基于GIS的应急指挥系统的程序设计
摘要
应急指挥系统是指突发事件发生时运行的指挥部署系统,主要包括指挥调度系统、处置实施系统、资源保障系统、信息管理系统、决策辅助系统和地理信息系统。地理信息系统GIS(Geographic Information System)是由计算机硬件、软件和相应算法组成的系统,该系统用来支持空间数据的采集、管理、处理、分析、建模和显示,以便解决复杂的规划和管理问题。经过十多年的发展,GIS已形成较为完整的技术体系和理论体系,形成了多层次和不同尺度的应用格局,成为信息产业的重要组成部分。作为一门综合性技术,GIS不断与其他技术相融合,与计算机以及相关技术同步发展。在软件开发领域,日趋成熟的组件技术成为计算机业的主流开发技术之一,它的飞速发展引发了计算机相关信息产业的变革。以组件形式将GIS运用到应急指挥中,给应急指挥和应急实施带来很大的便利,使应急管理更加形象化,也使应急的进程变的更加流畅,同时也从很大程度上减少了受灾地区或人民的损失。
本文简要阐述了应急管理的相关概念,GIS的相关理论知识以及其在各领域的应用,详细描述了基于GIS的应急指挥系统的程序设计,包括功能分析、程序的详细设计、代码编写类图等。在Windows Xp下,以SuperMap 5 Obiects做为基础的软件平台,.Net Framwork 2.0为编程环境,C#作为主要的编程语言,SQL Server为数据库处理平台,完成了以GIS为核心功能的应急指挥系统的设计编写。GIS的详细功能包括:地图处理的基本功能,如放大、缩小、输出图片等,空间分析,比如最近点分析、路径分析、最近设施查找,Gps跟踪定位与地图显示,专题图的创建等。本课题通过了相关部门验收,课题成果已初步用于国家某机关应急指挥系统中。
Emergency Command System is the command deployment operation systems,which run in the event of any emergency,including command and dispatch system, disposal of system, resources and support system, information management system, decision assistant system. GIS (Geographic Information System) is composed of computer hardware, software and different methods, which designed to support spatial data acquisition, management, processing, analysis, modeling and display, in order to solve complex planning and management issues. Experienced 30 years of development, GIS technology is becoming a complete technology system , establishing theoretical system, forming a multi-level and application of different scales pattern,becoming an important component of the information industry. As a comprehensive technology, GIS integrated with other technology, its development related other technologies, in particular the development of computer .In the area of software development, the maturing computer components technology is becoming one of the main streams of the development. Its rapid development triggered the computer-related information industry changes. GIS will be used to form emergency command system as components ,that will hot only give emergency command and the implementation of contingency great convenience, but also make emergency management more stylized, contingency process smoother and more rapidly, and also large extent reduce the loss of affected areas or people.
This paper mainly expounded the concepts of emergency management, GIS-related theoretical knowledge as well as the application in the vast reality field, and a detailed description of the GIS-based emergency command system programming, including functional analysis of the detailed design procedures, code-writing class diagram .The process is writing and running under Windows Xp, SuperMap5 Objects as a basic software platform.Dot Net Framework2.0 as the programming environment, C# as the main programming language, SQL Server for database processing platform, Design to prepare an emergency command system which make the GIS as the core function. GIS detailed features include: the basic map functions, such as zoom out, zoom in, map pan and output images, spatial analysis, such as the neighbor analysis, path analysis, the latest facilities to find, Gps tracking and map display and special thematic map etc. This topic passed the related department to approve, the topic achievement has initially used in the national some department emergency command system.
本文简要阐述了应急管理的相关概念,GIS的相关理论知识以及其在各领域的应用,详细描述了基于GIS的应急指挥系统的程序设计,包括功能分析、程序的详细设计、代码编写类图等。在Windows Xp下,以SuperMap 5 Obiects做为基础的软件平台,.Net Framwork 2.0为编程环境,C#作为主要的编程语言,SQL Server为数据库处理平台,完成了以GIS为核心功能的应急指挥系统的设计编写。GIS的详细功能包括:地图处理的基本功能,如放大、缩小、输出图片等,空间分析,比如最近点分析、路径分析、最近设施查找,Gps跟踪定位与地图显示,专题图的创建等。本课题通过了相关部门验收,课题成果已初步用于国家某机关应急指挥系统中。
Emergency Command System is the command deployment operation systems,which run in the event of any emergency,including command and dispatch system, disposal of system, resources and support system, information management system, decision assistant system. GIS (Geographic Information System) is composed of computer hardware, software and different methods, which designed to support spatial data acquisition, management, processing, analysis, modeling and display, in order to solve complex planning and management issues. Experienced 30 years of development, GIS technology is becoming a complete technology system , establishing theoretical system, forming a multi-level and application of different scales pattern,becoming an important component of the information industry. As a comprehensive technology, GIS integrated with other technology, its development related other technologies, in particular the development of computer .In the area of software development, the maturing computer components technology is becoming one of the main streams of the development. Its rapid development triggered the computer-related information industry changes. GIS will be used to form emergency command system as components ,that will hot only give emergency command and the implementation of contingency great convenience, but also make emergency management more stylized, contingency process smoother and more rapidly, and also large extent reduce the loss of affected areas or people.
