惠州凹陷古近系层序地层及隐蔽油气藏勘探
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摘要
惠州凹陷是个十分复杂的凹陷,经历了多次的构造变动,总体为张性盆地的背景下,断层表现出张性或张扭性的特征,具有多期活动的特点。造就了本区多洼多隆的结构格局。惠州凹陷为珠一坳陷古近系重要成油凹陷之一。古近系文昌组具有良好的生烃潜力,目前深层发现的油气层和油气显示主要在该凹陷内。凹陷下构造层具有裂陷特征,基底具有多隆多洼结构,古近系由13个小洼陷组成,分割性较明显。从复合式半地堑或者半地堑体系(系统)来分析,将整个凹陷划分为五个半地堑体系。
从构造对沉积控制作用研究入手,运用层序地层学基础理论与分析技术,通过凹陷边缘主控断裂控“型”作用、调节带控“源”作用与坡折带控“砂”作用分析,探讨了断陷盆地层序地层构型与层序地层格架内沉积体系、沉积相分布规律及其时空演化特征。从宏观石油地质条件出发分析了惠州凹陷形成隐蔽圈闭的基本条件,以有利储集体分布为核心,并综合其他成藏条件对形成隐蔽油气藏的有利区带进行了预测,为惠州凹陷隐蔽油气藏勘探提供了理论基础和科学依据。
以岩心、钻/测井、地震资料为基础,地质分析与地球物理解释技术相结合,层序地层学、沉积学与构造地质学基本理论与分析方法相结合,在分析惠州凹陷构造-沉积演化史的基础上,建立了凹陷古近系统一的等时地层对比格架,将古近系地层划分为一个一级层序、三个二级层序(长期基准面旋回)和七个三级层序(中期基准面旋回)。
在建立层序格架基础上,利用测井相和地震相以及岩心资料,互相结合确定本区古近系的沉积体系类型,以及展布特征。建立起了以半地堑为基本组成单元的凹陷,断陷期和断坳期的沉积模式,分析了各种因素对沉积体系发育的影响。
惠州凹陷古近纪断陷结构为张扭性斜列式幕式裂陷结构。在新生代遭遇了五次比较大的构造运动,构造运动不但改造着已有的沉积环境,并且决定着新的沉积样式。构造升降是影响陆相湖盆层序演化的主要因素,它直接决定了盆地沉积可容空间的形成与消亡,构造的幕次性、周期性、脉动性直接控制了层序的多旋回性与层序内部发展演化的阶段性。构造对惠州凹陷古近系沉积的控制作用主要表现在,由于构造运动的抬升,造成文昌组和恩平组后期地层剥蚀严重,现存沉积范围相对局限;构造运动的分区性,造成了本区沉积特征大致可以分为惠西半地堑,惠东半地堑、惠北半地堑和惠南半地堑,陆西半地堑三个部分,沉积特征具有区域的差异性。表现在,文昌期内部洼陷的伸展方向,以及恩平期二级最大胡泛期的迁移。构造调节带对进入凹陷的物源体系的控制作用也比较明显。
在对惠州凹陷研究的基础上,总结了拉分盆地常见的六种隐蔽圈闭类型,在综合分析生储盖条件的基础上,预测了惠州凹陷古近系隐蔽油气藏的有利区带。指出惠州26洼周边、惠州10洼,以及西江24和西江30洼是下一步勘探的重点。
Huizhou Depression is a very complicated depression, in the background of extensional stress basins, after lots of structural actives, characteristics of faults is extensional and transtension. It trained architecture of depressions and bulges interstratified in the district. Huizhou Depression is one of Paleogene important oil-generatied depression in the Zhuyi trap. Wenchang group has good hydrocarbon potential, that hydrocarbon reservoir of deep layer was been found and the main oil and gas shows included this Depression. Depression tectonic layers present faulted depression, the basement with more depression, Paleogene it includes 13 small sag, Segmentation more apparent. From composite half-graben or half-graben system, the whole sag was divided into five half-graben system.
