船舶与海洋结构物运动的三维时域方法及应用
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摘要
随着我国对深海油气资源的需求越来越迫切,船舶与海洋工程工业得到了不断发展,一些新船型和新海洋平台形式也不断出现,这对于船舶在波浪中的运动和水动力载荷的预报也提出了新的要求。因而寻求合理而实用的船舶与海洋结构物运动和水动力载荷预报方法对船舶与海洋工程发展具有重要意义。
目前对船舶与海洋结构物在波浪上运动问题研究较多的是频域方法,但频域理论通常只适合于求解稳态问题,对瞬变或者强非线性问题显得无能为力。而时域理论是一种不分离时间项的理论方法,原则上可以处理全非线性和物体任意运动的问题。因此,时域理论的研究对那些频域理论无法解释和无法处理的问题具有重要的作用。另外,随着大容量和高速度计算机的出现,对于时域耐波性理论研究有了数值计算实现的条件。三维时域方法研究船舶与海洋结构物与波浪相互作用问题必将成为船舶与海洋工程水动力学发展的必然方向。因此本文的三维时域数值方法的研究具有重要的理论意义及工程实用价值。
本文首先基于Bessel函数的性质,采用新的方法推导了时域Green函数及其导数所满足的常微分方程式。在探索求解精度和计算效率的矛盾中,提出了结合求解常微分方程的节点制表、节点间插值的快速计算Green函数的方法并据此开发了一套三维深水时域Green函数的数值计算程序。该方法克服了以往制表插值计算方法中存在的大小时间域分界的困难,同时保证了求解效率提高了函数振荡时的精度。数值计算表明,该方法能有效地计算三维深水时域Green函数,适用于三维时域船舶水动力势流问题的求解。
本文应用自主开发的时域Green函数的数值计算程序,采用三维时域数值模拟方法,对在波浪中运动的无航速WigleyⅠ型船的水动力系数和波浪力以及WigleyⅢ型船的运动响应进行了数值计算,并与试验值及文献计算结果进行了比较。计算结果验证了无航速浮体与波浪相互作用的三维时域模拟计算程序的有效性。
本文采用三维时域方法对多浮体系统水动力共振现象进行了研究,通过研究得出了如下的重要结论:(1)数值计算结果证实了每个浮体在共振频率附近峰值效应的存在,共振发生的频率基本出现在波数kL=nπ(n=1,2,…,∞)附近。(2)数值结果表明除了共振现象之外,浮体间的水动力的相互作用也很明显。(3)研究结果也为更进一步研究柔性连接的多浮体结构系统的动力性能、水弹性和结构强度分析提供了基础,特别是给工程中多浮体结构系统的局部结构的安全强度设计提供了一定的依据。
本文应用三维深水时域Green函数,考虑了定常航速影响及加入了水线积分项,对无航速三维时域模拟计算程序进行了扩展,对在波浪中以不同速度移动的WigleyⅠ型船的水动力系数和波浪力进行了数值计算,以及对有航速WigleyⅢ型船的运动响应进行了数值计算,并与试验值及文献计算结果进行了比较。数值计算结果验证了有航速船舶与波浪相互作用的三维时域模拟计算程序的有效性,为工程的实际应用奠定了基础。
With urgent need of oil and gas Resources, the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering has achieved continuous development. More and more new types of ship and ocean structure are developed. The calculation of ship motions and wave loads in the waves is in need more and more.So it is very important to seek a reasonable and practical prediction method of ship motions and wave loads.
At present, frequency domain method is applied to simulate motions of ship and ocean structures in the waves frequently. However, frequency domain theory is only efficient to treat the steady state problem. As for time domain theory, in principle, it can treat the fully non-linear problem and simulate motions of arbitrary bodies. In addition, with the appearance of large-capacity and high-speed computer, it is feasible that time domain theory is applied for numerical simulation of ship motions and wave loads.So it will become the inevitable direction of development of naval architecture and ocean engineering hydrodynamics that 3D time domain method is applied for numerical simulation of wave-body interactions. Conclusively, 3D time domain numerical simulation is very important both in theory and engineering application.
How to evaluate time-domain Green function and its gradients efficiently is the key problem to analyze ship hydrodynamics in time domain. In this paper, based on the Bessel function, an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) was derived for time-domain Green function and its gradients in this paper. A new efficient calculation method based on solving ODE is proposed. It has been demonstrated by the numerical calculation that this method can improve the precision of the time-domain Green function. Numerical research indicates it is efficient to slove the hydrodynamic problems.
In this paper, a 3D time domain program based on time-domain Green function has been developed to simulate the interaction between waves and floating bodies without forward speed. The radiation and the diffraction problems of a Wigley-hull-form ship were discussed, and the hydrodynamic coefficients, wave forces and motion amplitudes were computed to verify the accuracy and reliability of the 3D time domain program. The numerical results agree well with the experimental and reference results.
In this paper, a 3D time domain method is developed to investigate the gap influence on the wave forces for three-dimensional multiple floating structures and obtained some important conclusions as follows: (1) The numerical computations have proved the existence of the sharp peak force response on each floating body at some special resonant wave numbers. The resonant wave numbers are also proved around kL=nπ(n=1, 2,…,∞) with a corresponding frequency shift. (2) Special hydrodynamic resonance due to small gaps between multiple floating structures on wave forces is examined. Strong and complicate hydrodynamic interactions between the floating bodies are observed (3) The strong hydrodynamic interaction feature is practically significant for the design of module structures and the links (connection) in whole the floating body system.
In this paper, a 3D time domain program based on time-domain Green function has been further developed to simulate the interaction between waves and ships with forward speed. Considering the effects of forward speed and waterline integral, the radiation and the diffraction problems of a Wigley-hull-form ship at different forward speed were discussed, and the hydrodynamic coefficients, wave forces and motion amplitudes were computed to verify the accuracy and reliability of the 3D time domain program. The numerical results agree well with the experimental and reference results. It will also lay a foundation for further engineering application.
