第三方物流配送管理信息系统分析与设计
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摘要
现代物流作为企业的一个重要利润源泉,越来越被社会所重视,在国民经济和社会发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着第三方物流的出现,极大的带动了我国物流产业的迅猛发展。而物流信息化水平,则是关系到物流企业服务质量和是否具有市场竞争力的重要因素。
作为物流企业信息化管理水平重要体现的物流信息系统,是物流企业提高服务水平和增强企业核心竞争力的重要保证。在第三方物流企业的业务和管理信息化的过程中,配送管理是第三方物流企业物流作业管理的一个重要组成部分,配送的效率直接影响整个物流系统的运作。如何提高管理效率、优化资源配置、降低管理成本、提高顾客满意度,是第三方物流企业面临的管理方面的重要问题。配送管理信息系统作为物流信息系统的一部分,为解决上述问题提供了一个很好选择。而随着电子商务及供应链的发展,对第三方物流企业的配送管理也提出了新的要求。
本文从物流行业发展背景以及中国物流配送信息化建设现状和发展趋势谈起,分析了现代物流配送在信息化建设方面存在和面临的问题,阐述了先进信息技术对提高现代物流配送管理水平的重要作用,提出配送管理信息系统实施的必要性;接着介绍了第三方物流、物流配送、物流信息系统的概念和先进的物流信息技术;然后分析了配送管理信息系统的建设目标及开发的基本原则,并对第三方物流配送管理信息系统进行关键业务流程如订单管理、库存管理、拣货、配货、计划调度、在途管理及客户管理等流程进行分析与设计;并设计一套实用的配送管理信息系统,描述相关的系统功能模块,为第三方物流企业提供一个关于配送管理的解决方案。最后提出了第三方物流配送管理信息系统开发环境和安全保证,为第三方物流企业的信息化实施过程提供借鉴。
As an important source of profits, modern logistics is catching more and more attention from the society and playing a more and more important role in the development of national economy and society. The appearance of third-party logistics has greatly enhanced the rapid development of logistics industry in China. However, the quality of information technology within logistics industry has been a key factor in influencing the quality of service within logistics companies and a key factor in determining a company’s competitive advantage.
The application of logistics information system is a main demonstration of the information-driven management of logistics, and it is also an important guarantee for improving the service quality and company’s core competitive ability. Within the third-party logistics company’s business and information-driven management, distribution management is a key component of logistics management in third-party logistics companies. The efficiency of distribution directly affects the operation of the whole logistics system. They major problems faced by third-party logistics companies are: how to improve management efficiency; how to optimize resource allocation; how to reduce management costs; and how to meet with customers’needs better. Being an important component of logistics information system, the distribution management system offers an outstanding opportunity for solving the above listed problems. With the development of e-commerce and supply chain, the distribution management within third-party logistics companies is facing new challenges.
Firstly this report introduced the background of logistics industry, status quo and development trend for information system in distribution management within China. Then this report analyzed the problems existing in the building process of information system in distribution management, explained the key role that high quality information system plays in improving the management of modern logistics distribution, and asserted necessity of the application of information system within the management of distribution. Secondly, this report introduced the concepts of third party logistics and logistics information system, and the information technology needed for building and using logistics information system. Thirdly, this report presented the goal of building information system for distribution management and principles for its development. This report also analyzed the key business of information system within distribution management and designed a series of models for order management, stock management, goods sorting, distribution, scheduled dispatching, management of the goods in transit, and customer management; this report also designed a set of practical information system for distribution management, and described its Function Module, which will offer a solution for the distribution management within third-party logistics companies. Lastly, this report discussed the environment and safety issues during the process of developing information system within third-party logistics companies’distribution management system, which should be noted by third-party logistics companies while implementing the information system.
