复配混凝剂（PAC-PDMDAAC）处理嘉陵江水源水试验研究
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摘要
嘉陵江典型水质主要有春季“桃花水”及夏季高浊水。“桃花水”即桃花讯,原水水质复杂,腐殖质类有机物含量高,药剂消耗量大,混凝形成的絮体沉淀性能差,常规水处理工艺处理困难。高浊度水,原水水质混浊,泥沙含量大,同时伴有大量有机物冲入水体,药剂消耗量大,浊度去除效果差等等。本文主要研究聚合氯化铝(PAC)与聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)复配混凝剂的强化混凝技术,实现在高浊度时提高浊度去除率和在“桃花水”时提高腐殖质类及部分有毒有害有机物的去除率。
PDMDAAC是季铵盐系有机高分子,试验表明该混凝剂不适合单独投加,需要与其它混凝剂复配投加。通过几种混凝剂与PDMDAAC复配试验,发现PAC与PDMDAAC复配混凝效果最好。
“桃花水”时期,最优复配比例为M(PDMDAAC):M(PAC)=1:100,复配混凝剂平均投药量为8mg/L ,单独投加PAC平均投药量为14.3 mg/L。试验表明复配混凝剂混凝效果优于单独投加PAC,而且复配比例越低,矾花粒径越小。采用复配混凝剂处理后,出厂水剩余铝的平均浓度为0.028 mg/L; CODMn平均浓度为1.52mg/L,平均去除率为35.8%;沉淀池出水氨氮平均浓度为0.15mg/L,平均去除率为35.8%。
高浊水时期,最优复配比例为M(PDMDAAC):M(PAC)=3:500,混凝效果随着药液浓度增大而提高。浊度小于100NTU时,复配混凝剂投药量为6~15mg/L,PAC投药量为15~20 mg/L;浊度在100~2000NTU时,复配混凝剂投药量为15~25 mg/L,PAC(未复配)投药量为30~40 mg/L;浊度在2000~6000NTU时,复配混凝剂投药量为30~40 mg/L,PAC(未复配)投药量为40~60 mg/L。试验表明,复配混凝剂与单独投加PAC相比,不仅可以节约较多的投药量,而且混凝效果较好。采用复配混凝剂处理后,出厂水剩余铝的平均浓度为0.034 mg/L;CODMn平均浓度为1.37mg/L,平均去除率为66.82%;沉淀池出水氨氮平均浓度为0.11mg/L,平均去除率为34.81%。
因此,复配混凝剂PAC-PDMDAAC可以实现在高浊度时提高浊度去除率和在“桃花水”时期提高腐殖质类或其它有机物的去除率。
Jialing River is typical of "Peach Blossom Water" in spring and the high turbidity water in summer. "Peach Blossom water" is peach hearing, it means that is the complexity quality of the raw water, high content of humus organic compounds, pharmaceuticals consumed in large quantities, the poor sedimentation of the flocs by coagulation, and it is hard to deal with by conventional water treatment processes. High turbidity water means that is turbidity of the raw water, large sediment content, it mainly refers to the turbidity of the water is greater than or equal to 1000NTU. The complex coagulant coagulation technology of aluminum chloride (PAC) and poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(PDMDAAC)is researched to raise turbidity removal in the high turbidity and to raise the humus removal of toxic and some hazardous organic compounds in "Peach Blossom Water" in this article.
PDMDAAC is organic polymer quaternary ammonium in the test. The test shows that the coagulant dosage is not suitable for adding separately, and with other coagulant dosing. Through complex tests with the several coagulant dosing and PDMDAAC, it demonstrates that mixed PDMDAAC and PAC is the best.
Duing the "Peach Blossom water" period, the optimal mixture ratio was PDMDAAC: PAC = 1:100, the average complex coagulant dosage was 8mg/L, PAC was 14.3mg/L. The proportion of complex was lower, the size of alum was smaller. It showed that compound coagulant dosing was superior to PAC by production experiment. The average concentration of the remaining aluminum was 0.028 mg/L in the treated water by compound coagulant; the average concentration of CODMn was 1.52mg/ L, the average removal rate was 35.8%; the average concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 0.15mg / L in settling tank effluent, the average removal rate was 35.8%.
Duing the high turbidity water, the optimal mixture ratio was PDMDAAC: PAC = 3:500, the coagulation effect increased with the increase of the solution concentration. When the turbidity was less than 100NTU, the complex coagulant dosage was 6~15mg /L, the PAC was 15~20 mg/L; when the turbidity was in the 100~2000NTU, the complex coagulant dosage was 15~25 mg/L, the PAC was 30~40 mg/L; when the turbidity was in the 2000 ~ 6000NTU, the complex coagulant dosage was 30~40 mg/L, the PAC was 40~60 mg/L. It showed that compound coagulant dosing compared with the single PAC, it not only could save more dosage, and coagulation effect was well. The average concentration of the remaining aluminum was 0.034 mg/L in the treated water by compound coagulant; the average concentration of CODMn was 1.37mg/ L, the average removal rate was 66.82%; the average concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 0.11mg / L in settling tank effluent, the average removal rate was 34.81%.
Therefore, the complex coagulant PAC-PDMDAAC can raise the turbidity removal rate during the high turbidity water, and the removal rate of the humus or other organic matter during the "Peach Blossom water".
