LIGHTNIN混合池搅拌机在成都市自来水总公司六水厂的生产实际实用
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摘要
无论是供水行业技术进步规划要求，还是21世纪的水处理科技，都将水质作为水处理一个重点，都强调了新材料和设备的引进、开发和运用。
成都市自来水总公司六厂一、二、三期混合池所用立式搅拌机共计45台，机在运行过程中存在如下的问题：不能满足混合工艺G值的要求，且电动机功率过大但效率低下；减速机密封不严，漏油情况严重；运行状况差，维护维修工作量大。
鉴于六厂的实际工艺情况及混合池搅拌机存在的问题，总公司在2001年对其中一台搅拌机进行了改造。改造方案为，将12~#混合池原两台电机配置5.5KW的搅拌机，更换为一台电机配置2.2KW的由LIGHTNIN(莱宁)公司生产的16Q3型搅拌机，混合池构造不发生变化。12~#混合池搅拌机的改造工作于2001年10月结束。
那么，搅拌机改造后是否能满足混合工艺的要求，是否提高了混合过程的效果，是否解决了原搅拌机机械存在的问题，都需要进行一系列的试验加以验证。
从试验和分析中，可以得出以下结论：
1)改造后12~#混合池搅拌机采用LIGHTNIN搅拌机，其混合效果与改造前相当。它能满足混合工艺的要求，和后续工艺处理过程的要求。
2)12~#混合池搅拌机运行状况优于原混合池搅拌机，维护工作量极低，解决了原国产搅拌机存在的问题。
3)12~#混合池搅拌机改用LIGHTNIN搅拌机后，每年可以节约运行维护费用近4万多元。购置一台LIGHTNIN搅拌机，只相当于原混合池搅拌机2.58年的运行维护费用。12~#混合池搅拌机的改造是经济的。
4)如果六厂的现有的国产混合池搅拌机全部改造成为使用LIGHTNIN搅拌机，每年的运行维护费用可以节约76.83万元。全部改造六厂剩余11台搅拌机的费用仅相当于六厂目前混合池搅拌机运行1.49年的费用。全部改造六厂剩余国产搅拌机为LIGHTNIN搅拌机是经济可行的。
经过本次试验研究，笔者得到了如下一些体会：
1)混合是净水工艺中的重要环节，混合的好坏直接影响后续絮凝、沉淀工艺的效果。对于机械混合池来说，对其混合效果影响极大的是所采用搅拌器的桨叶形状。
2)搅拌机及其减速机(箱)的合理设计，直接影响到搅拌机的运行状况。在搅拌机及其减速机的设计选型过程中，除了必须充分考虑技术的先进性外，还要考虑到减速机自身的特点和其使用的环境的特点。
重庆大学硕士学位论文
3)G值作为混合机械设计和运行效果的一个衡量标准，随着技术进步，其是
否仍具有价值，这个问题需要做出进一步探讨。
No matter it is required by improving technical programme of water-supplying systems or by water-handling technology, water quality is considered a key point of water improving, the introduction, development and using of new materials and equipments.
the sixth waterworks of Chengdu Municipal Waterworks General Co. owns 45 pieces of mixers used in l,2,and 3 procidural mixing pools. Decelerated devices of mixing pools have the following problems in the course of operation: They can't satisfy the demands of G standards of mixing technology and the power of electric motors is big while the efficiency is low; sealing of the devices is not good and the phenomenon of oil-dripping is severe; Operation is bad and the work of maintenance and repair is huge.
Owing to the sixth waterworks' technical conditions and the problems of mixer of mixing pools, the company improved one of the mixers. The plan was to change the two former mixers with motor power 5.5KW to the one(type 16Q3,produced by LIGHTIN corperation)with motor power 2.2KW. The structure of mixing pools hasn't been converted. The work of improving Size 12 mixer ended in October, 2001.
But it's to be checked by a series of experiments whether the improved mixers satisfy the requirement of mixing techonology, whether the effiency of mixing process has been raised, and whether the problems of former mixers have been solved
From the experiment and analysis, the following conclusions can be drawed:
1) The improved Sizel2 mixing-pool mixer used the LIGHTNIN one, the mixing efficiency is equivalent to the former one. It can fulfil the desire of mixing techonoly and the demands of the following procedural process.
