东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷古近系层序地层与沉积体系研究
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摘要
西湖凹陷系位于东海陆架盆地东北部的北北东向延伸的最深凹陷,通过西湖凹陷已获探明、控制和预测的石油和天然气的储量,以及远景资源量,可知西湖凹陷油气前景喜人,因此是东海陆架盆地勘探的主战场。论文选题基于油气勘探的需要以及层序地层学在岩性油藏分布预测中的重要作用,以平湖组和花港组作为主要的研究目的层段。
论文的主要研究内容包括以下几个方面:
根据单井的测井曲线特征、岩性岩相组合、岩心相剖面特征及INPEFA曲线,将研究区划分为五个完整三级层序:平湖组五段(SⅢ1),平湖组三四段(SⅢ2),平湖组一二段(SⅢ3),花港组下段(SⅢ4),花港组上段(SⅢ5)。选取12口单井进行高精度层序地层划分。通过单井层序地层的系统分析,建立了等时地层格架。
依据“岩心刻度测井”原则,利用岩芯资料确定单井沉积相,识别出河流相、河控三角洲相、湖相、辫状三角洲相、扇三角洲相、受潮汐影响的三角洲相、潮坪相及其所包含的十六种沉积亚相。在单井沉积相分析的基础上,进行联井沉积相对比,以三级层序为对比单元进行了剖面沉积相的对比和分析。
利用地震剖面上的反射特征对西湖凹陷古近系地层划分出了平行与亚平行相、发散相、前积相、乱岗相、杂乱相、空白或无反射相、席状相、楔形相、透镜状相、丘状相、充填相等地震相类型。
陡坡区以楔形杂乱相为主,一般为扇三角洲的地震响应;缓坡区斜交前积相为主要特征,在平湖组为受潮汐影响的三角洲,花港组为河控三角洲;中央隆起带以前积相为主,一般为扇三角洲在前积过程中转化成的辫状三角洲;介于缓坡区与中央隆起带之间以平行亚平行相为主,沉积相上对应潮坪相、滨浅海、前三角洲-滨浅湖相。根据地震相与沉积相的对应关系,绘制了地震地质解释剖面图。
鉴于开展沉积体系的研究是进行储层评价和预测的基础,本文首先对研究区进行了详细的物源分析,然后参考沉积相和地震相资料,再根据区域沉积格局和沉积作用特点,识别出研究区不同层序的沉积体系分布特征:平湖组五段为被动大陆边缘的开放海环境,发育河流-海相三角洲沉积体系、海洋沉积体系;平湖组一段到四段为半封闭-封闭的海湾环境,河流-海相三角洲沉积体系以及海湾沉积体系占主体;花港组为陆相盆地坳陷期环境,主要为河流-三角洲-湖泊沉积体系。
本论文的特色之处在于应用INPEFA技术,对西湖凹陷古近系部分三级层序、四级层序分层数据进行了重新划分,使海水基准面上升与下降旋回界线更加精确。
Xihu sag is NNE-extension,which is the deepest sag in the northeast of the East China sea shelf basin. The oil and gas reserves has been proven,controlled and forecast,and the Long-term resources, Show that the encouraging prospects of the Xihu Sag. Therefore which is the main battlefield of exploration of the East China Sea shelf basin. Based on the needs of oil and gas exploration and the significance of Sequence stratigraphy in the prediction of lithological reservoir distribution,the Pinghu formation and Xihu formation were chosen as the main purpose of the objective interval.
The contents of this paper are presented as follows:
The seismic and logging information is indicaed that there are five unconformity surfaces in Paleogen, Xihu sag. With these unconformity surfaces and the corresponding conformity surfaces, the research area can be divided into five stratigraphic sequences, SequenceⅠ(the fifth member in Pinghu Fm.), SequenceⅡ(the third and fourth member in Pinghu Fm.), SequenceⅢ(the first and second member in Pinghu Fm.) , SequenceⅣ(lower of Huagang Fm.),and SequenceⅤ(upper of Huagang Fm.).The stratum data of part of SequenceⅢand part of SequenceⅣwere redrew by applying the INPEFA technology.
