PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压柱受力性能试验研究
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摘要
为改善钢管混凝土界面力学性能、加强钢管混凝土组合效应，提出了在钢管混凝土内部增设PBL的概念，即PBL加劲型钢管混凝土组合柱。本文在国家自然科学基金项目—PBL加劲型钢管混凝土拱力学性能与设计方法研究(51178051)的资助下，对PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土组合柱的轴压受力性能和破坏机理进行了研究，并将其应用于方钢管混凝土拱桥中，研究了其在力学性能方面的优势，为其在桥梁工程中的应用提供了依据。
论文主要研究内容和研究成果如下：
（1）对方钢管混凝土、设加劲肋方钢管混凝土和PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土共27根短柱进行了轴压试验，研究分析了构件的破坏模式、荷载位移曲线、荷载应变曲线等。研究结果表明：PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式与设加劲肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式相似，但与方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式存在明显不同。PBL能够参与全截面受力，能更有效的将荷载传递给混凝土，增强钢混的共同作用；PBL加劲型方钢管对核心混凝土的约束效应更强；在方钢管内部设加劲肋或者增设PBL能有效提高方钢管混凝土的承载力和轴压刚度。
（2）采用有限元软件ANSYS对轴压短柱的受力全过程进行了仿真模拟分析，提出了修正后的核心混凝土应力应变关系，有限元计算结果与本文试验结果吻合较好。根据计算结果，分析比较了不同截面形式的方钢管混凝土轴压短柱柱中截面核心混凝土和钢管的应力分布规律，分析结果表明：孔内混凝土压应力高于其余核心混凝土压应力，PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土的核心混凝土应力分布最不均匀；随着开孔孔径的增大，钢管壁板中部横向应力呈现先增大后减小的趋势。
（3）基于试验数据，提出了适用于方钢管混凝土轴压短柱、设加劲肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱和PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的统一承载力计算公式和轴压刚度计算公式，并与相关规范进行了比较，公式计算结果与试验数据吻合较好。在此基础上，对PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱进行了有限元参数分析，验证了计算方法的可行性，提出了其设计方法。
（4）对5根PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压长柱进行了轴压试验研究。试验之前，采用超声波对内填混凝土的质量进行检测，超声波检测结果表明：PBL与混凝土能够有效的粘结在一起，混凝土浇筑质量良好。试验结果表明：长细比是影响组合长柱轴压受力性能的主要因素，提出了适用于PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压长柱抗弯刚度和长柱稳定承载力的实用计算方法，与试验结果吻合较好。
（5）将PBL应用于一座方钢管混凝土拱桥中，分析了PBL对方钢管混凝土拱桥力学性能的影响，研究结果表明：在方钢管混凝土拱桥中增设PBL能够有效提高拱桥的抗弯刚度和极限承载能力，与方钢管混凝土拱桥相比，增设PBL之后含钢率增大约30%，然而承载能力提高约54%，在极限状态下，荷载能够更有效的沿拱肋传递，从而增强了钢与混凝土的共同作用。
A novel idea of setting PBL stiffeners into section of steel and concrete composite wasproposed. PBL stiffeners may improve the mechanical properties of the interface of steel andconcrete as well as its composite effect. The project “Mechanical behavior and design methodstudy of new type arch with PBL stiffened section of steel-concrete composite” was funded bythe National Natural Science Foundation(51178051). The objective of the study is toinvestigate its mechanical performance, failure modes, its applications in arch bridges withrectangular shape section and its advantages in mechanical properties. The research canprovide the basis for its application in bridge engineering.
The research content and research results are as follows:
(1) A total of27short columns with various section: rectangular steel-concrete composite,rectangular steel-concrete composite with stiffeners and rectangular steel-concrete compositewith PBL stiffeners were tested in axial compression. Component failure modes,load-displacement curve and load strain curve were analyzed. The results show that: thefailure modes of the rectangular steel-concrete composite columns with PBL stiffeners aresimilar to those of rectangular steel-concrete composite columns with stiffeners, but they aremuch different from those of rectangular steel-concrete composite columns. The reason is thatPBL stiffeners can help steel plates to resist load and transfer the load to concrete effectively,which enhances steel-concrete combination effect. Also, it can enhances constrain effect ofsteel plates on core concrete of the composite section. Bearing capacities of concrete filledsteel tubular and axial compression stiffness are significantly improved by using steelstiffeners or PBL stiffeners.