This paper mainly expounded the concepts of emergency management, GIS-related theoretical knowledge as well as the application in the vast reality field, and a detailed description of the GIS-based emergency command system programming, including functional analysis of the detailed design procedures, code-writing class diagram .The process is writing and running under Windows Xp, SuperMap5 Objects as a basic software platform.Dot Net Framework2.0 as the programming environment, C# as the main programming language, SQL Server for database processing platform, Design to prepare an emergency command system which make the GIS as the core function. GIS detailed features include: the basic map functions, such as zoom out, zoom in, map pan and output images, spatial analysis, such as the neighbor analysis, path analysis, the latest facilities to find, Gps tracking and map display and special thematic map etc. This topic passed the related department to approve, the topic achievement has initially used in the national some department emergency command system.
引文
[1]计雷,池宏,陈安.突发事件应急管理.中国科学院研究生教材,2006年3月.
[2]米红,杨帆,曾东海.GIS 技术和数学模型在城市应急系统中的应用.测绘科学,2005年2月,第30卷1期.
[3]石丽红,张清浦,刘纪平.面向突发事件的防范应急 GIS 系统得设计和实现.测绘科学,2005年2月,第30卷1期.
[4]汤爱平,谢礼立,陶夏新.基于 GIS 的城市地震应急反应系统.东北地震研究,2001年6月,17卷第2期.
[5]魏艳华,袁德志,牛雨.基于 GIS 的城市地震应急指挥系统设计.青岛建筑工程学院学报,2005,第26卷第4期.
[6]万军,汪军.应急管理中的政府责任和权力综述.兰州学刊,2004,4:217-220.
[7]David A.McEntire.Searching for aHolistic Paradigm and Policy Guide:Aproposal for the Future of Emergency Management International Journal of Emergency Management,2003,1(3).
[8]Dymon.U.J.An Analyst of Emergency Map Symbology.International Journal of Energency Management,2003,(1):227-237
[9]Jean Lue Wybo,Harriet Lonka.Emergency Management and the Information Society:how to improve the synergy? International Journal of Emergency Management,2002,1(2):183-190
[10]Eleftherios Iakovou,Christos Douligeris.An information management system for the emergency management of hurriecane disasters[J].International Journal of Emergency Management,2001,2(3/4):243-262
[11]Steven Pender.Managing incomplete knowledge:Why risk management is not sufficient,International Journal of Project Management,2001(19)
[12]Hanif D.Sherali and Shivaram Subramanian,Journal of Transportation Engineering.1999,125,176-185
[3]刘小东,刘光.地理信息系统二次开发事例.清华大学出版社,2004
[14](美)Kang-tsung Chang.地理信息系统导论.科学出版社,2003
[15]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论.北京科学出版社,1999
[16]Workflow Management Coalition Members.Workflow Manangement Programing Interface Spcification.Document Number WFMC-TC-1009,July,1998
[17]Renolen A.Modeling spationtemporal information.The Spationtemporal Object maodel,1997
[8]史明昌,姜德文.3S技术在水土保持中的应用.中国水土保持,2002
[19]刘南,刘任义著.Web GIS原理及其应用.北京科学出版社,2002
[20]边学工,胡瑞敏著.分布式 GIS 体系结构模型的研究.武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000:25(5)
[21]刘仁义,刘南著.ArcGIS开发宝典.科学出版社2006
[22]丁士锋著.C#2.0实用开发详解.电子工业出版社2008
[23]肖健,薛凤武,吴静编著.SQLServer 2000 实践与提高.中国电力出版社2002
[24]赵杰,李涛,朱慧编著.SQL Server 数据库管理、设计与实现教程.清华大学出版社2004
[25](美)Dejan Sunderic,Tom Woodhead著.SOL Server 2000 高级编程技术.清华大学出版社2002
[26](美)Michael Reilly,(美)Michelle Poolet著.SQL Server 2000 设计与T-SQL编程.清华大学出版社2002
[27]赵强编著.SQL Server 数据库编程技法范例。清华大学出版社 2005
[28]夏敏捷等编著.Visual C#.NET 开发技术原理与实践教程.电子工业出版社 2007
[29]Michael McMillan 著.Data structures and algorithms using C#.Cambridge University Press,2007
[30]Steven John Mctsker 著.Design patterns in C#.中国水利出版社 2006
[31](美)Craig Larman 著 李洋,郑[yan]等译.UML和模式应用.中国机械工业出版社2006
[32]肖鹏峰,冯学智,黄兆强.集成 GIS 与 GPS 的城市英籍联动指挥系统研究.GIS 技术
[33]秦建新,张青年:地图可视化研究.地理研究,2000:19(1)
[34]Aleksander Slomiski.On Using BPEL Extensibility to Implement OGSI and WSRF GridWorkflows,Department of Computer science Indiana University,January 25~(th),2004
[35](美)Derek Beyer 著,龚小平译.C# COM+编程指南.北京-中国水利水电出版社2002
[36](美)Stephen C.perry 著,肖斌,王小振等译.C#和.NET核心技术,北京-机械工业出版社 2006
[37](美)Robert C.Martin Micah Martin 著,邓辉,孙鸣译.敏捷软件开发,人民邮电出版社 2008-4-30
[2]米红,杨帆,曾东海.GIS 技术和数学模型在城市应急系统中的应用.测绘科学,2005年2月,第30卷1期.
