几种观赏植物的组织培养与快速繁殖技术研究
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摘要
植物组织培养技术在观赏植物快速繁殖中的应用越来越广泛。我们选取了观赏价值较高、市场潜力较大、尚没有组织培养报道的菊藻(Limnophila sessiliflora BI.)、蜈蚣珊瑚(Pedilanthus tithymaloides(L.)Poit.var.nanus)、白萼吊钟海棠(Fuchsiaalba-coccinea Hort.)和组培技术尚不成熟的夏蜡梅(Sinocalycanthus chinensis Cheng etS.Y.Chang)等4种植物,分别作为水生草本、常绿草本、常绿灌木和落叶灌木的代表,进行组织培养与快速繁殖技术的研究。以菊藻、蜈蚣珊瑚和白萼吊钟海棠的带节茎段为外植体,研究了茎段不同部位作为外植体的灭菌效果、各外植体灭菌方法和灭菌时间的确定;优化了愈伤组织的诱导与分化培养基、增殖培养基和生根培养基中植物生长调节物的浓度和配比;提出了抑制试管苗褐化和玻璃化的培养条件;形成了适宜于炼苗与移栽等的技术措施;建立了菊藻、白萼吊钟海棠和蜈蚣珊瑚的组织培养与快速繁殖技术体系。同时,以幼苗子叶节为外植体,对夏蜡梅组织培养技术进行了初步探索,并获得了再生植株。
Plant tissue culture, one of the basic components of plant biotechnology, has found its more and more applications in rapid clonal propagation of ornamental plants. Limnophila sessiliflora, Fuchsia alba-coccinea, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, and Sinocalycanthus chinensis are commercially potential ornamental species with high ornamental value. The plant tissue culture techniques are not currently available in these four plant species. In this research, L. sessiliflora, F. alba-coccinea, P. tithymaloides, and S. chinensis were chosen as the representatives of herbaceous hydrophyte, ever-green shrub, ever-green herb, and deciduous shrub, respectively, for developing the tissue culture and rapid propagation techniques. Nodal stem fragments from L. sessiliflora, F. alba-coccinea, P. tithymaloides were used as explants with the objective to establish flexible plant tissue culture techniques. The effects of different nodal stem explants and the sterilization method and duration on the initial culture and callus induction were investigated. The media for differentiation, multiplication, and rooting were optimized with respect to the concentrations and ratios of supplemented growth regulators. Various cultural conditions for the controlling or alleviating explant browning and plantlet vitrification were evaluated. Technical measures for hardening and transplanting were also analyzed. Therefore, it is suggested that plant tissue culture and rapid propagation techniques for L. sessiliflora, F. alba-coccinea, P. tithymaloides be successfully established. In addition, primary investigation was performed to develop the tissue culture technique for Sinocalycanthus chinensis by using nodal cotyledon of seedlings as explants, and the regenerated plantlets were obtained.
Plant tissue culture, one of the basic components of plant biotechnology, has found its more and more applications in rapid clonal propagation of ornamental plants. Limnophila sessiliflora, Fuchsia alba-coccinea, Pedilanthus tithymaloides, and Sinocalycanthus chinensis are commercially potential ornamental species with high ornamental value. The plant tissue culture techniques are not currently available in these four plant species. In this research, L. sessiliflora, F. alba-coccinea, P. tithymaloides, and S. chinensis were chosen as the representatives of herbaceous hydrophyte, ever-green shrub, ever-green herb, and deciduous shrub, respectively, for developing the tissue culture and rapid propagation techniques. Nodal stem fragments from L. sessiliflora, F. alba-coccinea, P. tithymaloides were used as explants with the objective to establish flexible plant tissue culture techniques. The effects of different nodal stem explants and the sterilization method and duration on the initial culture and callus induction were investigated. The media for differentiation, multiplication, and rooting were optimized with respect to the concentrations and ratios of supplemented growth regulators. Various cultural conditions for the controlling or alleviating explant browning and plantlet vitrification were evaluated. Technical measures for hardening and transplanting were also analyzed. Therefore, it is suggested that plant tissue culture and rapid propagation techniques for L. sessiliflora, F. alba-coccinea, P. tithymaloides be successfully established. In addition, primary investigation was performed to develop the tissue culture technique for Sinocalycanthus chinensis by using nodal cotyledon of seedlings as explants, and the regenerated plantlets were obtained.
引文
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