作为物流企业信息化管理水平重要体现的物流信息系统,是物流企业提高服务水平和增强企业核心竞争力的重要保证。在第三方物流企业的业务和管理信息化的过程中,配送管理是第三方物流企业物流作业管理的一个重要组成部分,配送的效率直接影响整个物流系统的运作。如何提高管理效率、优化资源配置、降低管理成本、提高顾客满意度,是第三方物流企业面临的管理方面的重要问题。配送管理信息系统作为物流信息系统的一部分,为解决上述问题提供了一个很好选择。而随着电子商务及供应链的发展,对第三方物流企业的配送管理也提出了新的要求。
本文从物流行业发展背景以及中国物流配送信息化建设现状和发展趋势谈起,分析了现代物流配送在信息化建设方面存在和面临的问题,阐述了先进信息技术对提高现代物流配送管理水平的重要作用,提出配送管理信息系统实施的必要性;接着介绍了第三方物流、物流配送、物流信息系统的概念和先进的物流信息技术;然后分析了配送管理信息系统的建设目标及开发的基本原则,并对第三方物流配送管理信息系统进行关键业务流程如订单管理、库存管理、拣货、配货、计划调度、在途管理及客户管理等流程进行分析与设计;并设计一套实用的配送管理信息系统,描述相关的系统功能模块,为第三方物流企业提供一个关于配送管理的解决方案。最后提出了第三方物流配送管理信息系统开发环境和安全保证,为第三方物流企业的信息化实施过程提供借鉴。
As an important source of profits, modern logistics is catching more and more attention from the society and playing a more and more important role in the development of national economy and society. The appearance of third-party logistics has greatly enhanced the rapid development of logistics industry in China. However, the quality of information technology within logistics industry has been a key factor in influencing the quality of service within logistics companies and a key factor in determining a company’s competitive advantage.
The application of logistics information system is a main demonstration of the information-driven management of logistics, and it is also an important guarantee for improving the service quality and company’s core competitive ability. Within the third-party logistics company’s business and information-driven management, distribution management is a key component of logistics management in third-party logistics companies. The efficiency of distribution directly affects the operation of the whole logistics system. They major problems faced by third-party logistics companies are: how to improve management efficiency; how to optimize resource allocation; how to reduce management costs; and how to meet with customers’needs better. Being an important component of logistics information system, the distribution management system offers an outstanding opportunity for solving the above listed problems. With the development of e-commerce and supply chain, the distribution management within third-party logistics companies is facing new challenges.
Firstly this report introduced the background of logistics industry, status quo and development trend for information system in distribution management within China. Then this report analyzed the problems existing in the building process of information system in distribution management, explained the key role that high quality information system plays in improving the management of modern logistics distribution, and asserted necessity of the application of information system within the management of distribution. Secondly, this report introduced the concepts of third party logistics and logistics information system, and the information technology needed for building and using logistics information system. Thirdly, this report presented the goal of building information system for distribution management and principles for its development. This report also analyzed the key business of information system within distribution management and designed a series of models for order management, stock management, goods sorting, distribution, scheduled dispatching, management of the goods in transit, and customer management; this report also designed a set of practical information system for distribution management, and described its Function Module, which will offer a solution for the distribution management within third-party logistics companies. Lastly, this report discussed the environment and safety issues during the process of developing information system within third-party logistics companies’distribution management system, which should be noted by third-party logistics companies while implementing the information system.
