笑,李科林等.有效微生物群(EM)抑藻效应研究[J].环境科学研究,2004,17(3):34—38
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