澄合二矿综采工作面矿压规律研究
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摘要
澄合二矿24504综采面煤层厚3.5~4.0m左右,平均采高3.8m。其煤质松软、部分顶板极易破碎冒落,使煤层的开采具有特殊性和复杂性,是影响工作面安全高效生产的重要因素。因此,研究其工作面矿压规律具有重要意义。
论文在进行现场矿压观测的基础上,利用相似材料模拟、数值模拟及理论分析等研究手段,对澄合二矿松软煤层破碎顶板综采工作面矿压规律及工作面围岩控制技术进行了比较深入的研究。
根据现场矿压观测、相似材料模拟,分析了工作面支架载荷特点、周期来压规律及关键层破断特征;通过理论计算得出了关键层位置及初次来压步距,通过UDEC数值模拟分析了采场上覆岩层运移特征。在此基础上,进一步研究了工作面端面冒顶及煤壁片帮防治技术。
研究表明澄合二矿综采工作面矿压规律具有其特殊性:基本顶来压比较明显,但不强烈;关键层的破断分为上、中、下三个区,基本遵循“O-X”破断特征,破断时有一定的时序性;上覆岩层中的主关键层对上覆岩层的运动起控制作用,且能形成暂时稳定的结构,并对采场影响较大。数值模拟研究表明,随着采高的增加,采空区冒落矸石排列逐渐杂乱,碎胀系数随之增加,支架上方的顶板破碎加剧,工作面片帮加重。根据澄合矿区24504综采工作面液压支架使用状况和矿压观测,提出了工作面端面冒顶及煤壁片帮的防治技术措施,并给出了一种适用于澄合矿区5号煤层综采液压支架工作阻力的计算方法。
The thick of coal seam is 3.5~4m in the face of 24504 of No.2 Chenghe mine, and the average mining height is 3.8m. Due to the special and complicated characteristics of the face, soft seam and the adverse roof, which are the factors have hinder safety and high efficiency product in face. The dissertation has chiefly studied the characteristics and laws of strata behavior and stress fields so realizes the regularity of mine pressure have the important meaning highly effective.
This paper bases on monitoring system, and uses the similar material modeling, the computer numerical calculus and the theoretical analysis method, study the characteristics of strata behavior and the measures to prevent roof fall and rib spalling in fully-mechanized coal mining face of soft seam and the adverse roof in No.2 Chenghe mine.
According monitoring system and the coal sample mechanics characteristic experiment, analysis the regularity of the supports, pressure and key strata’s broken. Use the computer numerical calculus of UDEC, analysis the broken regularity of roof and the theoretical analysis find the location of the key strata and first weighting interval. Based on the above, analysis the measures to prevent roof fall and rib spalling in the face.
According to the results, it is indicated that the characteristics of strata behavior are particular in the fully-mechanized face of No.2 Chenghe mine. It is especially included that the coefficient of dynamic load is littler and there is no impact load. The broken of the key strata included upper, middle, lower parts, which is consistent with the law of“O-X”style and have time sequence. The key strata controls the movement of roof, and can form the instability of the voussoir beam, which is stable in some time and have greater impact to the face. According to similar simulation test, the dipping seams are more clutter and the hulking coefficient are bigger, and the roof fall and rib spalling increase ahead of face are obtained. At last, based on the regularity of mine pressure, analysis of the24504 face in roof fall and rib spalling, and established a static load calculation based Chenghe coal mine on the 5th mechanized mining of coal roof support resistance calculations mechanical model portfolio.