2) Operation of Size 12 mixer is better than the former one. The task of maintainance is a little and the problem of former mixer is solved.
3) The improvement of Size 12 mixer has made a big profit. The fee of operation maintainance saves 40,000 yuan compared with the former one.
It is believed that Size 12 mixer has been improved successfully. It is worthing changing LIGHTNIN mixers. Ther result of experiment may be used as the foundation of the techonic improvement of the following mixers.
The following ideas are got from the experiment and research:
1) Mixing is the key sector of purifying water, which has a direct impact on the efficiency of the following solidified and precipitation. For mechanical mixing pools, the effect depends greatly on the shape of the wheel of mixers.
2) The reasonable design of mixer and delerated devices have direct influence of mixer operation. In the course of select the design,the mechanical characteristics of devices and circumental features applied should be considered except for the advancement of technology.
3) Whether "G Standard"is worthy of assessing mixing mechanical designing and operation effects is to be discussed with the advance of tenology.
成都市自来水总公司六厂一、二、三期混合池所用立式搅拌机共计45台，机在运行过程中存在如下的问题：不能满足混合工艺G值的要求，且电动机功率过大但效率低下；减速机密封不严，漏油情况严重；运行状况差，维护维修工作量大。
鉴于六厂的实际工艺情况及混合池搅拌机存在的问题，总公司在2001年对其中一台搅拌机进行了改造。改造方案为，将12~#混合池原两台电机配置5.5KW的搅拌机，更换为一台电机配置2.2KW的由LIGHTNIN(莱宁)公司生产的16Q3型搅拌机，混合池构造不发生变化。12~#混合池搅拌机的改造工作于2001年10月结束。
那么，搅拌机改造后是否能满足混合工艺的要求，是否提高了混合过程的效果，是否解决了原搅拌机机械存在的问题，都需要进行一系列的试验加以验证。
从试验和分析中，可以得出以下结论：
1)改造后12~#混合池搅拌机采用LIGHTNIN搅拌机，其混合效果与改造前相当。它能满足混合工艺的要求，和后续工艺处理过程的要求。
2)12~#混合池搅拌机运行状况优于原混合池搅拌机，维护工作量极低，解决了原国产搅拌机存在的问题。
3)12~#混合池搅拌机改用LIGHTNIN搅拌机后，每年可以节约运行维护费用近4万多元。购置一台LIGHTNIN搅拌机，只相当于原混合池搅拌机2.58年的运行维护费用。12~#混合池搅拌机的改造是经济的。
4)如果六厂的现有的国产混合池搅拌机全部改造成为使用LIGHTNIN搅拌机，每年的运行维护费用可以节约76.83万元。全部改造六厂剩余11台搅拌机的费用仅相当于六厂目前混合池搅拌机运行1.49年的费用。全部改造六厂剩余国产搅拌机为LIGHTNIN搅拌机是经济可行的。
经过本次试验研究，笔者得到了如下一些体会：
1)混合是净水工艺中的重要环节，混合的好坏直接影响后续絮凝、沉淀工艺的效果。对于机械混合池来说，对其混合效果影响极大的是所采用搅拌器的桨叶形状。
2)搅拌机及其减速机(箱)的合理设计，直接影响到搅拌机的运行状况。在搅拌机及其减速机的设计选型过程中，除了必须充分考虑技术的先进性外，还要考虑到减速机自身的特点和其使用的环境的特点。
重庆大学硕士学位论文
3)G值作为混合机械设计和运行效果的一个衡量标准，随着技术进步，其是
否仍具有价值，这个问题需要做出进一步探讨。
No matter it is required by improving technical programme of water-supplying systems or by water-handling technology, water quality is considered a key point of water improving, the introduction, development and using of new materials and equipments.
the sixth waterworks of Chengdu Municipal Waterworks General Co. owns 45 pieces of mixers used in l,2,and 3 procidural mixing pools. Decelerated devices of mixing pools have the following problems in the course of operation: They can't satisfy the demands of G standards of mixing technology and the power of electric motors is big while the efficiency is low; sealing of the devices is not good and the phenomenon of oil-dripping is severe; Operation is bad and the work of maintenance and repair is huge.