Classified individual well lithologic sequence and facies about 9 Wells in the region, studied seismic and sedimentary facies, built sedimentary facies and subfacies classification system, which suit the region crop ,of which logging and seismic could be identified.Seven kinds of sedimentary pattern and sixteen are recognized,which are fluvial facies,lake facies,river delta pattern,fan delta pattern,braided delta pattern, tidal delta pattern and tidal-flat facies. And more detailed classifieation of sedimentary subfacies and microfacies for each sedimentary facies are also made in the work. According to the facies have been recognized,profiles of wells-correlation are made to show the stratum comparison.
The analysis for sequence stratigraphy in 12 single well is base on the characters of well logging , lithology, drilling core and INPEFA wells. The division of seismic sequence is contributed according to the unconformity surfaces. Based on the resources mentioned above,the paper establish the Paleogen high resolution isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework.
In light of the seismic facics classification principle of external geometric shape plus internal reffector configuration, seven seismic facies, including parallel or sub-parallel sheet facies, lens pattern,disorderly filling facies, progradation facies, hummocky facies, and wedge facies, are recognized from the seismic reflection corresponding to Pinghu Formation and Xihu formation which are prospective for oil and gas exploration. Craggedness is mainly wedge clutter pattern, and belong to fan-delta seismic response; gently zone is mainly progradation facies, belong to river or tidal delta seismic response; the central uplift belt corresponds to braided delta,which come from the fan-delta;the rear between the Craggedness and the central uplift belt filled with middle swing pattern and middle-high frequency which reflect shore-shallow lake facies.The Geological interpretation of seismic profiles are made accoring to the relationship between the seismic facies and the sedimentary facies.
Considering that the research about the deposional system is the foundation of reservoir evaluation and prediction,Firstly, this thesis probe the direction of minerals source;then,referance the seismic facies and the sedimentary facies material,and according to region sedimentary frame and sedimentary action, this thesis discussing the distribution of depositional systems on different phases.
The contribution of this thesis is that sequence boundries between the base level asending and descending are more precise by applying the INPEFA technology.
论文的主要研究内容包括以下几个方面:
根据单井的测井曲线特征、岩性岩相组合、岩心相剖面特征及INPEFA曲线,将研究区划分为五个完整三级层序:平湖组五段(SⅢ1),平湖组三四段(SⅢ2),平湖组一二段(SⅢ3),花港组下段(SⅢ4),花港组上段(SⅢ5)。选取12口单井进行高精度层序地层划分。通过单井层序地层的系统分析,建立了等时地层格架。
依据“岩心刻度测井”原则,利用岩芯资料确定单井沉积相,识别出河流相、河控三角洲相、湖相、辫状三角洲相、扇三角洲相、受潮汐影响的三角洲相、潮坪相及其所包含的十六种沉积亚相。在单井沉积相分析的基础上,进行联井沉积相对比,以三级层序为对比单元进行了剖面沉积相的对比和分析。
利用地震剖面上的反射特征对西湖凹陷古近系地层划分出了平行与亚平行相、发散相、前积相、乱岗相、杂乱相、空白或无反射相、席状相、楔形相、透镜状相、丘状相、充填相等地震相类型。
陡坡区以楔形杂乱相为主,一般为扇三角洲的地震响应;缓坡区斜交前积相为主要特征,在平湖组为受潮汐影响的三角洲,花港组为河控三角洲;中央隆起带以前积相为主,一般为扇三角洲在前积过程中转化成的辫状三角洲;介于缓坡区与中央隆起带之间以平行亚平行相为主,沉积相上对应潮坪相、滨浅海、前三角洲-滨浅湖相。根据地震相与沉积相的对应关系,绘制了地震地质解释剖面图。
鉴于开展沉积体系的研究是进行储层评价和预测的基础,本文首先对研究区进行了详细的物源分析,然后参考沉积相和地震相资料,再根据区域沉积格局和沉积作用特点,识别出研究区不同层序的沉积体系分布特征:平湖组五段为被动大陆边缘的开放海环境,发育河流-海相三角洲沉积体系、海洋沉积体系;平湖组一段到四段为半封闭-封闭的海湾环境,河流-海相三角洲沉积体系以及海湾沉积体系占主体;花港组为陆相盆地坳陷期环境,主要为河流-三角洲-湖泊沉积体系。
本论文的特色之处在于应用INPEFA技术,对西湖凹陷古近系部分三级层序、四级层序分层数据进行了重新划分,使海水基准面上升与下降旋回界线更加精确。
