翻译过程中译者角色研究
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摘要
翻译作为一种人类活动，不论是在中国还是在西方，都已有大约2000年的发展历史了。自从有了翻译，几乎就有了翻译研究。翻译家和翻译理论家们对翻译做了很多的理论研究，其中也不乏对译者的研究。
任何一种翻译活动，都离不开在翻译主体中起决定作用的译者，都离不开译者对原作者所认识的事物的再认识与再表达，译者在其中兼有独特的角色。一部好的翻译作品，不仅是这种再认识与再表达的结晶，更是译者独具特色的角色证明。在整个翻译过程中，译者到底应该充当什么样的角色? 明确这一点，无疑会对整个翻译活动产生积极的影响，从而促进翻译作品更准确、更完美地传达原作信息。
本文从翻译过程模式及译者所必备的条件出发，将对译者角色问题进行探讨。译者在翻译过程中具有多重角色：一、译者以读者的角色研读原作；二、译者以作者的角色再现原文；三、译者以创造者的角色传达原作；四、译者以研究者的角色理解原作。
Translation, as a human activity, has a history of over 2,000 years or so both in China and in the west. Nearly since the appearance of translation, the study on it has begun. Many translators and theorists in translation have made lots of theories on translation, which includes the study of the translator.
Any translation activity can not do without the translator. In the translation activity, the translator recognizes and re-expresses the things that the original author knows. The translator plays a decisive part and has a unique role. A good translation is not only the crystallization of the recognition and re-expression, but also the identification of the unique role of the translator. During the whole translation process, what is the translator's role? It will undoubtedly have a positive effect on the whole translation process to clarify it. And also it will promote the translation product to communicate the information of the source text more accurately and perfectly.
This paper will discuss about the multiple role of the translator based on the models of the translation process and the requisites a translator should possess. It argues that the four aspects of this theme of role in the process of translation. First, the translator should conduct a careful study of the original as a reader. Second, the translator should represent the original as a writer. Third, the translator should express the original as a creator. Last, the translator should fully understand the original as a researcher.
任何一种翻译活动，都离不开在翻译主体中起决定作用的译者，都离不开译者对原作者所认识的事物的再认识与再表达，译者在其中兼有独特的角色。一部好的翻译作品，不仅是这种再认识与再表达的结晶，更是译者独具特色的角色证明。在整个翻译过程中，译者到底应该充当什么样的角色? 明确这一点，无疑会对整个翻译活动产生积极的影响，从而促进翻译作品更准确、更完美地传达原作信息。
本文从翻译过程模式及译者所必备的条件出发，将对译者角色问题进行探讨。译者在翻译过程中具有多重角色：一、译者以读者的角色研读原作；二、译者以作者的角色再现原文；三、译者以创造者的角色传达原作；四、译者以研究者的角色理解原作。
Translation, as a human activity, has a history of over 2,000 years or so both in China and in the west. Nearly since the appearance of translation, the study on it has begun. Many translators and theorists in translation have made lots of theories on translation, which includes the study of the translator.
Any translation activity can not do without the translator. In the translation activity, the translator recognizes and re-expresses the things that the original author knows. The translator plays a decisive part and has a unique role. A good translation is not only the crystallization of the recognition and re-expression, but also the identification of the unique role of the translator. During the whole translation process, what is the translator's role? It will undoubtedly have a positive effect on the whole translation process to clarify it. And also it will promote the translation product to communicate the information of the source text more accurately and perfectly.
This paper will discuss about the multiple role of the translator based on the models of the translation process and the requisites a translator should possess. It argues that the four aspects of this theme of role in the process of translation. First, the translator should conduct a careful study of the original as a reader. Second, the translator should represent the original as a writer. Third, the translator should express the original as a creator. Last, the translator should fully understand the original as a researcher.
