大采高工作面煤壁片帮机理与应用研究
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摘要
大采高技术是我国厚煤层开采的重要发展方向。随着采高的增加,工作面煤壁的稳定性急剧下降,煤壁片帮严重。大采高煤壁的稳定性影响到大采高工作面的安全高效生产,研究大采高工作面煤壁片帮机理,对大采高煤壁进行稳定性评价,成为大采高技术研究的重要内容。
本文围绕大采高工作面煤壁片帮问题,分析了大采高工作面煤壁的破坏形式和影响煤壁稳定性的因素。采用FLAC3D软件数值模拟分析了生产技术因素对大采高煤壁稳定性煤壁的影响。数值模拟结果表明,煤壁最大水平位移发生在距离顶板距离为0.5h-0.5(h为采高)处；采高和液压支架支护强度对大采高煤壁稳定性的影响较大；大采高煤壁破坏形式由剪切破坏发展为拉伸破坏,剪切破坏和拉伸破坏叠加区的存在,导致煤壁的稳定性急剧下降。在大采高煤壁片帮分析和数值模拟分析的基础上,选取了影响大采高工作面煤壁稳定性的四个因素(影响因子),即：支护强度、煤体强度、采高和护帮高度,采用语义描述和层次分析法建立了大采高煤壁稳定性评价模型。采用大采高煤壁稳定性评价模型对河南赵固一矿12011工作面进行了稳定性评价,评价结果和现场实测结果基本吻合。
大采高工作面煤壁片帮的分析,深化了对大采高工作面片帮的认识。大采高工作面煤壁稳定性评价模型的建立,使大采高工作面煤壁稳定性影响因素分析从单一地、定性地描述研究转变为综合分析计算研究,该模型具有一定的工程实用性,对大采高工作面煤壁稳定性评价和工作面的支护设计具有一定的借鉴意义和参考价值,为大采高工作面煤壁的稳定性研究探索了一个新方法。
Large mining height technique is the important development directions of the thick coal seam mining process, with the increase of the mining height, the stability of working face coal wall decreased rapidly, the rib spalling of coal wall is seriously.The stability of large mining height influence safety and high efficiency production, the spalling mechanism of coal wall and evaluation of the stability are important research task of large mining height.
This dissertation encircle the problem of the rib spalling of large mining height, analysis of the failure mode coal wall of large mining and the influence factors of the stability of coal wall. The production technology factors influence degree of working face coal wall is analyzed by the FLAC3D. The results is showed that, the maximum vertical displacement of coal wall take place in distance from the roof 0.5h-0.5 (h is mining height), the mining height and support strength are influence the stability of the coal wall of large mining larger; the coal wall of large mining height destroying forms from shear failure to tensile failure, the stability of working face coal wall decreased rapidly, because exists the superposition area of the shear failure and tensile failure. Four influence factors such as support strength, mining strength, mining height and side wall protection height are chosen on the basis of the analysis on the rib spalling of coal wall and the analysis on the numerical simulation. The stability factors changed from qualitative to quantitative by the semantic description, and the model of in large mining height long wall face is set up by the AHP. The evaluation model is used in 12011 working face in Henan zhaogu No.1 mine; the result of evaluation was basically identical with the result field measurement.
The analysis on the coal wall stability of large mining height changed from qualitative to quantitative.by establishment of the model of stability evaluation. The application results show that the model has certain practical value and reference value for the stability evaluation of coal wall and explore a new method.
本文围绕大采高工作面煤壁片帮问题,分析了大采高工作面煤壁的破坏形式和影响煤壁稳定性的因素。采用FLAC3D软件数值模拟分析了生产技术因素对大采高煤壁稳定性煤壁的影响。数值模拟结果表明,煤壁最大水平位移发生在距离顶板距离为0.5h-0.5(h为采高)处；采高和液压支架支护强度对大采高煤壁稳定性的影响较大；大采高煤壁破坏形式由剪切破坏发展为拉伸破坏,剪切破坏和拉伸破坏叠加区的存在,导致煤壁的稳定性急剧下降。在大采高煤壁片帮分析和数值模拟分析的基础上,选取了影响大采高工作面煤壁稳定性的四个因素(影响因子),即：支护强度、煤体强度、采高和护帮高度,采用语义描述和层次分析法建立了大采高煤壁稳定性评价模型。采用大采高煤壁稳定性评价模型对河南赵固一矿12011工作面进行了稳定性评价,评价结果和现场实测结果基本吻合。
大采高工作面煤壁片帮的分析,深化了对大采高工作面片帮的认识。大采高工作面煤壁稳定性评价模型的建立,使大采高工作面煤壁稳定性影响因素分析从单一地、定性地描述研究转变为综合分析计算研究,该模型具有一定的工程实用性,对大采高工作面煤壁稳定性评价和工作面的支护设计具有一定的借鉴意义和参考价值,为大采高工作面煤壁的稳定性研究探索了一个新方法。
Large mining height technique is the important development directions of the thick coal seam mining process, with the increase of the mining height, the stability of working face coal wall decreased rapidly, the rib spalling of coal wall is seriously.The stability of large mining height influence safety and high efficiency production, the spalling mechanism of coal wall and evaluation of the stability are important research task of large mining height.