Xihu sag is NNE-extension,which is the deepest sag in the northeast of the East China sea shelf basin. The oil and gas reserves has been proven,controlled and forecast,and the Long-term resources, Show that the encouraging prospects of the Xihu Sag. Therefore which is the main battlefield of exploration of the East China Sea shelf basin. Based on the needs of oil and gas exploration and the significance of Sequence stratigraphy in the prediction of lithological reservoir distribution,the Pinghu formation and Xihu formation were chosen as the main purpose of the objective interval.
The contents of this paper are presented as follows:
The seismic and logging information is indicaed that there are five unconformity surfaces in Paleogen, Xihu sag. With these unconformity surfaces and the corresponding conformity surfaces, the research area can be divided into five stratigraphic sequences, SequenceⅠ(the fifth member in Pinghu Fm.), SequenceⅡ(the third and fourth member in Pinghu Fm.), SequenceⅢ(the first and second member in Pinghu Fm.) , SequenceⅣ(lower of Huagang Fm.),and SequenceⅤ(upper of Huagang Fm.).The stratum data of part of SequenceⅢand part of SequenceⅣwere redrew by applying the INPEFA technology.
Classified individual well lithologic sequence and facies about 9 Wells in the region, studied seismic and sedimentary facies, built sedimentary facies and subfacies classification system, which suit the region crop ,of which logging and seismic could be identified.Seven kinds of sedimentary pattern and sixteen are recognized,which are fluvial facies,lake facies,river delta pattern,fan delta pattern,braided delta pattern, tidal delta pattern and tidal-flat facies. And more detailed classifieation of sedimentary subfacies and microfacies for each sedimentary facies are also made in the work. According to the facies have been recognized,profiles of wells-correlation are made to show the stratum comparison.
The analysis for sequence stratigraphy in 12 single well is base on the characters of well logging , lithology, drilling core and INPEFA wells. The division of seismic sequence is contributed according to the unconformity surfaces. Based on the resources mentioned above,the paper establish the Paleogen high resolution isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework.
In light of the seismic facics classification principle of external geometric shape plus internal reffector configuration, seven seismic facies, including parallel or sub-parallel sheet facies, lens pattern,disorderly filling facies, progradation facies, hummocky facies, and wedge facies, are recognized from the seismic reflection corresponding to Pinghu Formation and Xihu formation which are prospective for oil and gas exploration. Craggedness is mainly wedge clutter pattern, and belong to fan-delta seismic response; gently zone is mainly progradation facies, belong to river or tidal delta seismic response; the central uplift belt corresponds to braided delta,which come from the fan-delta;the rear between the Craggedness and the central uplift belt filled with middle swing pattern and middle-high frequency which reflect shore-shallow lake facies.The Geological interpretation of seismic profiles are made accoring to the relationship between the seismic facies and the sedimentary facies.
Considering that the research about the deposional system is the foundation of reservoir evaluation and prediction,Firstly, this thesis probe the direction of minerals source;then,referance the seismic facies and the sedimentary facies material,and according to region sedimentary frame and sedimentary action, this thesis discussing the distribution of depositional systems on different phases.
The contribution of this thesis is that sequence boundries between the base level asending and descending are more precise by applying the INPEFA technology.
引文
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