近江牡蛎（Crassostrea hongkongensis）家系早期生长发育比较及性腺发育、生殖周期研究
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摘要
本实验通过近江牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)家系建立和早期发育生长比较,研究近江牡蛎各种经济性状,以培育出具有优良性状的近江牡蛎品种。家系选育是培育牡蛎品系或品种的有效途径之一。本研究通过选取数量性状有较大差异的6个近江牡蛎个体作为亲本,成功建立了9个半同胞家系。通过对各个家系的受精率、孵化率、存活率和早期生长进行比较,结果表明：各家系子代的受精率、孵化率、存活率均受亲本成熟度的影响；各家系的早期生长中,家系CH1、CH4、CH7生长率大于其它家系；同时,近江牡蛎幼虫的早期生长阶段受母本效应影响明显。
此外,本实验利用组织学切片观察方法,对广东和广西地区的近江牡蛎性腺发育和生殖周期进行研究。结果表明,广东和广西地区近江牡蛎性腺为一年一个生殖周期,繁殖期在5-9月份,其中性腺排放盛期在5-7月份；根据广东和广西地区近江牡蛎细胞的发育规律和性腺组织内滤泡大小形状及所占的比例,将近江牡蛎的性腺发育分为5个时期：增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期、休止期。在近江牡蛎性腺整个发育过程中,存在雌雄同体现象。
Crassostrea hongkongensis family were established and be compared growth of early development in this study. We studied various economic traits of C. hongkongensis in order to breed good traits with this species of C. hongkongensis. Family selection is one of effective selection ways for generation of oyster strains. The study was to select six C. hongkongensis with quantitative traits which are quite different as parents and successfully established nine half-sib families. Each family on the fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival and early growth were compared. The results showed that the fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival rate were subject to the maturity degree of the parents, and the growth rate of family CH1, CH4 and CH7 were greater than that of the others. Meanwhile, significant maternal effect was observed on early growth of these families.
In addition, histological observation methods was used to study the Guangdong and Guangxi areas C. hongkongensis gonad development and reproductive cycle in this experiment. The results showed that the gonad of C. hongkongensis in Guangdong and Guangxi areas had one reproductive cycle of one year, the reproductive season was from May to September, in which emissions peak from May to July. According to the development law of C. hongkongensis cells and gonadal tissue follicle size, shape and proportion, C. hongkongensis gonad was divided into five periods:the proliferative, growth stage, mature stage, discharge stage, resting stage. There was the phenomenon of hermaphroditism in the Gonad development process of C. hongkongensis.
此外,本实验利用组织学切片观察方法,对广东和广西地区的近江牡蛎性腺发育和生殖周期进行研究。结果表明,广东和广西地区近江牡蛎性腺为一年一个生殖周期,繁殖期在5-9月份,其中性腺排放盛期在5-7月份；根据广东和广西地区近江牡蛎细胞的发育规律和性腺组织内滤泡大小形状及所占的比例,将近江牡蛎的性腺发育分为5个时期：增殖期、生长期、成熟期、排放期、休止期。在近江牡蛎性腺整个发育过程中,存在雌雄同体现象。
Crassostrea hongkongensis family were established and be compared growth of early development in this study. We studied various economic traits of C. hongkongensis in order to breed good traits with this species of C. hongkongensis. Family selection is one of effective selection ways for generation of oyster strains. The study was to select six C. hongkongensis with quantitative traits which are quite different as parents and successfully established nine half-sib families. Each family on the fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival and early growth were compared. The results showed that the fertilization rate, hatching rate, survival rate were subject to the maturity degree of the parents, and the growth rate of family CH1, CH4 and CH7 were greater than that of the others. Meanwhile, significant maternal effect was observed on early growth of these families.
In addition, histological observation methods was used to study the Guangdong and Guangxi areas C. hongkongensis gonad development and reproductive cycle in this experiment. The results showed that the gonad of C. hongkongensis in Guangdong and Guangxi areas had one reproductive cycle of one year, the reproductive season was from May to September, in which emissions peak from May to July. According to the development law of C. hongkongensis cells and gonadal tissue follicle size, shape and proportion, C. hongkongensis gonad was divided into five periods:the proliferative, growth stage, mature stage, discharge stage, resting stage. There was the phenomenon of hermaphroditism in the Gonad development process of C. hongkongensis.
引文
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