论文在进行现场矿压观测的基础上,利用相似材料模拟、数值模拟及理论分析等研究手段,对澄合二矿松软煤层破碎顶板综采工作面矿压规律及工作面围岩控制技术进行了比较深入的研究。
根据现场矿压观测、相似材料模拟,分析了工作面支架载荷特点、周期来压规律及关键层破断特征;通过理论计算得出了关键层位置及初次来压步距,通过UDEC数值模拟分析了采场上覆岩层运移特征。在此基础上,进一步研究了工作面端面冒顶及煤壁片帮防治技术。
研究表明澄合二矿综采工作面矿压规律具有其特殊性:基本顶来压比较明显,但不强烈;关键层的破断分为上、中、下三个区,基本遵循“O-X”破断特征,破断时有一定的时序性;上覆岩层中的主关键层对上覆岩层的运动起控制作用,且能形成暂时稳定的结构,并对采场影响较大。数值模拟研究表明,随着采高的增加,采空区冒落矸石排列逐渐杂乱,碎胀系数随之增加,支架上方的顶板破碎加剧,工作面片帮加重。根据澄合矿区24504综采工作面液压支架使用状况和矿压观测,提出了工作面端面冒顶及煤壁片帮的防治技术措施,并给出了一种适用于澄合矿区5号煤层综采液压支架工作阻力的计算方法。
The thick of coal seam is 3.5~4m in the face of 24504 of No.2 Chenghe mine, and the average mining height is 3.8m. Due to the special and complicated characteristics of the face, soft seam and the adverse roof, which are the factors have hinder safety and high efficiency product in face. The dissertation has chiefly studied the characteristics and laws of strata behavior and stress fields so realizes the regularity of mine pressure have the important meaning highly effective.
This paper bases on monitoring system, and uses the similar material modeling, the computer numerical calculus and the theoretical analysis method, study the characteristics of strata behavior and the measures to prevent roof fall and rib spalling in fully-mechanized coal mining face of soft seam and the adverse roof in No.2 Chenghe mine.
According monitoring system and the coal sample mechanics characteristic experiment, analysis the regularity of the supports, pressure and key strata’s broken. Use the computer numerical calculus of UDEC, analysis the broken regularity of roof and the theoretical analysis find the location of the key strata and first weighting interval. Based on the above, analysis the measures to prevent roof fall and rib spalling in the face.
According to the results, it is indicated that the characteristics of strata behavior are particular in the fully-mechanized face of No.2 Chenghe mine. It is especially included that the coefficient of dynamic load is littler and there is no impact load. The broken of the key strata included upper, middle, lower parts, which is consistent with the law of“O-X”style and have time sequence. The key strata controls the movement of roof, and can form the instability of the voussoir beam, which is stable in some time and have greater impact to the face. According to similar simulation test, the dipping seams are more clutter and the hulking coefficient are bigger, and the roof fall and rib spalling increase ahead of face are obtained. At last, based on the regularity of mine pressure, analysis of the24504 face in roof fall and rib spalling, and established a static load calculation based Chenghe coal mine on the 5th mechanized mining of coal roof support resistance calculations mechanical model portfolio.
引文
[1]涂兴子,康全玉,翟新献.厚煤层分层综采技术[M].煤炭工业出版社,2002.7
[2]孟宪锐,李建民.现代放顶煤开采理论与实用技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社, 2001
[3]孟宪锐,王鸿鹏.我国厚煤层开采方法的选择原则与发展现状[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(1)39~44
[4]弓培林.大采高采场围岩控制理论及应用研究.煤炭工业出版社[M], 2006:4~6
[5]张日林,李少华,张建荣.大采高支架及配套设备在综放工作面的应用[J].煤,2007,16
[6] Bill Reid. Longwall mining in South Africa [J]. Coal, Vo1.99 No.10 Oct.1994
[7] S.K.Sarkar, T.K.Chatterjee. Single lift extraction of thick seam by longwall mining under Indian geo-mining conditions. International Symposium on Seam Mining, Indian: 1992.
[8] G.F.Wang,J.F.Liu.Compatibility design of equipment & its practice for fully mechanized coal working face with a larger depth International Symposium on Mining Science and Technology.2004.10.
[9] Rajendra Singh, Mining method to overcome geotechnical problems during underground working of thick coal seams-case studies, TIMM, SECTION A, MINING INDUSTRY, Vo1.108, May-August 1999:A .
[10]王家臣,仲淑媛.我国厚煤层开采技术现状及需要解决的关键问题.[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,3 (11)829~834
[11]赵宏珠编著.综采面矿压与液压支架设计[M].中国矿业学院出版社,1987.11
[12]王金华.我国高效综采成套技术的发展与现状[J].煤炭科学技术,2003(1):6
[13]王继明.世界首个7m大采高综采面投产[J].煤炭工程2010(2)15
[14]胡国伟.大采高综采工作面矿压显现特征及控制研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2006.6
[15]陈炎光,钱鸣高主编.中国煤矿采场围岩控制.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994.