(2)The behavior of short columns subjected to axial loads was analyzed by ANSYS-afinite element software program. A revised stress-strain relationship of core concrete wasproposed. The numerical results show a good agreement with the experimental results.According to the numerical results, we investigated and compared stress distribution ofrectangular steel-concrete composite columns. The results show that hole concretecompressive stress is higher than the rest of the core concrete compressive stress. Also, PBLstiffened core concrete stress distribution is most uneven among all columns; the mechanismof PBL stiffened concrete short columns was analyzed and results show that steel stresses atthe transverse direction of steel plates at the center of columns first increases and thendecreases with the increase of the diameter of hole of the stiffeners.
(3)According to the experimental data, universal regression equations of bearing capacityand stiffness for rectangular steel-concrete composite, rectangular steel-concrete compositewith stiffeners and rectangular steel-concrete composite with PBL stiffeners are given andcompared to the equations in related codes. The results from regression equations andexperimental results are in good agreement. Based on the above analyses, we continued to dosensitive analyses for rectangular steel-concrete composite with PBL stiffeners and verify thefeasibility of the calculation method. Finally, a design method was proposed.
(4)Five rectangular steel-concrete composite slender columns with PBL stiffeners weretested in axial compression. Before the test, quality of internal fill concrete was tested. Theultrasonic testing results show that: PBL stiffeners are bonded well with concrete, whichmeans a good quality concrete pouring. The test results also show that: the slenderness ratio isa major factor that affects the behavior of slender columns subjected to axial compressionforce. Practical method of calculating for bending stiffness and stability capacity of slendercolumns with PBL stiffeners under axial compression were proposed. The results from thepractical method are in good agreement with the experimental results.
(5)We applied PBL stiffeners to a square steel-concrete composite arch bridge and analyzedthe effect of PBL stiffeners on the mechanical properties of the bridges. The results show that:PBL stiffeners can significantly improve the flexural stiffness and ultimate bearing capacity ofarch bridges. The steel ratio of the arch bridge with PBL stiffeners is increased by about30%,while the carrying capacity is increased by about54%. In the ultimate limit state, the load canbe more effectively transferred to the arch rib; thereby the combination effect of steel-concrete is improved.
论文主要研究内容和研究成果如下：
（1）对方钢管混凝土、设加劲肋方钢管混凝土和PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土共27根短柱进行了轴压试验，研究分析了构件的破坏模式、荷载位移曲线、荷载应变曲线等。研究结果表明：PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式与设加劲肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式相似，但与方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的破坏模式存在明显不同。PBL能够参与全截面受力，能更有效的将荷载传递给混凝土，增强钢混的共同作用；PBL加劲型方钢管对核心混凝土的约束效应更强；在方钢管内部设加劲肋或者增设PBL能有效提高方钢管混凝土的承载力和轴压刚度。
（2）采用有限元软件ANSYS对轴压短柱的受力全过程进行了仿真模拟分析，提出了修正后的核心混凝土应力应变关系，有限元计算结果与本文试验结果吻合较好。根据计算结果，分析比较了不同截面形式的方钢管混凝土轴压短柱柱中截面核心混凝土和钢管的应力分布规律，分析结果表明：孔内混凝土压应力高于其余核心混凝土压应力，PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土的核心混凝土应力分布最不均匀；随着开孔孔径的增大，钢管壁板中部横向应力呈现先增大后减小的趋势。
（3）基于试验数据，提出了适用于方钢管混凝土轴压短柱、设加劲肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱和PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的统一承载力计算公式和轴压刚度计算公式，并与相关规范进行了比较，公式计算结果与试验数据吻合较好。在此基础上，对PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱进行了有限元参数分析，验证了计算方法的可行性，提出了其设计方法。
（4）对5根PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压长柱进行了轴压试验研究。试验之前，采用超声波对内填混凝土的质量进行检测，超声波检测结果表明：PBL与混凝土能够有效的粘结在一起，混凝土浇筑质量良好。试验结果表明：长细比是影响组合长柱轴压受力性能的主要因素，提出了适用于PBL加劲型方钢管混凝土轴压长柱抗弯刚度和长柱稳定承载力的实用计算方法，与试验结果吻合较好。
（5）将PBL应用于一座方钢管混凝土拱桥中，分析了PBL对方钢管混凝土拱桥力学性能的影响，研究结果表明：在方钢管混凝土拱桥中增设PBL能够有效提高拱桥的抗弯刚度和极限承载能力，与方钢管混凝土拱桥相比，增设PBL之后含钢率增大约30%，然而承载能力提高约54%，在极限状态下，荷载能够更有效的沿拱肋传递，从而增强了钢与混凝土的共同作用。
A novel idea of setting PBL stiffeners into section of steel and concrete composite wasproposed. PBL stiffeners may improve the mechanical properties of the interface of steel andconcrete as well as its composite effect. The project “Mechanical behavior and design methodstudy of new type arch with PBL stiffened section of steel-concrete composite” was funded bythe National Natural Science Foundation(51178051). The objective of the study is toinvestigate its mechanical performance, failure modes, its applications in arch bridges withrectangular shape section and its advantages in mechanical properties. The research canprovide the basis for its application in bridge engineering.
