用户名: 密码: 验证码:
城市污水处理自动控制系统的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
随着污水处理工艺的发展,污水处理自动化的要求也越来越高。从近几年环境治理来看,我国的环保理论、工艺研究和应用与国外差距不大,差距比较大的是环保单元设备和自动控制系统。
     本文通过对城市污水处理的研究,开发了城市污水DCS控制系统。该系统主要由上位计算机、PLC控制系统和现场智能监控仪表等组成,实现污水处理分布控制,集中管理。
     上位计算机主要实现远程监测和管理功能,具体包括:工艺流程动态显示、实时数据获得及显示、历史数据存储与打印、故障报警等功能;PLC控制系统主要完成工艺流程控制以及协调现场各智能仪表之间的逻辑关系,将现场各设备的运行状态通过通讯网络传输到上位计算机,并接收上位计算机的控制指令;现场各智能仪表单元负责各相关参数的监测和处理、控制,并将有关参数送往上位监控计算机进行处理、保存等。
     本论文介绍了城市污水处理工艺、上位监控计算机的综合应用程序开发、城市污水处理自动控制系统PLC控制站的设计和采用工业以太网技术的污水处理通信网络。
     污水处理中溶解氧(DO)浓度是至关重要的参数,因此本论文选用溶解氧浓度作为控制对象,对溶解氧控制作理论上的研究。由于溶解氧浓度控制具有较大惯性、纯滞后、具有一定不确定性的特点,难以建立精确的数学模型,提出了仿人智能预估控制策略,建议对污水处理厂自动控制进一步改进,使之向节能型发展。
     文章最后,利用Matlab中的Simulink工具,对溶解氧仿人智能控制系统进行了仿真实验,仿真结果验证了该控制策略的鲁棒性和有效性,具有推广应用的价值。
With the development of wastewater treatment technics, the demand of automatization level in wastewater treatment is more and more complex. At last years, the theory, technics research and application of environment protect in our country comes up to foreign, but the equipment and automatic control system has considerable gap.
    In this thesis, the distributed control system(DCS) for wastewater treatment was designed with research of municipal wastewater treatment technics. The control system consists of industrial person computer(IPC), PLC control system and local intelligent control instruments, etc The DCS system implements distributed control and centralized supervision in wastewater treatment.
    The industrial computer mainly implements the functions of long-range supervision and management it includes: dynamic show of technics flow, real time data acquirement and show, history data save and print, fault alarm, etc; The PLC control system mainly accomplishes the wastewater technics flow control, harmonizes the logical relationship among local intelligent control instruments and transmits the state of each local equipment to the industrial computer, simultaneously, the PLC control station receives the control commands from the industrial computer; The local intelligent units take charge of the correlated parameters' measure> disposal and control, and it will transmit the related parameters to the computer, etc.
    In this thesis, introduced municipal wastewater treatment technics, the integrated application program development of computer, the design method of PLC control station, the communication between PLC control system and computer, and the network of wastewater treatment with industrial Ethernet was also discussed.
    The dissolved oxygen (DO) is one of the most crucial parameter in municipal wastewater treatment system. DO is choosed as the control object and DO control system from theory research. Because of the complexity, lag, process disturbances, dynamic, nonlinear, difficult to
    
    
    found exact model in the DO biochemistry process, the performance of traditional control strategies is beyond human's satisfaction. Author brings forward control strategy of artificial intelligent with predictive model and proposes to improve on the control system of wastewater treatment
    At last, it simulates the design model with simulink in MATLAB and gives the simulation results and analyses. The experiments are made to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
引文
1.张自杰等编.环境工程手册—水污染防治卷,高等教育出版社,1996;
    2.柯水洲.氧化沟处理污水技术的讨论,化工给排水设计,No.2,1997,12~15;
    3.庞真勇.氧化沟污水处理技术展望,环境科学与技术,Vol.87,No.4,1999.11,40~41:
    4.杨立福等.给水排水自动化技术(SCADA)综述,给水排水,No.26,2000.3,72~78;
    5.欧林林.污水处理中溶解氧模糊控制的研究,合肥工业大学硕士学位论文,2003.3;
    6.张荣标.污水处理中PH值微电脑自动控制,环境工程,No.12,1994.3,51~54;
    7. Gutafsson T K, Waller K V. Nonlinear and adaptive control of PH, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Researeh, No. 31, 1992.12, 2681~2693;
    8. Shukla N V and Dephpande P B. Enhancing the robustness of internal-based nonlinear PH control, Chemical Engineering Science, No. 48, 1993.5, 913~920;
    9.李安峰等.废水处理中PH值的PLC自动控制系统,中国环境科学,No.21,2001.1,89~92;
    10.陈立定.具有预测控制功能地PH值控制系统,自动化仪表,No.22,2001.1,36~37;
    11. IWA Task Group on Mathematical Modeling for Design and Operation of Biological Wastewater Treatment. Activated sludge models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2D and ASM3, 同济大学出版社,2002.3;
    12.彭永臻,高景峰,隋铭浩.活性污泥法动力学模型的研究和发展,给水排水,No.26,2000.8,15;
    13.吴俊奇,汪慧贞.活性污泥法2号模型(ASM2)简介,给水排水,No.6,1998.3;
    14.商敏儿,杜树新,吴铁军.活性污泥法污水处理过程自动控制地研究现状,环境污染治理技术与设备,Vol.3,No.1,2002.1;
    15.李常贤,诸静,徐德.智能控制策略在湿磨干烧水泥生产线DCS中德应用,工业仪表与自动化装置,No.1,2002.1;
    16. W. C. Chiang, W. L. Chiang. Fuzzy logic control of dynamic aerobic activated sludge system,IEEE, 1996;
    17. Mohamed F, Hamoda, Ibrhim, A. AI--Ghusain. Integrated wastewater treatment plant performance evaluation using artificial neural networks, Wat. Res. Tech., No. 40, 1999.7: 55~65;
    