[16]何富连,钱鸣高.大采高倾斜长壁液压支架倾倒特征与控制条件[J].中国矿业大学学报,1997.12
[17] B.Unver,N.E.Yasitli. Modeling of strata movement with a special reference to caving mechanism in thick seam coal mining.International Journal of Coal Geology,66(2006):227~252
[18] Thomas M B. Design and operation of powered supports for longwall mining. Engineering & Mining Journal, 1993, 194(6)
[19] N.E.Yasitli,B.Unver.3D numerical modeling of longwall mining with top-coal caving.International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,42(2005):219~235
[20] Rajendra Singh.Staggered elopement of a thick coal seam for full height working in a single lift by the blasting gallery method.International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences, 41(2004):745-759
[21] EurIng A Cuts Monitoring and control of coal face equipment. The Mining Engineer, 1993,153.
[22]郝海金,张勇.大采高采场整体力学模型及对采场矿压显现的影响[J].矿山压力与顶板管理, 2003(1):21~25
[23]郝海金,吴健,张勇.大采高开采上位岩层平衡结构及其对采场矿压的影响[J].煤炭学报, 2004(2):137~141
[24]郝海金.缓倾斜厚煤层大采高开采工作面矿压研究[J].煤, 2002(2):11~12
[25]张世豪.大采高综采工艺参数正交优化[J].山西煤炭, 2004(1):26~28
[26]吴士良.“三软”煤层大采高倾斜长壁综采围岩控制技术[J].焦作工学院学报,1999.5
[27]弓培林,靳钟铭.大采高采场覆岩结构特征及运动规律研究[J].煤炭学报, 2004(1):7~11
[28]钱鸣高,许家林.岩层控制中的关键层理论研究[J].煤炭学报, 1996(3):225~230
[29]弓培林.大采高采场围岩控制理论及应用研究.煤炭工业出版社[M] , 2006:4~6
[30]煤炭科学研究总院北京开采所.煤矿地表移动与覆岩破坏规律及其应用[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1981
[31]刘卫忠,孙立亚.大采高大倾角高档普采面平面应力状态的物理模拟[J].煤矿开采,2001(1):57~58
[32]钱鸣高,刘听成.矿山压力及其控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991:102~103
[33]钱鸣高.20年来采场围岩控制理论与实践的回顾[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2000(1):1~4
[34]茅献彪,缪协兴,钱鸣高.采动覆岩中关键层的破断规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报, 1998,27(1):39~42
[35]钱鸣高,茅献彪,缪协兴.采场覆岩中关键层上载荷的变化规律[J].煤炭学报, 1998,23(2):135~230
[36]钱鸣高,许家林.覆岩采动裂隙分布的“O”形圈特征研究[J].煤炭学报, 1998,23(5):466~469
[37]钱鸣高.砌体梁的“S-R”稳定及其应用[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1994(3):6210
[38] Qian Minggao, Zhao Guojing. The behavior of the main roof fracture in longwall mining and its effect on roof pressure [J]. In Rock Mechanics (Proceedings of the28th symposium), 1987.
[39]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[J].中国矿业大学出版社, 2003,11:174~176
[40]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[J].中国矿业大学出版社, 2003,11:74~76
[41]侯忠杰.组合关键层理论应用研究及其参数确定[J].煤炭学报, 2001.12(6):612-613
[2]孟宪锐,李建民.现代放顶煤开采理论与实用技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社, 2001
[3]孟宪锐,王鸿鹏.我国厚煤层开采方法的选择原则与发展现状[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,37(1)39~44
[4]弓培林.大采高采场围岩控制理论及应用研究.煤炭工业出版社[M], 2006:4~6
[5]张日林,李少华,张建荣.大采高支架及配套设备在综放工作面的应用[J].煤,2007,16
[6] Bill Reid. Longwall mining in South Africa [J]. Coal, Vo1.99 No.10 Oct.1994
[7] S.K.Sarkar, T.K.Chatterjee. Single lift extraction of thick seam by longwall mining under Indian geo-mining conditions. International Symposium on Seam Mining, Indian: 1992.
[8] G.F.Wang,J.F.Liu.Compatibility design of equipment & its practice for fully mechanized coal working face with a larger depth International Symposium on Mining Science and Technology.2004.10.