PDMDAAC是季铵盐系有机高分子,试验表明该混凝剂不适合单独投加,需要与其它混凝剂复配投加。通过几种混凝剂与PDMDAAC复配试验,发现PAC与PDMDAAC复配混凝效果最好。
“桃花水”时期,最优复配比例为M(PDMDAAC):M(PAC)=1:100,复配混凝剂平均投药量为8mg/L ,单独投加PAC平均投药量为14.3 mg/L。试验表明复配混凝剂混凝效果优于单独投加PAC,而且复配比例越低,矾花粒径越小。采用复配混凝剂处理后,出厂水剩余铝的平均浓度为0.028 mg/L; CODMn平均浓度为1.52mg/L,平均去除率为35.8%;沉淀池出水氨氮平均浓度为0.15mg/L,平均去除率为35.8%。
高浊水时期,最优复配比例为M(PDMDAAC):M(PAC)=3:500,混凝效果随着药液浓度增大而提高。浊度小于100NTU时,复配混凝剂投药量为6~15mg/L,PAC投药量为15~20 mg/L;浊度在100~2000NTU时,复配混凝剂投药量为15~25 mg/L,PAC(未复配)投药量为30~40 mg/L;浊度在2000~6000NTU时,复配混凝剂投药量为30~40 mg/L,PAC(未复配)投药量为40~60 mg/L。试验表明,复配混凝剂与单独投加PAC相比,不仅可以节约较多的投药量,而且混凝效果较好。采用复配混凝剂处理后,出厂水剩余铝的平均浓度为0.034 mg/L;CODMn平均浓度为1.37mg/L,平均去除率为66.82%;沉淀池出水氨氮平均浓度为0.11mg/L,平均去除率为34.81%。
因此,复配混凝剂PAC-PDMDAAC可以实现在高浊度时提高浊度去除率和在“桃花水”时期提高腐殖质类或其它有机物的去除率。
Jialing River is typical of "Peach Blossom Water" in spring and the high turbidity water in summer. "Peach Blossom water" is peach hearing, it means that is the complexity quality of the raw water, high content of humus organic compounds, pharmaceuticals consumed in large quantities, the poor sedimentation of the flocs by coagulation, and it is hard to deal with by conventional water treatment processes. High turbidity water means that is turbidity of the raw water, large sediment content, it mainly refers to the turbidity of the water is greater than or equal to 1000NTU. The complex coagulant coagulation technology of aluminum chloride (PAC) and poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(PDMDAAC)is researched to raise turbidity removal in the high turbidity and to raise the humus removal of toxic and some hazardous organic compounds in "Peach Blossom Water" in this article.
PDMDAAC is organic polymer quaternary ammonium in the test. The test shows that the coagulant dosage is not suitable for adding separately, and with other coagulant dosing. Through complex tests with the several coagulant dosing and PDMDAAC, it demonstrates that mixed PDMDAAC and PAC is the best.
Duing the "Peach Blossom water" period, the optimal mixture ratio was PDMDAAC: PAC = 1:100, the average complex coagulant dosage was 8mg/L, PAC was 14.3mg/L. The proportion of complex was lower, the size of alum was smaller. It showed that compound coagulant dosing was superior to PAC by production experiment. The average concentration of the remaining aluminum was 0.028 mg/L in the treated water by compound coagulant; the average concentration of CODMn was 1.52mg/ L, the average removal rate was 35.8%; the average concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 0.15mg / L in settling tank effluent, the average removal rate was 35.8%.
Duing the high turbidity water, the optimal mixture ratio was PDMDAAC: PAC = 3:500, the coagulation effect increased with the increase of the solution concentration. When the turbidity was less than 100NTU, the complex coagulant dosage was 6~15mg /L, the PAC was 15~20 mg/L; when the turbidity was in the 100~2000NTU, the complex coagulant dosage was 15~25 mg/L, the PAC was 30~40 mg/L; when the turbidity was in the 2000 ~ 6000NTU, the complex coagulant dosage was 30~40 mg/L, the PAC was 40~60 mg/L. It showed that compound coagulant dosing compared with the single PAC, it not only could save more dosage, and coagulation effect was well. The average concentration of the remaining aluminum was 0.034 mg/L in the treated water by compound coagulant; the average concentration of CODMn was 1.37mg/ L, the average removal rate was 66.82%; the average concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 0.11mg / L in settling tank effluent, the average removal rate was 34.81%.
Therefore, the complex coagulant PAC-PDMDAAC can raise the turbidity removal rate during the high turbidity water, and the removal rate of the humus or other organic matter during the "Peach Blossom water".
引文
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[11] DENTEL SK. Applieation of the Precipitation-Charge. Neutralization Model of Coation [J]. Envirn Sci Technol.1988,22(7):825.
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[14] S.K.DenTel. ApplicaTion of The PrecipiTaTion-charge NeuTralizaTion Model of CoagulaTion.Environ[J]. Sci&Technol.1988,22(7):825-828..
[15]王志石.混凝和过滤工艺过程的基础理论研究土木工程学报.1988,21(4):48-51.
[16] Hahn H.H&Stumm,W. kinetics of coagulation with hydrolyzed aluminum[J].Jour. Colloid and Inter.Science.1968,28:133.
[17] LaMer,V.K,Healy,T.W.,Adsorption-flocculation reactions of macro-molecules at the solid-liquidinterface[J].Rev.Pure Appl.Chem,1963,13:112.
[18] R.F.Packham.Some STudies of The CoagulaTion of Dispersed Clays with Hydrolyzed SalTs[J].Colloid Sci.1965,20:81-85.
[19]宗栋良,张锡辉,张光明.水温对混凝过程流动电流的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2004,27(6):73-75.
[20]王敏.预臭氧化对强化混凝影响的研究[M].中国地质大学(北京).2006.
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