Begin with the whole Hui zhou depression, the structure controlling the depositional system, and the applications of the principle and theory of sequence stratigraphy, the article analyses the function of the basin-controlled fault to the sequence architecture, the function of the lateral transfer zone to the provenance orientation and the function of the paleostructure and the paleotopograhy to the sands distribution , discusses sequence stratigraphy model and distributed and evoluting rule of the depositional systems and in sequence strata shelf in downfaulted basin. Depart from macro petroleum geology conditions, the article analyses s the basic condition formed subtle trap in Hui zhou depression . Analyses the reservoirs distribution by integrated utilizing generated condition of reservoir and predicts the advantageous subtle traps, provides a theoretical and scientific basis to the subtle reservoir exploration in Hui zhou depression .
Based on the integrated analysis of cores, well logging, seismic data and other basic data, the sequence stratigraphy and the depositional systems of Paleogene of Hui zhou Depression are studied. The sequence of Paleogene is one 1st order sequence, and which can be divided ulteriorly into three long-term base-level cycles (2st order sequence) and 7 intermediate-term base-level cycles (3st order sequence). The sequence stratigraphic framework was established.
Based on the analysis log and seismic facies shows and core information, to determine Paleogene depositional system types of this area, and distribution characteristics. Established faulted and fault sag period models of a half-graben as the basic unit of the Depression, Analysis various affection factors of the depositional systems and development.
Huizhou Depression Paleogene faulted structure is transtensoinal sideway screen expression rift structure. Cenozoic originated five big tectonic movement, tectonic movement not only transformed the sedimentary environment, and decided to a new deposition form. Tectonic movements is the main factors of affecting the continental basin sequence evolution ,It directly determines formation and consumption of sedimentary basin accommodation, structure of screen time, the cyclical, Pulse-based direct control the sequence of cycles and sequence evolution of the internal development stage. In Hui zhou depression construction control sedimentary perform inaspects: as tectonic uplift movement, caused late strata of Wen chang and Enping group serious erosion, sedimentation existing relatively limited; regional tectonic movement, caused district sedimentary features can be roughly divided into three sections ,Hui xi half-graben, Hui dong、Huibei、Hui nan half-graben,Luxi half-graben, sedimentary characteristics of regional differences. Manifested in the Wenchang internal Depression period stretching direction, and En ping second grade the largest lake extensive face relocated . Structural adjustment area control source systems is also quite noticeable.
studying Huizhou Depression, summed up the six common types of subtle trap in the pull-apart basin, Comprehensive analysis of the source bed reservoir and overlying formation, forecasted the favorable zone of subtle reservoir in Hui zhou Sag. hidden reservoir. Point out Huizhou 26 low-lying surrounding, Huizhou 10 low-lying, and Xijiang 24 and 30 low-lying is the focus of further exploration.
从构造对沉积控制作用研究入手,运用层序地层学基础理论与分析技术,通过凹陷边缘主控断裂控“型”作用、调节带控“源”作用与坡折带控“砂”作用分析,探讨了断陷盆地层序地层构型与层序地层格架内沉积体系、沉积相分布规律及其时空演化特征。从宏观石油地质条件出发分析了惠州凹陷形成隐蔽圈闭的基本条件,以有利储集体分布为核心,并综合其他成藏条件对形成隐蔽油气藏的有利区带进行了预测,为惠州凹陷隐蔽油气藏勘探提供了理论基础和科学依据。
以岩心、钻/测井、地震资料为基础,地质分析与地球物理解释技术相结合,层序地层学、沉积学与构造地质学基本理论与分析方法相结合,在分析惠州凹陷构造-沉积演化史的基础上,建立了凹陷古近系统一的等时地层对比格架,将古近系地层划分为一个一级层序、三个二级层序(长期基准面旋回)和七个三级层序(中期基准面旋回)。
在建立层序格架基础上,利用测井相和地震相以及岩心资料,互相结合确定本区古近系的沉积体系类型,以及展布特征。建立起了以半地堑为基本组成单元的凹陷,断陷期和断坳期的沉积模式,分析了各种因素对沉积体系发育的影响。
惠州凹陷古近纪断陷结构为张扭性斜列式幕式裂陷结构。在新生代遭遇了五次比较大的构造运动,构造运动不但改造着已有的沉积环境,并且决定着新的沉积样式。构造升降是影响陆相湖盆层序演化的主要因素,它直接决定了盆地沉积可容空间的形成与消亡,构造的幕次性、周期性、脉动性直接控制了层序的多旋回性与层序内部发展演化的阶段性。构造对惠州凹陷古近系沉积的控制作用主要表现在,由于构造运动的抬升,造成文昌组和恩平组后期地层剥蚀严重,现存沉积范围相对局限;构造运动的分区性,造成了本区沉积特征大致可以分为惠西半地堑,惠东半地堑、惠北半地堑和惠南半地堑,陆西半地堑三个部分,沉积特征具有区域的差异性。表现在,文昌期内部洼陷的伸展方向,以及恩平期二级最大胡泛期的迁移。构造调节带对进入凹陷的物源体系的控制作用也比较明显。
在对惠州凹陷研究的基础上,总结了拉分盆地常见的六种隐蔽圈闭类型,在综合分析生储盖条件的基础上,预测了惠州凹陷古近系隐蔽油气藏的有利区带。指出惠州26洼周边、惠州10洼,以及西江24和西江30洼是下一步勘探的重点。