[9] Rajendra Singh, Mining method to overcome geotechnical problems during underground working of thick coal seams-case studies, TIMM, SECTION A, MINING INDUSTRY, Vo1.108, May-August 1999:A .
[10]王家臣,仲淑媛.我国厚煤层开采技术现状及需要解决的关键问题.[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,3 (11)829~834
[11]赵宏珠编著.综采面矿压与液压支架设计[M].中国矿业学院出版社,1987.11
[12]王金华.我国高效综采成套技术的发展与现状[J].煤炭科学技术,2003(1):6
[13]王继明.世界首个7m大采高综采面投产[J].煤炭工程2010(2)15
[14]胡国伟.大采高综采工作面矿压显现特征及控制研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2006.6
[15]陈炎光,钱鸣高主编.中国煤矿采场围岩控制.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994.
[16]何富连,钱鸣高.大采高倾斜长壁液压支架倾倒特征与控制条件[J].中国矿业大学学报,1997.12
[17] B.Unver,N.E.Yasitli. Modeling of strata movement with a special reference to caving mechanism in thick seam coal mining.International Journal of Coal Geology,66(2006):227~252
[18] Thomas M B. Design and operation of powered supports for longwall mining. Engineering & Mining Journal, 1993, 194(6)
[19] N.E.Yasitli,B.Unver.3D numerical modeling of longwall mining with top-coal caving.International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences,42(2005):219~235
[20] Rajendra Singh.Staggered elopement of a thick coal seam for full height working in a single lift by the blasting gallery method.International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences, 41(2004):745-759
[21] EurIng A Cuts Monitoring and control of coal face equipment. The Mining Engineer, 1993,153.
[22]郝海金,张勇.大采高采场整体力学模型及对采场矿压显现的影响[J].矿山压力与顶板管理, 2003(1):21~25
[23]郝海金,吴健,张勇.大采高开采上位岩层平衡结构及其对采场矿压的影响[J].煤炭学报, 2004(2):137~141
[24]郝海金.缓倾斜厚煤层大采高开采工作面矿压研究[J].煤, 2002(2):11~12
[25]张世豪.大采高综采工艺参数正交优化[J].山西煤炭, 2004(1):26~28
[26]吴士良.“三软”煤层大采高倾斜长壁综采围岩控制技术[J].焦作工学院学报,1999.5
[27]弓培林,靳钟铭.大采高采场覆岩结构特征及运动规律研究[J].煤炭学报, 2004(1):7~11
[28]钱鸣高,许家林.岩层控制中的关键层理论研究[J].煤炭学报, 1996(3):225~230
[29]弓培林.大采高采场围岩控制理论及应用研究.煤炭工业出版社[M] , 2006:4~6
[30]煤炭科学研究总院北京开采所.煤矿地表移动与覆岩破坏规律及其应用[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1981
[31]刘卫忠,孙立亚.大采高大倾角高档普采面平面应力状态的物理模拟[J].煤矿开采,2001(1):57~58
[32]钱鸣高,刘听成.矿山压力及其控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991:102~103
[33]钱鸣高.20年来采场围岩控制理论与实践的回顾[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2000(1):1~4
[34]茅献彪,缪协兴,钱鸣高.采动覆岩中关键层的破断规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报, 1998,27(1):39~42
[35]钱鸣高,茅献彪,缪协兴.采场覆岩中关键层上载荷的变化规律[J].煤炭学报, 1998,23(2):135~230
[36]钱鸣高,许家林.覆岩采动裂隙分布的“O”形圈特征研究[J].煤炭学报, 1998,23(5):466~469
[37]钱鸣高.砌体梁的“S-R”稳定及其应用[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1994(3):6210
[38] Qian Minggao, Zhao Guojing. The behavior of the main roof fracture in longwall mining and its effect on roof pressure [J]. In Rock Mechanics (Proceedings of the28th symposium), 1987.
[39]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[J].中国矿业大学出版社, 2003,11:174~176
[40]钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[J].中国矿业大学出版社, 2003,11:74~76
[41]侯忠杰.组合关键层理论应用研究及其参数确定[J].煤炭学报, 2001.12(6):612-613
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