引文
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[ 2 ] 国家发展和改革委员会经济运行局 南开大学现代物流研究中心主编.中国现代物流发展报告---全球化·整合·创新 [2007].机械工业出版社,2007:4-5
[ 3 ] 国家发展和改革委员会经济运行局 南开大学现代物流研究中心主编.中国现代物流发展报告[2003].机械工业出版社,2003: 382-383
[ 4 ] 张力.浅谈我国现代物流发展存在的问题及对策[J].沿海企业与科技,2006,4:191-192
[ 5 ] 王爱文.我国第三方物流发展存在的问题与解决对策[J].物流工程,2007,5:66
[ 6 ] 王忠郴.现代物流业发展状况及对策思考[J].企业经济,2007,4:99-101
[ 7 ] 毛禹忠.物流管理[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004,7:4-6
[ 8 ] 敢守峰.物流管理新论[M].科学技术出版社,2004,2:129-134
[ 9 ] 黄中鼎,刘敏,张敏.现代物流管理学[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2004,4:401-403
[ 10 ] 宋华,胡左浩.现代物流与供应链管理[M].北京:北京经济管理出版社,2003,5: 23-29
[ 11 ] Ronald H. B.企业物流管理[M].王晓东,胡瑞娟等译.机械工业出版社,2003,5:63-70
[ 12 ] Charles G﹒Petersen ,Gerald Aase . A comparison of picking Storage and routing Policies in manual order picking [J].Production Economics. 2004,92: 11-19
[ 13 ] Kees Jan Roodbergen,Rene de Koster.Routing order picking in a warehouse with a middle aisle[J]. European Journal of Operational Research,2001,133,32-43
[ 14 ] H. Brynzer, M. Johansson . Design and performance of kitting and order Picking system [J].Production Economics, 1995, 41:115-125
[ 15 ] G.Clarke, J. Wright . Scheduling of Vehicles from a Central Depot to A Number of Delivery Points[J]. Operation Research, 1964,12 (4).
[ 16 ] Gillett, L. R. Miller.A heuristic algorithm for the vehicle dispatch problem[J].Operations Research,1974,2:55-63
[ 17 ] 李军.有时间窗的车辆路线安排问题的启发式算法.系统工程[J],1996(5):9-10
[ 18 ] 蔡延光,钱积新,孙优贤.多重运输调度问题模拟退火算法[J].系统工程理论与实 践,1998,(10):10-15
[ 19 ] 张潜,高立群,胡祥培.物流配送路径多目标优化的聚类-改进遗传算法[J].控制与决 策,2003,4:23-26
[ 20 ] 曹二保,赖明勇,聂 凯.大规模物流配送车辆调度问题研究[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,34(12):89-92
[ 21 ] 夏文明,李国富,朱双东.面向中小企业集群的非满载车辆调度问题研究[J].宁波大学学报(理工版),2007,20(4):503-506
[ 22 ] 李宁,邹彤,孙德宝.车辆路径问题的粒子群算法研究[J],系统工程学报,2004,6:
[ 23 ] 史玉敏,赵庆祯.物流配送中双向车辆路径问题(VRP)的研究[J].微计算机信息(管控一体化)2007, 23 (11):127-129
[ 24 ] 严寒冰,刘迎春.基于 GIS 的城市道路网最短路径算法探讨[J].计算机学报, 2000, (2):210-215
[ 25 ] 陈勇,刘涣林,王平.Internet 环境下物流网络配送系统[J].计算机系统应用, 2003,(4):10-12
[ 26 ] 吴国锋,丁叮,杨梅芝.提升核心竞争力的策略[J].中国物流与采购,2005,(8):66-67
[ 27 ] 卢萍,王大超.以订单为导向的企业物流模式分析[J].学术交流,2002,(1):116-119
[ 28 ] 王佐.分歧·挑战·机遇──国外第三方物流协作方的认识差异对我国流发展的启示[J].中国物流与采购,2005,(11):43-44
[ 29 ] 黄鹏,王凤歧.企业物流系统问题和改善对策[J].现代制造工程,2004,(11):95-97
[ 30 ] 王国华.工业企业物流现代化的发展战略与模式[J].中国物流与采购,2002,(7)
[ 31 ] 梁静,蔡淑琴,汤云飞等.供应链中的信息共享及其共享模式[J].工业工程与管理, 2004,(4):83-92
[ 32 ] 于宝琴.现代物流信息管理[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2004:12-13
[ 33 ] 张铎,柯新生.现代物流信息系统建设[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2004, 3:23-35
[ 34 ] 杜文,任民.第三方物流[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004,2 :176-180
[ 35 ] 方光罗,梁金萍.现代物流学[M].大连:东北财经大学出版社,2004,2,104-119
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