Huizhou Depression is a very complicated depression, in the background of extensional stress basins, after lots of structural actives, characteristics of faults is extensional and transtension. It trained architecture of depressions and bulges interstratified in the district. Huizhou Depression is one of Paleogene important oil-generatied depression in the Zhuyi trap. Wenchang group has good hydrocarbon potential, that hydrocarbon reservoir of deep layer was been found and the main oil and gas shows included this Depression. Depression tectonic layers present faulted depression, the basement with more depression, Paleogene it includes 13 small sag, Segmentation more apparent. From composite half-graben or half-graben system, the whole sag was divided into five half-graben system.
Begin with the whole Hui zhou depression, the structure controlling the depositional system, and the applications of the principle and theory of sequence stratigraphy, the article analyses the function of the basin-controlled fault to the sequence architecture, the function of the lateral transfer zone to the provenance orientation and the function of the paleostructure and the paleotopograhy to the sands distribution , discusses sequence stratigraphy model and distributed and evoluting rule of the depositional systems and in sequence strata shelf in downfaulted basin. Depart from macro petroleum geology conditions, the article analyses s the basic condition formed subtle trap in Hui zhou depression . Analyses the reservoirs distribution by integrated utilizing generated condition of reservoir and predicts the advantageous subtle traps, provides a theoretical and scientific basis to the subtle reservoir exploration in Hui zhou depression .
Based on the integrated analysis of cores, well logging, seismic data and other basic data, the sequence stratigraphy and the depositional systems of Paleogene of Hui zhou Depression are studied. The sequence of Paleogene is one 1st order sequence, and which can be divided ulteriorly into three long-term base-level cycles (2st order sequence) and 7 intermediate-term base-level cycles (3st order sequence). The sequence stratigraphic framework was established.
Based on the analysis log and seismic facies shows and core information, to determine Paleogene depositional system types of this area, and distribution characteristics. Established faulted and fault sag period models of a half-graben as the basic unit of the Depression, Analysis various affection factors of the depositional systems and development.
Huizhou Depression Paleogene faulted structure is transtensoinal sideway screen expression rift structure. Cenozoic originated five big tectonic movement, tectonic movement not only transformed the sedimentary environment, and decided to a new deposition form. Tectonic movements is the main factors of affecting the continental basin sequence evolution ,It directly determines formation and consumption of sedimentary basin accommodation, structure of screen time, the cyclical, Pulse-based direct control the sequence of cycles and sequence evolution of the internal development stage. In Hui zhou depression construction control sedimentary perform inaspects: as tectonic uplift movement, caused late strata of Wen chang and Enping group serious erosion, sedimentation existing relatively limited; regional tectonic movement, caused district sedimentary features can be roughly divided into three sections ,Hui xi half-graben, Hui dong、Huibei、Hui nan half-graben,Luxi half-graben, sedimentary characteristics of regional differences. Manifested in the Wenchang internal Depression period stretching direction, and En ping second grade the largest lake extensive face relocated . Structural adjustment area control source systems is also quite noticeable.
studying Huizhou Depression, summed up the six common types of subtle trap in the pull-apart basin, Comprehensive analysis of the source bed reservoir and overlying formation, forecasted the favorable zone of subtle reservoir in Hui zhou Sag. hidden reservoir. Point out Huizhou 26 low-lying surrounding, Huizhou 10 low-lying, and Xijiang 24 and 30 low-lying is the focus of further exploration.
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