The research content and research results are as follows:
(1) A total of27short columns with various section: rectangular steel-concrete composite,rectangular steel-concrete composite with stiffeners and rectangular steel-concrete compositewith PBL stiffeners were tested in axial compression. Component failure modes,load-displacement curve and load strain curve were analyzed. The results show that: thefailure modes of the rectangular steel-concrete composite columns with PBL stiffeners aresimilar to those of rectangular steel-concrete composite columns with stiffeners, but they aremuch different from those of rectangular steel-concrete composite columns. The reason is thatPBL stiffeners can help steel plates to resist load and transfer the load to concrete effectively,which enhances steel-concrete combination effect. Also, it can enhances constrain effect ofsteel plates on core concrete of the composite section. Bearing capacities of concrete filledsteel tubular and axial compression stiffness are significantly improved by using steelstiffeners or PBL stiffeners.
(2)The behavior of short columns subjected to axial loads was analyzed by ANSYS-afinite element software program. A revised stress-strain relationship of core concrete wasproposed. The numerical results show a good agreement with the experimental results.According to the numerical results, we investigated and compared stress distribution ofrectangular steel-concrete composite columns. The results show that hole concretecompressive stress is higher than the rest of the core concrete compressive stress. Also, PBLstiffened core concrete stress distribution is most uneven among all columns; the mechanismof PBL stiffened concrete short columns was analyzed and results show that steel stresses atthe transverse direction of steel plates at the center of columns first increases and thendecreases with the increase of the diameter of hole of the stiffeners.
(3)According to the experimental data, universal regression equations of bearing capacityand stiffness for rectangular steel-concrete composite, rectangular steel-concrete compositewith stiffeners and rectangular steel-concrete composite with PBL stiffeners are given andcompared to the equations in related codes. The results from regression equations andexperimental results are in good agreement. Based on the above analyses, we continued to dosensitive analyses for rectangular steel-concrete composite with PBL stiffeners and verify thefeasibility of the calculation method. Finally, a design method was proposed.
(4)Five rectangular steel-concrete composite slender columns with PBL stiffeners weretested in axial compression. Before the test, quality of internal fill concrete was tested. Theultrasonic testing results show that: PBL stiffeners are bonded well with concrete, whichmeans a good quality concrete pouring. The test results also show that: the slenderness ratio isa major factor that affects the behavior of slender columns subjected to axial compressionforce. Practical method of calculating for bending stiffness and stability capacity of slendercolumns with PBL stiffeners under axial compression were proposed. The results from thepractical method are in good agreement with the experimental results.
(5)We applied PBL stiffeners to a square steel-concrete composite arch bridge and analyzedthe effect of PBL stiffeners on the mechanical properties of the bridges. The results show that:PBL stiffeners can significantly improve the flexural stiffness and ultimate bearing capacity ofarch bridges. The steel ratio of the arch bridge with PBL stiffeners is increased by about30%,while the carrying capacity is increased by about54%. In the ultimate limit state, the load canbe more effectively transferred to the arch rib; thereby the combination effect of steel-concrete is improved.
引文
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