目前对船舶与海洋结构物在波浪上运动问题研究较多的是频域方法,但频域理论通常只适合于求解稳态问题,对瞬变或者强非线性问题显得无能为力。而时域理论是一种不分离时间项的理论方法,原则上可以处理全非线性和物体任意运动的问题。因此,时域理论的研究对那些频域理论无法解释和无法处理的问题具有重要的作用。另外,随着大容量和高速度计算机的出现,对于时域耐波性理论研究有了数值计算实现的条件。三维时域方法研究船舶与海洋结构物与波浪相互作用问题必将成为船舶与海洋工程水动力学发展的必然方向。因此本文的三维时域数值方法的研究具有重要的理论意义及工程实用价值。
本文首先基于Bessel函数的性质,采用新的方法推导了时域Green函数及其导数所满足的常微分方程式。在探索求解精度和计算效率的矛盾中,提出了结合求解常微分方程的节点制表、节点间插值的快速计算Green函数的方法并据此开发了一套三维深水时域Green函数的数值计算程序。该方法克服了以往制表插值计算方法中存在的大小时间域分界的困难,同时保证了求解效率提高了函数振荡时的精度。数值计算表明,该方法能有效地计算三维深水时域Green函数,适用于三维时域船舶水动力势流问题的求解。
本文应用自主开发的时域Green函数的数值计算程序,采用三维时域数值模拟方法,对在波浪中运动的无航速WigleyⅠ型船的水动力系数和波浪力以及WigleyⅢ型船的运动响应进行了数值计算,并与试验值及文献计算结果进行了比较。计算结果验证了无航速浮体与波浪相互作用的三维时域模拟计算程序的有效性。
本文采用三维时域方法对多浮体系统水动力共振现象进行了研究,通过研究得出了如下的重要结论:(1)数值计算结果证实了每个浮体在共振频率附近峰值效应的存在,共振发生的频率基本出现在波数kL=nπ(n=1,2,…,∞)附近。(2)数值结果表明除了共振现象之外,浮体间的水动力的相互作用也很明显。(3)研究结果也为更进一步研究柔性连接的多浮体结构系统的动力性能、水弹性和结构强度分析提供了基础,特别是给工程中多浮体结构系统的局部结构的安全强度设计提供了一定的依据。
本文应用三维深水时域Green函数,考虑了定常航速影响及加入了水线积分项,对无航速三维时域模拟计算程序进行了扩展,对在波浪中以不同速度移动的WigleyⅠ型船的水动力系数和波浪力进行了数值计算,以及对有航速WigleyⅢ型船的运动响应进行了数值计算,并与试验值及文献计算结果进行了比较。数值计算结果验证了有航速船舶与波浪相互作用的三维时域模拟计算程序的有效性,为工程的实际应用奠定了基础。
With urgent need of oil and gas Resources, the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering has achieved continuous development. More and more new types of ship and ocean structure are developed. The calculation of ship motions and wave loads in the waves is in need more and more.So it is very important to seek a reasonable and practical prediction method of ship motions and wave loads.
At present, frequency domain method is applied to simulate motions of ship and ocean structures in the waves frequently. However, frequency domain theory is only efficient to treat the steady state problem. As for time domain theory, in principle, it can treat the fully non-linear problem and simulate motions of arbitrary bodies. In addition, with the appearance of large-capacity and high-speed computer, it is feasible that time domain theory is applied for numerical simulation of ship motions and wave loads.So it will become the inevitable direction of development of naval architecture and ocean engineering hydrodynamics that 3D time domain method is applied for numerical simulation of wave-body interactions. Conclusively, 3D time domain numerical simulation is very important both in theory and engineering application.
How to evaluate time-domain Green function and its gradients efficiently is the key problem to analyze ship hydrodynamics in time domain. In this paper, based on the Bessel function, an Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) was derived for time-domain Green function and its gradients in this paper. A new efficient calculation method based on solving ODE is proposed. It has been demonstrated by the numerical calculation that this method can improve the precision of the time-domain Green function. Numerical research indicates it is efficient to slove the hydrodynamic problems.
In this paper, a 3D time domain program based on time-domain Green function has been developed to simulate the interaction between waves and floating bodies without forward speed. The radiation and the diffraction problems of a Wigley-hull-form ship were discussed, and the hydrodynamic coefficients, wave forces and motion amplitudes were computed to verify the accuracy and reliability of the 3D time domain program. The numerical results agree well with the experimental and reference results.
In this paper, a 3D time domain method is developed to investigate the gap influence on the wave forces for three-dimensional multiple floating structures and obtained some important conclusions as follows: (1) The numerical computations have proved the existence of the sharp peak force response on each floating body at some special resonant wave numbers. The resonant wave numbers are also proved around kL=nπ(n=1, 2,…,∞) with a corresponding frequency shift. (2) Special hydrodynamic resonance due to small gaps between multiple floating structures on wave forces is examined. Strong and complicate hydrodynamic interactions between the floating bodies are observed (3) The strong hydrodynamic interaction feature is practically significant for the design of module structures and the links (connection) in whole the floating body system.
In this paper, a 3D time domain program based on time-domain Green function has been further developed to simulate the interaction between waves and ships with forward speed. Considering the effects of forward speed and waterline integral, the radiation and the diffraction problems of a Wigley-hull-form ship at different forward speed were discussed, and the hydrodynamic coefficients, wave forces and motion amplitudes were computed to verify the accuracy and reliability of the 3D time domain program. The numerical results agree well with the experimental and reference results. It will also lay a foundation for further engineering application.
引文
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