外商直接投资与中国外贸效益
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摘要
长期以来,国际贸易一直是各国参与国际分工的主要方式,在世界经济中占据主导地位。然而,二战以后,国际直接投资异军突起,开始逐步成为许多国家参与国际竞争的主要方式,其规模和影响力也开始超过国际贸易,被人们誉为推动世界经济发展的“新发动机”。国际直接投资和国际贸易在全球范围内的同步发展,共同构成促进世界经济发展的重要推动力。在贸易与投资日益一体化的趋势下,有必要重新审视国际直接投资和国际贸易之间的相互关系以及二者在促进世界经济增长中的作用。《1996年世界投资报告》中明确指出:国际直接投资与国际贸易之间的联系十分重要,抓住这种联系就会产生一种合力,对经济增长与发展产生更广泛、更深刻的影响;忽略这种联系,贸易和投资各自对发展所作的贡献就会受到影响。
改革开放以来,我国对外贸易的快速发展也是与外商直接投资活动紧密相连的。外商直接投资的大量涌入,促进了我国对外贸易的迅速发展,为我国经济持续高速增长做出了重要贡献。FDI与中国对外贸易的关联度比以往任何时候都密切,FDI不仅极大地影响了我国进出口规模,也促进了我国出口商品结构的改善和优化。在此背景下,研究FDI与中国外贸效益的关系,客观而准确地评价外商直接投资对我国外贸效益的影响,不仅具有一定的理论价值,更具有重要的现实意义。因为它影响不仅关系到中国对外贸易发展速度和结构,更关系到与中国外贸发展的效益以及发展的可持续性。
正是由于投资与贸易之间存在着重要的联系,因此,本文拟从对外贸易的宏观效益和动态效益出发,选取外商直接投资对中国外贸效益的影响作为切入点,对外商直接投资对中国外贸效益的影响进行理论研究和实证分析,以期构筑了一个外商直接投资对我国外贸效益影响的完整评价框架和体系,从而进一步探究投资与贸易之间的深层联系,并以此为基础,探讨发展中国家引进外资、发展对外
For a long time, the international trade has been the dominating way for a country to participate in the international division and takes up a leading role. However, after the Second World War, the foreign direct investment (FDI) suddenly rises and has gradually replaced the international trade as the dominating way in many countries. The scale and influence of the latter has surpassed the former and is said to be a new engine to push forward the world economy. The synchronous development of the FDI and international trade in world scope has constituted together an important propelling force to the promotion of world economic development. Under the integrated tendency of trade and investment, it is necessary to reexamine the mutual relations of FDI and international trade and the part they play in advancing the economic growth of the world. The World Investment Report in 1996 has clearly pointed out that the relation between the FDI and international trade is extremely critical. Holding the relation, it will have a joint effect and have a more widespread and profound influence on economic growth and development. Ignoring the relation, the contribution trade and investment does respectively to the development will both be affected.
Since the reform and the opening up, the fast development of our foreign trade has a close correlation with FDI. The massive FDI wells into the country and has promoted the rapid development of the foreign trade and made great contributions to the continuous economic growth of our country. The connection between the FDI and the foreign trade is closer than any other time and FDI has not only influenced the import and export scale but also accelerated the improvement and optimization of the export commodity structure. Under this background, to study the relations between FDI and the Chinese foreign trade benefit and to appraise the influence of the FDI on Chinese foreign trade benefit objectively and accurately has not only possessed
改革开放以来,我国对外贸易的快速发展也是与外商直接投资活动紧密相连的。外商直接投资的大量涌入,促进了我国对外贸易的迅速发展,为我国经济持续高速增长做出了重要贡献。FDI与中国对外贸易的关联度比以往任何时候都密切,FDI不仅极大地影响了我国进出口规模,也促进了我国出口商品结构的改善和优化。在此背景下,研究FDI与中国外贸效益的关系,客观而准确地评价外商直接投资对我国外贸效益的影响,不仅具有一定的理论价值,更具有重要的现实意义。因为它影响不仅关系到中国对外贸易发展速度和结构,更关系到与中国外贸发展的效益以及发展的可持续性。
正是由于投资与贸易之间存在着重要的联系,因此,本文拟从对外贸易的宏观效益和动态效益出发,选取外商直接投资对中国外贸效益的影响作为切入点,对外商直接投资对中国外贸效益的影响进行理论研究和实证分析,以期构筑了一个外商直接投资对我国外贸效益影响的完整评价框架和体系,从而进一步探究投资与贸易之间的深层联系,并以此为基础,探讨发展中国家引进外资、发展对外
For a long time, the international trade has been the dominating way for a country to participate in the international division and takes up a leading role. However, after the Second World War, the foreign direct investment (FDI) suddenly rises and has gradually replaced the international trade as the dominating way in many countries. The scale and influence of the latter has surpassed the former and is said to be a new engine to push forward the world economy. The synchronous development of the FDI and international trade in world scope has constituted together an important propelling force to the promotion of world economic development. Under the integrated tendency of trade and investment, it is necessary to reexamine the mutual relations of FDI and international trade and the part they play in advancing the economic growth of the world. The World Investment Report in 1996 has clearly pointed out that the relation between the FDI and international trade is extremely critical. Holding the relation, it will have a joint effect and have a more widespread and profound influence on economic growth and development. Ignoring the relation, the contribution trade and investment does respectively to the development will both be affected.
Since the reform and the opening up, the fast development of our foreign trade has a close correlation with FDI. The massive FDI wells into the country and has promoted the rapid development of the foreign trade and made great contributions to the continuous economic growth of our country. The connection between the FDI and the foreign trade is closer than any other time and FDI has not only influenced the import and export scale but also accelerated the improvement and optimization of the export commodity structure. Under this background, to study the relations between FDI and the Chinese foreign trade benefit and to appraise the influence of the FDI on Chinese foreign trade benefit objectively and accurately has not only possessed
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