聚羧酸型分散剂的合成及其对超细颜料的分散作用
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摘要
在数字喷墨印花中，墨水是其发展的关键因素之一。颜料型墨水性能优异，是喷墨印花墨水发展的主流，但其分散的不稳定性制约了数字喷墨印花技术的发展。为解决颜料的分散稳定性，本实验合成了聚羧酸型分散剂苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)，探讨了反应温度、引发剂用量、单体配比等因素对聚合物特性粘度的影响。结果表明，随着反应温度的升高或引发剂的用量增大，聚合物的特性粘度降低。用红外光谱法(FT-IR)、滴定法、核磁共振(~(13)C NMR)、凝胶色谱(GPC)法等从结构组成、单体含量、序列结构、分子量大小等方面对聚合物进行了表征，结果表明所合成的高分子分散剂为苯乙烯-马来酸酐以交替共聚为主的无规聚合物；GPC测得的共聚物的数均分子量为27，599，多分散指数为2.35。
将合成的高分子分散剂SMA应用于有机颜料的超细化加工，分别从沉降稳定性、粘度、粒径等方面对超细颜料墨水的分散稳定性进行了分析，确定了具有较好分散稳定性的聚羧酸分散剂的合成工艺。超细颜料墨水的离心沉降稳定性随着SMA聚合反应温度的升高而增加；随着引发剂用量的增加和单体配比的变化出现先增加后减少的趋势，具有极大值；添加亲油性第三单体超细颜料的分散稳定性降低。分散剂用量不变时，随着分散次数的增加超细颜料的粒径逐渐减少，离心沉降稳定性逐渐提高，当分散次数达到15次时基本不再发生变化。随着分散剂用量的增加，超细颜料的粒径逐渐减小；墨水的粘度开始时基本不发生变化，当颜料／分散剂大于4／1时急剧增加；超细颜料墨水的离心沉降稳定性逐渐增加，趋于稳定。SEM的分析结果与离心沉降稳定性的测试结果基本一致。
随着超细颜料墨水中二甘醇用量的增加，体系的粘度不断增加，离心沉降稳定性提高，颜料粒径减小。所合成的分散剂的pH值使用范围为7-8，此时颜料的粒径较小，分散稳定性较高。与普通分散剂相比，所合成的分散剂在Zeta电位、粘度、粒径、分散稳定性等方面具有跟更好的性能。
Ink-jet ink is one of the most important factors in digital printing of textiles. Pigment ink is superior to dye ink in many properties, but the poor dispersing stability makes it difficult to be used. A poly-carboxylic dispersant was synthesized by solution polymerization method to improve the dispersing stability of pigment ink-jet inks.
The factors such as the polymerization temperature, the dosage of initiator, the proportion of monomers were investigated. It was found that increasing the temperature and amount of initiator decreased the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer. The synthesized copolymer was characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR), 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(13C NMR) and Gel Permeation Chromatography(GPC). The FT-IR spectrum showed that the copolymer consisted of styrene and maleic anhydride. The data of 13C NMR indicated that the polymer was a random copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride arranged alternatively in the macromolecular chain. And the GPC indicated that the number-average molecular was 27,599 and the polydispersity was 2.35.
The synthesis conditions of SMA influenced the dispersibility of the pigment ink-jet inks. When the temperature increased the dispersibility was improved. But increasing the initiator amount made the dispersibility increase to the max and then decreased. It was the same with increasing proportion of styrene and maleic anhydride. The addition of the third hydrophobic monomer resulted in the poor dispersibility.
The more cycles that the pigment crushed, the smaller particle size and the better dispersibility were gotten. There were no more changes in the particle size and the dispersibility after the crushing cycles was 15 cycle. The increase of dispersant made particle size decreased and didn't influence viscosity before the pigment to dispersant was 4 to 1. The viscosity of the inks increased quickly after the pigment to dispersant higher 4 to 1. The dispersibility of the pigment ink increased stably with the addition
of the dispersant. This result was also verified by the analysis of SEM.
The addition of the diethylene glycol increased the viscosity, dispersibility but decreasing particle size. Fine dispersibility was obtained when the pH was 7-8. Comparing to ordinary dispersant, SMA was of better properties whatever in Zeta voltage, viscosity, particle size and dispersibility.
将合成的高分子分散剂SMA应用于有机颜料的超细化加工，分别从沉降稳定性、粘度、粒径等方面对超细颜料墨水的分散稳定性进行了分析，确定了具有较好分散稳定性的聚羧酸分散剂的合成工艺。超细颜料墨水的离心沉降稳定性随着SMA聚合反应温度的升高而增加；随着引发剂用量的增加和单体配比的变化出现先增加后减少的趋势，具有极大值；添加亲油性第三单体超细颜料的分散稳定性降低。分散剂用量不变时，随着分散次数的增加超细颜料的粒径逐渐减少，离心沉降稳定性逐渐提高，当分散次数达到15次时基本不再发生变化。随着分散剂用量的增加，超细颜料的粒径逐渐减小；墨水的粘度开始时基本不发生变化，当颜料／分散剂大于4／1时急剧增加；超细颜料墨水的离心沉降稳定性逐渐增加，趋于稳定。SEM的分析结果与离心沉降稳定性的测试结果基本一致。
随着超细颜料墨水中二甘醇用量的增加，体系的粘度不断增加，离心沉降稳定性提高，颜料粒径减小。所合成的分散剂的pH值使用范围为7-8，此时颜料的粒径较小，分散稳定性较高。与普通分散剂相比，所合成的分散剂在Zeta电位、粘度、粒径、分散稳定性等方面具有跟更好的性能。
Ink-jet ink is one of the most important factors in digital printing of textiles. Pigment ink is superior to dye ink in many properties, but the poor dispersing stability makes it difficult to be used. A poly-carboxylic dispersant was synthesized by solution polymerization method to improve the dispersing stability of pigment ink-jet inks.
The factors such as the polymerization temperature, the dosage of initiator, the proportion of monomers were investigated. It was found that increasing the temperature and amount of initiator decreased the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer. The synthesized copolymer was characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR), 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(13C NMR) and Gel Permeation Chromatography(GPC). The FT-IR spectrum showed that the copolymer consisted of styrene and maleic anhydride. The data of 13C NMR indicated that the polymer was a random copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride arranged alternatively in the macromolecular chain. And the GPC indicated that the number-average molecular was 27,599 and the polydispersity was 2.35.
The synthesis conditions of SMA influenced the dispersibility of the pigment ink-jet inks. When the temperature increased the dispersibility was improved. But increasing the initiator amount made the dispersibility increase to the max and then decreased. It was the same with increasing proportion of styrene and maleic anhydride. The addition of the third hydrophobic monomer resulted in the poor dispersibility.
The more cycles that the pigment crushed, the smaller particle size and the better dispersibility were gotten. There were no more changes in the particle size and the dispersibility after the crushing cycles was 15 cycle. The increase of dispersant made particle size decreased and didn't influence viscosity before the pigment to dispersant was 4 to 1. The viscosity of the inks increased quickly after the pigment to dispersant higher 4 to 1. The dispersibility of the pigment ink increased stably with the addition
of the dispersant. This result was also verified by the analysis of SEM.
The addition of the diethylene glycol increased the viscosity, dispersibility but decreasing particle size. Fine dispersibility was obtained when the pH was 7-8. Comparing to ordinary dispersant, SMA was of better properties whatever in Zeta voltage, viscosity, particle size and dispersibility.
引文
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