[3]石丽红,张清浦,刘纪平.面向突发事件的防范应急 GIS 系统得设计和实现.测绘科学,2005年2月,第30卷1期.
[4]汤爱平,谢礼立,陶夏新.基于 GIS 的城市地震应急反应系统.东北地震研究,2001年6月,17卷第2期.
[5]魏艳华,袁德志,牛雨.基于 GIS 的城市地震应急指挥系统设计.青岛建筑工程学院学报,2005,第26卷第4期.
[6]万军,汪军.应急管理中的政府责任和权力综述.兰州学刊,2004,4:217-220.
[7]David A.McEntire.Searching for aHolistic Paradigm and Policy Guide:Aproposal for the Future of Emergency Management International Journal of Emergency Management,2003,1(3).
[8]Dymon.U.J.An Analyst of Emergency Map Symbology.International Journal of Energency Management,2003,(1):227-237
[9]Jean Lue Wybo,Harriet Lonka.Emergency Management and the Information Society:how to improve the synergy? International Journal of Emergency Management,2002,1(2):183-190
[10]Eleftherios Iakovou,Christos Douligeris.An information management system for the emergency management of hurriecane disasters[J].International Journal of Emergency Management,2001,2(3/4):243-262
[11]Steven Pender.Managing incomplete knowledge:Why risk management is not sufficient,International Journal of Project Management,2001(19)
[12]Hanif D.Sherali and Shivaram Subramanian,Journal of Transportation Engineering.1999,125,176-185
[3]刘小东,刘光.地理信息系统二次开发事例.清华大学出版社,2004
[14](美)Kang-tsung Chang.地理信息系统导论.科学出版社,2003
[15]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论.北京科学出版社,1999
[16]Workflow Management Coalition Members.Workflow Manangement Programing Interface Spcification.Document Number WFMC-TC-1009,July,1998
[17]Renolen A.Modeling spationtemporal information.The Spationtemporal Object maodel,1997
[8]史明昌,姜德文.3S技术在水土保持中的应用.中国水土保持,2002
[19]刘南,刘任义著.Web GIS原理及其应用.北京科学出版社,2002
[20]边学工,胡瑞敏著.分布式 GIS 体系结构模型的研究.武汉测绘科技大学学报,2000:25(5)
[21]刘仁义,刘南著.ArcGIS开发宝典.科学出版社2006
[22]丁士锋著.C#2.0实用开发详解.电子工业出版社2008
[23]肖健,薛凤武,吴静编著.SQLServer 2000 实践与提高.中国电力出版社2002
[24]赵杰,李涛,朱慧编著.SQL Server 数据库管理、设计与实现教程.清华大学出版社2004
[25](美)Dejan Sunderic,Tom Woodhead著.SOL Server 2000 高级编程技术.清华大学出版社2002
[26](美)Michael Reilly,(美)Michelle Poolet著.SQL Server 2000 设计与T-SQL编程.清华大学出版社2002
[27]赵强编著.SQL Server 数据库编程技法范例。清华大学出版社 2005
[28]夏敏捷等编著.Visual C#.NET 开发技术原理与实践教程.电子工业出版社 2007
[29]Michael McMillan 著.Data structures and algorithms using C#.Cambridge University Press,2007
[30]Steven John Mctsker 著.Design patterns in C#.中国水利出版社 2006
[31](美)Craig Larman 著 李洋,郑[yan]等译.UML和模式应用.中国机械工业出版社2006
[32]肖鹏峰,冯学智,黄兆强.集成 GIS 与 GPS 的城市英籍联动指挥系统研究.GIS 技术
[33]秦建新,张青年:地图可视化研究.地理研究,2000:19(1)
[34]Aleksander Slomiski.On Using BPEL Extensibility to Implement OGSI and WSRF GridWorkflows,Department of Computer science Indiana University,January 25~(th),2004
[35](美)Derek Beyer 著,龚小平译.C# COM+编程指南.北京-中国水利水电出版社2002
[36](美)Stephen C.perry 著,肖斌,王小振等译.C#和.NET核心技术,北京-机械工业出版社 2006
[37](美)Robert C.Martin Micah Martin 著,邓辉,孙鸣译.敏捷软件开发,人民邮电出版社 2008-4-30