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营销渠道风险管理研究
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摘要
营销渠道是企业市场营销的重要因素。一方面,中国加入WTO后,众多的大型跨国公司和实力雄厚的企业集团将到中国来占领市场,他们的到来将会使国内某些行业现有企业营销渠道发生重大变革。另一方面,由于国内产品的同质化趋势,国外产品的技术、质量、成本优势,对大多数中国企业而言,渠道这个与本土有着密切联系的营销要素更显价值。然而营销渠道受市场环境影响较大,易发生变化。企业如若不能随时跟踪渠道进行风险防范,将在竞争中处于不利的地位。
     本论文正是在这样一个前提下,首先在第1章中阐述了与营销渠道风险管理研究相关的概念,明确了容易混淆的几个问题;指出了营销渠道风险管理研究的重要意义;紧接着便阐明了营销渠道风险的概念及其研究目标、中国的研究背景;提出了营销渠道风险管理研究的理论依据、体系、方法,为后文的阐述扫清了障碍。在第2章,开章摆出了营销渠道风险在中国市场的客观表现,进而按照营销渠道的设计、建设、运作和管理这样一个大的线索将营销渠道的风险进行了分类,并在分类的基础上,分析了营销渠道风险产生的根源,从而引出了第3章。在第3章中,本文将营销渠道视为一个系统,从纵向和横向两个方面出发,分别引入成本会计中的作业成本法思想、体系和工程管理学中的可拓学原理、优度评价模型。提出作业风险法来解决营销渠道系统风险中纵向问题,即某条渠道如何识别风险、预警风险的问题;建立营销渠道风险优度评价模型来解决营销渠道系统风险中的横向问题,即多条渠道如何适时比较其风险,排除风险较大渠道优化营销渠道系统的问题。最后,在第4章中,根据前文论述的思想、方法得出全文结论:在中国这个开放、不健全的市场中,企业和政府必须各尽其能,共同来完善营销渠道风险的防范系统。作为在现代买方市场中的企业,应该做到强化营销风险预警系统,优化营销渠道风险管理系统。政府则应该为各工商企业提供一个有法律依据的公平竞争环境,并且引导渠道链上各性质企业朝着专业分工方向继续创新,以减少营销渠道系统风险。
The marketing channel is the important factor of enterprise marketing. On the one hand, many large-scale translational corporations and strengthened enterprises will arrive in China to capture market after China has joined the WTO, their arrival will make some internal enterprises of some industries occur the great revolution. On the other hand, as far as most China enterprises, this marketing essential factor, marketing channel, which has possessed the close contract with the mainland, is apparent value owing to the homogeneity trend of the internal product, the technology, quality and cost superiority of abroad product. While marketing channel is affected by market environment greatly, so it easily occurs change. If the enterprise can not follow the tracks of marketing channel to avoid risk, it will be in the unfavorable position in the competition.
    Under such premise, in the first chapter, this thesis firstly expounds some concepts related to marketing channel risk management research; clears and defines several easily obscured problems; points out the important meaning of this research; expounds the concept of marketing channel risk and research object, Chinese market research background; puts forward theory basis, method system of marketing channel risk management research; Clears away the obstacles of the following parts.
    At the beginning of the second chapter, the author presents objective manifestations of marketing channel risk in Chinese market, and classify the marketing channel risk according to the main clue of designs, constructions, operations and management. On the basis of classification, paper analyzes the source of it, and then causes the third chapter.
    In the third chapter, paper considers marketing channel as a system, introduces respectively activity based cost thoughts, body and extenicls theory, priority degree model of engineering management; Puts from virtual and horizontal aspects; Presents activity risk to solve virtual problem of marketing channel system, namely how to discern risk and warn risk; Sets up marketing channel risk priority degree model to solve the horizontal problems. Which means how to compare several channels' risk, remove the big risk one and qualify the marketing channel system?
    Finally, in the forth chapter, paper draws conclusions according the thoughts., methods above: In the open and not perfect China market, Enterprises and government must do their best to perfect the avoiding marketing channel risk system. As the enterprises in the modern buying market, we must strengthen marketing risk warning system, and optimize the marketing channel risk management system. But the government should provide a fair competition environment that has the law basis for each industry and commerce enterprise.
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