Owing to the sixth waterworks' technical conditions and the problems of mixer of mixing pools, the company improved one of the mixers. The plan was to change the two former mixers with motor power 5.5KW to the one(type 16Q3,produced by LIGHTIN corperation)with motor power 2.2KW. The structure of mixing pools hasn't been converted. The work of improving Size 12 mixer ended in October, 2001.
But it's to be checked by a series of experiments whether the improved mixers satisfy the requirement of mixing techonology, whether the effiency of mixing process has been raised, and whether the problems of former mixers have been solved
From the experiment and analysis, the following conclusions can be drawed:
1) The improved Sizel2 mixing-pool mixer used the LIGHTNIN one, the mixing efficiency is equivalent to the former one. It can fulfil the desire of mixing techonoly and the demands of the following procedural process.
2) Operation of Size 12 mixer is better than the former one. The task of maintainance is a little and the problem of former mixer is solved.
3) The improvement of Size 12 mixer has made a big profit. The fee of operation maintainance saves 40,000 yuan compared with the former one.
It is believed that Size 12 mixer has been improved successfully. It is worthing changing LIGHTNIN mixers. Ther result of experiment may be used as the foundation of the techonic improvement of the following mixers.
The following ideas are got from the experiment and research:
1) Mixing is the key sector of purifying water, which has a direct impact on the efficiency of the following solidified and precipitation. For mechanical mixing pools, the effect depends greatly on the shape of the wheel of mixers.
2) The reasonable design of mixer and delerated devices have direct influence of mixer operation. In the course of select the design,the mechanical characteristics of devices and circumental features applied should be considered except for the advancement of technology.
3) Whether "G Standard"is worthy of assessing mixing mechanical designing and operation effects is to be discussed with the advance of tenology.
引文
[1] 许保玖。《给水处理理论》北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．10 P1-6，169．171，193， 201-208。
[2] 汪光寿等《城市供水行业2000年技术进步发展规划》北京：中国建筑工业出版社 1993．7 P4-5， 195-198。
[3] Water Quality and Treatment(水质量与处理)；American Water Works Assn., McGraw Hill Book CO.; 3rd Ed., 1971
[4] Water Treatment Principle and Design(水处理规则与设计)，James Montgomery Engineers， John Wiley & Sons．1985
[5] 潘祖仁，翁志学等．悬浮聚合[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1997．P193-230。
[6] 武道吉，谭凤训，修春海，王新文，张华1000-4602(2000)01-0054-03《混合动力学机理及控制指标研究》。
[7] 林选才等《给水排水没计手册》第9册 北京：中国建筑工业出版社2000．6第2版 P172-173。
[8] 许保玖。《给水处理理论》北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．10 P201-208。
[9] ICS71．060．50 GB15892-1995 1995-12．20《水处理剂 聚合氯化铝》北京：国家技术监督局 P2-3。
[10] 中华人民共和国卫生部卫生法制与监督司 《生活饮用水卫生规范》 P107-109。
[11] 汪光寿等《城市供水行业2000年技术进步发展规划》 北京：中国建筑工业出版社 1993 7，147。
[12] JAMES Y.OLDSHUE , FLUID MIXING TECHNOLOGY , McGraw-Hill PROBLICATIONS Co.,NewYork,N.Y, 1983, P1-18。
[13] Oldshue，J．Y．and Mady,Flocculation Performance of Mixing Impeller(混合搅拌叶轮的絮凝器的性能)；O．B.;Chemical Engineering Progress；August 1978，103页。