This dissertation encircle the problem of the rib spalling of large mining height, analysis of the failure mode coal wall of large mining and the influence factors of the stability of coal wall. The production technology factors influence degree of working face coal wall is analyzed by the FLAC3D. The results is showed that, the maximum vertical displacement of coal wall take place in distance from the roof 0.5h-0.5 (h is mining height), the mining height and support strength are influence the stability of the coal wall of large mining larger; the coal wall of large mining height destroying forms from shear failure to tensile failure, the stability of working face coal wall decreased rapidly, because exists the superposition area of the shear failure and tensile failure. Four influence factors such as support strength, mining strength, mining height and side wall protection height are chosen on the basis of the analysis on the rib spalling of coal wall and the analysis on the numerical simulation. The stability factors changed from qualitative to quantitative by the semantic description, and the model of in large mining height long wall face is set up by the AHP. The evaluation model is used in 12011 working face in Henan zhaogu No.1 mine; the result of evaluation was basically identical with the result field measurement.
The analysis on the coal wall stability of large mining height changed from qualitative to quantitative.by establishment of the model of stability evaluation. The application results show that the model has certain practical value and reference value for the stability evaluation of coal wall and explore a new method.
引文
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2王国法.大采高技术与大采高液压支架的开发研究[J].煤矿开采,2009,14(1)：24-26.
3张绪言.大采高采场围岩控制理论及应用研究[D].太原：太原理工大学,2010.
4袁文峰.大采高工作面初次来压的模拟与研究[D].太原：太原理工大学,2010.
5黄庆享.浅埋煤层长壁开采顶板结构及岩层控制研究[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2000：80-89.
6何富连,钱鸣高,刘学锋.大采高液压支架倾倒特征与控制条件[J].中国矿业大学学报,1997,26(4)：20-24.
7刘洪伟,刘卫方.采煤工作面煤壁片帮影响因素研究[J].煤炭技术,2006,25(10)：136-137.
8赵宏珠.大采高支架的使用及参数研究[J].煤炭学报,1991,16(1)：32-38.
9华心祝,谢广祥.大采高综采工作面煤壁片帮机理及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,36(9)：1-3.
10李建国,田取珍,杨双锁.河滩沟煤矿综放面煤壁片帮机理及其控制[J].煤炭科学技术,2003,31(12)：73-75.
11尹希文,闫少宏,安宇.大采高综采面煤壁片帮特征分析与应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(2)：222-225.
12刘涛.厚煤层大采高综采技术现状[J].煤炭工程,2002(2)：4-8.
13王金华.我国大采高综采技术与装备的现状及发展趋势[J].煤炭科学技术,2006(1)：4-7.
14梁生芳.大采高综采工作面装备介绍[J].煤炭工程,2004(1)：11-13.
15张慧,田银素.薄基岩大采高综采面矿压显现规律[J].矿山压力和顶板管理,2004(3)：69-71.
16刘卫忠,孙立亚.大采高大倾角高档普采面平面应力状态的物理模拟[J].煤矿开采,2001(1)：57-58.
17温运峰,高永格,蔡振禹.对厚煤层综采面煤壁片帮冒顶严重的原因分析[J].河北 建筑科技学院学报,2004(6)：69-71.
18刘思远.综放工作面煤壁片帮冒顶原因分析及防治措施[J].中州煤炭,2006(5)：26-28.
19 P Willians. The Development of Roek Bolting in UK Coal Mines[M]. Mining Engineering, 2004,64(5):12-14.
20 Gogus O, Boucher T. Strong transitivity, rationality and weak monotonic in fuzzy pair wise comparisons[J]. Fuzzy sets and systems,1998,94(1):133-144.
21 Fan Z, Ma J, Zhang Q. An approach to multiple attribute decision making based on fuzzy preference information on alternatives [J]. Fuzzy sets and system,2002,131(1):101-106.
22格罗莫夫,贝奇科夫.缓倾斜厚煤层开采矿山压力控制[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1989：78-86.
33赵宏珠.大采高支架的使用及参数研究[J].煤炭学报,1991,16(1)：32-38.
34陈炎光,钱鸣高.中国煤矿采场围岩控制[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,1994：272-278.
25弓培林,靳钟铭.大采高采场覆岩结构特征及运动规律研究[J].煤炭学报,2004(1)：7-11.
26靳钟铭.放顶煤开采理论与技术[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,2001：67-71.
27张顶立,钱鸣高.综放工作面围岩结构分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(4)：320-326.
28郝海金,张勇.大采高采场整体力学模型及对采场矿压显现的影响[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2003,32(2)：21-25.
29郝海金,吴健,张勇.大采高开采上位岩层平衡结构及其对采场矿压的影响[J].煤炭学报,2004,32(2)：137-141.
30郝海金,张勇.大采高开采工作面煤壁稳定性随机分析[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2005,24(4)：489-491.
31闫少宏.大采高综放开采煤壁片帮冒顶机理与控制途径研究[J].煤矿开采,2008,13(4)：5-8.
32牛艳奇,陈树义,刘俊峰.大采高综采工作面片帮加剧机理分析及防治措施[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(7)：38-40.
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