引文
Bell, Roger T. 1991. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. London & New York: Longman
Delisle, Jean. 1995. Translator Through History. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Gentzler, Edwin. 1993. Contemporary Translation Theory. London: Routledge
Green, Jeffrey M. 2001. Thinking Through Translation. Athens & London: The University of Georgia Press
Hatim, Basil and Ian Mason. 2001. Discourse and the Translator. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
House, J. 1977. A Model For translation Quality Assessment. Tübingen: Narr
Kussmaul, Paul. 1995. Training the Translator. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Langacker, R. W. 1987. Foundations of a Cognitive Grammar. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Lévy, Jiri. 1967. Translation as A Decision Making Process. The Hague: Mouton
Lorscher, Wolfgang. 1991. Translation Performance, Translation Process, and Translation Strategies. Tübingen: Narr
Newmark, Peter. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. London & New York: Drentice Hall
Newmark, Peter. 1991. About Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd
Newmark, Peter. 2001. Approaches to Translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
Nida, Eugene A. 1964. Toward A Science of Translating. Leiden: E. J. Brill
Nida, Eugene A. 1969. Science of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill
Nida, Eugene A. 1993. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
Nida, Eugene A. 2001. Language and Culture ------ Contexts in Translating. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
Robinson, Douglas. 1997. Becoming a Translator. London and New York: Routledge
Schaffner, Christina & Beverly Adab. 2000. Developing Translation Competence. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Sinclair, J. M. 1991. Shared Knowledge. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press
Snell-Hornby, Mary. 1988. Translation Studies an Integrated Approach. Amsterdam & Philadelphia:
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Sofer, Morry. 1999. The Translator's Handbook. Maryland: Schreiber Publishing, Inc
Steinberg, D. D. 1982. Psycholinguistics. London: Routledge
Toury, Gideon. 1980. In Search of a Theory of Translation. Tel Aviv: The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics
Toury, Gideon. 1995. Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Tytler, A. 1791. Essay on the Principles of Translation. Dent: London
Venuti, Lawerence. 1995. The Translator's Invisibility. London & New York: Routledge
Wilss, Wolfram. 1982. The Science of Translation. Tübingen: Narr
Wilss, Wolfram. 1996. Knowledge and Skills in Translator Behavior. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
陈福康，1996，《中国译学理论史稿》，上海：上海外语教育出版社
古今明，1997，《英汉翻译基础》，上海：上海外语教育出版社
贺显斌，2000，贝尔的翻译过程模式述介，长沙：《外语与翻译》第1期，60-62页
李亚丹，2000，《英译汉名篇赏析》，武汉：湖北教育出版社
肖辉，张柏然，2001，翻译过程模式论断想，大连：《外语与外语教学》第11期，33-36页
谢天振，1999，《译介学》，上海：上海外语教育出版社
喻云根，1996，《英美名著翻译比较》，武汉：湖北教育出版社
张今，1987，《文学翻译理论》，郑州：河南大学出版社
重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要
Delisle, Jean. 1995. Translator Through History. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Gentzler, Edwin. 1993. Contemporary Translation Theory. London: Routledge
Green, Jeffrey M. 2001. Thinking Through Translation. Athens & London: The University of Georgia Press
Hatim, Basil and Ian Mason. 2001. Discourse and the Translator. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
House, J. 1977. A Model For translation Quality Assessment. Tübingen: Narr
Kussmaul, Paul. 1995. Training the Translator. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Langacker, R. W. 1987. Foundations of a Cognitive Grammar. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Lévy, Jiri. 1967. Translation as A Decision Making Process. The Hague: Mouton
Lorscher, Wolfgang. 1991. Translation Performance, Translation Process, and Translation Strategies. Tübingen: Narr
Newmark, Peter. 1988. A Textbook of Translation. London & New York: Drentice Hall
Newmark, Peter. 1991. About Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd
Newmark, Peter. 2001. Approaches to Translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
Nida, Eugene A. 1964. Toward A Science of Translating. Leiden: E. J. Brill
Nida, Eugene A. 1969. Science of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill
Nida, Eugene A. 1993. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
Nida, Eugene A. 2001. Language and Culture ------ Contexts in Translating. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press
Robinson, Douglas. 1997. Becoming a Translator. London and New York: Routledge
Schaffner, Christina & Beverly Adab. 2000. Developing Translation Competence. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Sinclair, J. M. 1991. Shared Knowledge. Washington DC: Georgetown University Press
Snell-Hornby, Mary. 1988. Translation Studies an Integrated Approach. Amsterdam & Philadelphia:
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Sofer, Morry. 1999. The Translator's Handbook. Maryland: Schreiber Publishing, Inc
Steinberg, D. D. 1982. Psycholinguistics. London: Routledge
Toury, Gideon. 1980. In Search of a Theory of Translation. Tel Aviv: The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics
Toury, Gideon. 1995. Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Tytler, A. 1791. Essay on the Principles of Translation. Dent: London
Venuti, Lawerence. 1995. The Translator's Invisibility. London & New York: Routledge
Wilss, Wolfram. 1982. The Science of Translation. Tübingen: Narr
Wilss, Wolfram. 1996. Knowledge and Skills in Translator Behavior. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company
陈福康，1996，《中国译学理论史稿》，上海：上海外语教育出版社
古今明，1997，《英汉翻译基础》，上海：上海外语教育出版社
贺显斌，2000，贝尔的翻译过程模式述介，长沙：《外语与翻译》第1期，60-62页
李亚丹，2000，《英译汉名篇赏析》，武汉：湖北教育出版社
肖辉，张柏然，2001，翻译过程模式论断想，大连：《外语与外语教学》第11期，33-36页
谢天振，1999，《译介学》，上海：上海外语教育出版社
喻云根，1996，《英美名著翻译比较》，武汉：湖北教育出版社
张今，1987，《文学翻译理论》，郑州：河南大学出版社
重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要