[14] sung J.chen,L.T.Fan,and C.A.Watson,Mixing of solid particles in Motionless Mixer-Axial-Dispersed Plug-Flow Model,Ind.eng.chem..Proc.Des.Dev. 12(1): 1973
[15] S.J.Chen and A.R. MacDonald, Motionless Mixers for Viscous Polymers,. Chem.Eng. 1973:105(March 19)
[16] Fletcher Crandall, Motionless Mixers, Modem Plastics Encyclopedia, McGraw-Hill, new York, 1980-1981 ,pp371-372
[17] F. Gross, Roll, Homogenitatserfassung in Staischen Mischem; Aufbereitungstechnik 20(1);S.26-31 (1979)
[18] Mark D. Rosenzweig , Motionless Mixers Move into New Processing Roles,Chem.Eng. 1977:95-96(May 9)
[19] N.R. Schott, B. Weinstein, and D. La Bombard, Motionless Mixers in Plastic Processing,Chem.Eng.Prog. 1975:54-58(January)
[20] J.Y.Oldshue and J.Sprague,Paint Varnish Prod, 1974:19-28(May)
[21] J.Y.Oldshue,Blending of Low Viscosity Materials
[22] PROCESS APPLICATION GUIDE SECTION81 P1.00-10.00
[23] J.Alan Roberson:Future Treads in drinking water treatment New world water 1997
[24] Shsoai Dai et al Full scale study of dual media and witn uniform sand medium filtiation水道协会杂志 1999-6
[25] S.Kawamura:Optimisation of basic water treatment processes-de-sign and operation filtration and sadimentation AQUA 1996-3
[2] 汪光寿等《城市供水行业2000年技术进步发展规划》北京：中国建筑工业出版社 1993．7 P4-5， 195-198。
[3] Water Quality and Treatment(水质量与处理)；American Water Works Assn., McGraw Hill Book CO.; 3rd Ed., 1971
[4] Water Treatment Principle and Design(水处理规则与设计)，James Montgomery Engineers， John Wiley & Sons．1985
[5] 潘祖仁，翁志学等．悬浮聚合[M]．北京：化学工业出版社，1997．P193-230。
[6] 武道吉，谭凤训，修春海，王新文，张华1000-4602(2000)01-0054-03《混合动力学机理及控制指标研究》。
[7] 林选才等《给水排水没计手册》第9册 北京：中国建筑工业出版社2000．6第2版 P172-173。
[8] 许保玖。《给水处理理论》北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．10 P201-208。
[9] ICS71．060．50 GB15892-1995 1995-12．20《水处理剂 聚合氯化铝》北京：国家技术监督局 P2-3。
[10] 中华人民共和国卫生部卫生法制与监督司 《生活饮用水卫生规范》 P107-109。
[11] 汪光寿等《城市供水行业2000年技术进步发展规划》 北京：中国建筑工业出版社 1993 7，147。
[12] JAMES Y.OLDSHUE , FLUID MIXING TECHNOLOGY , McGraw-Hill PROBLICATIONS Co.,NewYork,N.Y, 1983, P1-18。
[13] Oldshue，J．Y．and Mady,Flocculation Performance of Mixing Impeller(混合搅拌叶轮的絮凝器的性能)；O．B.;Chemical Engineering Progress；August 1978，103页。
[14] sung J.chen,L.T.Fan,and C.A.Watson,Mixing of solid particles in Motionless Mixer-Axial-Dispersed Plug-Flow Model,Ind.eng.chem..Proc.Des.Dev. 12(1): 1973
[15] S.J.Chen and A.R. MacDonald, Motionless Mixers for Viscous Polymers,. Chem.Eng. 1973:105(March 19)
[16] Fletcher Crandall, Motionless Mixers, Modem Plastics Encyclopedia, McGraw-Hill, new York, 1980-1981 ,pp371-372
[17] F. Gross, Roll, Homogenitatserfassung in Staischen Mischem; Aufbereitungstechnik 20(1);S.26-31 (1979)
[18] Mark D. Rosenzweig , Motionless Mixers Move into New Processing Roles,Chem.Eng. 1977:95-96(May 9)
[19] N.R. Schott, B. Weinstein, and D. La Bombard, Motionless Mixers in Plastic Processing,Chem.Eng.Prog. 1975:54-58(January)
[20] J.Y.Oldshue and J.Sprague,Paint Varnish Prod, 1974:19-28(May)
[21] J.Y.Oldshue,Blending of Low Viscosity Materials
[22] PROCESS APPLICATION GUIDE SECTION81 P1.00-10.00
[23] J.Alan Roberson:Future Treads in drinking water treatment New world water 1997
[24] Shsoai Dai et al Full scale study of dual media and witn uniform sand medium filtiation水道协会杂志 1999-6
[25] S.Kawamura:Optimisation of basic water treatment processes-de-sign and operation filtration and sadimentation AQUA 1996-3