    
    18.娄金生等.水污染治理新工艺与设计,北京:海洋出版社,1999.1;
    19.张统等.污水处理工艺及工程方案设计,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000.5;
    20.张敬东,张家华.污水处理技术的新展望,环境技术,No.6,1997,28~33;
    21.陈莉荣.城市污水单项活性污泥法处理系统模拟设计及预测,西安建筑科技大学硕士学位论文;
    22.邓荣森,刘保疆,王涛,李伟民.一体化氧化沟技术的发展,中国给水排水,Vol.14,No.1,1998:42~44;
    23.柯水洲.氧化沟处理污水技术的讨论,化工给排水设计,No.2,1997:12~15;
    24.张自杰主编.废水处理理论与设计,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002;
    25.张自杰,周帆.活性污泥生物学与反应动力学,北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996;
    26.李树勇,杜恩勋,王洪星.卡鲁塞尔氧化沟在中段废水处理中的应用,应用技术·环保与节能,Vol.21,No.9,2000.9:45~46;
    27.潘伯寿,Mannheim.德国污水处理技术的新进展,中国给水排水,Vol.13,No.5,1997:27~30;
    28. Peng Yongzhen, Huang Jucbang, Masao Kuroda, Zhou Li. Use of ORP for Controlling SBR Aeration Cycle. WEFTEC Asia Singapore'98, 1998,379~386;
    29.孙廷才等.工业控制计算机组成原理,北京:清华大学出版社,2001,101~124;
    30.蔡德聪等.工业控制计算机实时操作系统,北京:清华大学出版社,1996,101~124;
    31.李强利等.枣庄市污水处理厂设备的调试及运行,给水排水,Vol.27,No.2,2001,80~81;
    32.刘星萍.污水处理微机控制系统简介,山东环境,No.4,1998,26;
    33.组态王用户手册.北京:北京亚控科技发展有限公司;
    34.夏辛明.可编程控制器技术及应用,北京:北京理工大学出版社,1999,2~4,5~11,133~140;
    35.张自杰.给排水工程,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000,1,94~99;
    36.熊育悦,赵哲身.工业以太网在控制系统中的应用前景,自动化仪表,Vol.23,No.9,2002.9;~
    37.张公忠.现代网络技术教程,北京:清华大学出版社,2000;
    38. Tsai Y. P. et al. Effluent suspended solid control of activated sludge process by fuzzy control approach, Wat Environ Res, 8, 6, 1996, 1045-1053;
    39. W. C. Chang, C. F. Quyang and W. L. Chiang. Sludge pre-cycle control of dynamic enhanced biological phosphorus removal system: an application of on-line fuzzy controller. Wat. Res., 32, 3, 1998, 727~736;
    
    
    40.张瑞武,单立志,柯细勇,王涛.氧化沟智能模糊控制器的实现,机械工业自动化,Vol.20,No.5,1998.10:28—31;
    41. M.Henze et al.A general model for single-sludge wastewater treatment systems,Wat.Res., 21,1987,505~515;
    42.杜树新.污水生化处理过程建模与控制,控制理论与应用,Vol.19,No.5,Oct.2002,660~666;
    43.张自杰.给排水工程,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000,1,94~99;
    44.候金山.工业废水处理中溶解氧的控制,工业水处理,12,6,1992,36~38;
    45.李探微,王亚宜.SBR法中DO的变化及其作为污水处理控制参数的研究,浙江工业大学学报,29,2001,95~97;
    46.姚加飞,林德全,王晓静.活性污泥系统中曝气机的速度控制,中国给水排水,Vol.16,No.2,2000,53~54;
    47. Gujer W, Henze M, Mino T, et al. Activated sludge model No. 3[J]. Water Science and Technology, 1999, 39 (1): 183~193;
    48.范昕炜,杜树新,吴铁军.几种溶解氧浓度控制方法的比较,中国给水排水,Vol.19,No.9,2003,39~40;
    49. Kalker T. J. J, van Goor C P. Roelveld P. J, et al. Fuzzy control of aeration in an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant: simulation and evaluation [J]. Wat Sci Tech, 1999,39(4): 71~78;
    50.李士勇.模糊控制·神经控制和智能控制论,哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2002.6;
    51. Fu K. S..Learning Control Systems and Intelligent Control Systems: An Intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Automatic Control. IEEE Tranc. on AC, Feb. 1971;
    52. Zhou Q J, Bai J K. A intelligent control of novel design. Proc of Multinational Instrumentation Conference, 1983: 137~150;
    53.王树青等.先进控制技术及应用,北京:化学工业出版社,2001.7;
    54.席爱民.计算机控制系统,西安:陕西科学技术出版社,1994.9;
    55.席爱民.滞后过程的预估模糊逻辑控制系统,西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),Vol.34,No.3,Sep.2002;
    56.彭永臻,王宝贞,王淑莹.活性污泥法的多变量最优控制Ⅰ.基础理论与DO浓度对运行费用的影响,环境科学学报,Vol.18,No.1,Jan.,1998;
    57.金以慧主编,方崇智审校.过程控制,北京:清华大学出版社,2002.9。

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700