2015年云电送粤断面暂态安全分析
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摘要
随着西部大开发战略和南方电网西电东送战略的实施,依托大型流域水电基地的建设,云南的水电资源逐渐得到了充分的开发利用,到2015年,根据南方电网“十二五”发展规划,云南省将建成楚雄至穗东、溪洛渡至清城同和、糯扎渡至江门顺德的三条±800KV特高压直流线路,直流输送容量达到17800MVA,云南电网的发电装机容量将由现在的2221万千瓦增至4172万千瓦,云南外送断面输电线路由现在的“六交一直”,增加到“七交三直”,外送负荷由7800MVA增加至21951MVA；云电送粤在未来几年呈现出快速发展。
云电送粤输电系统是交直流并联的系统,由500kV的交流超高压输电系统和±800kV的直流特高压系统组成,直流系统嵌入原来的交流系统中,形成交直流并联的系统。随着高压直流输电技术在我国的广泛应用,交直流并联系统正成为云电送粤和电网互联的主要方式,云电送粤这样大规模的交直流并联输电系统在我国还是首次出现,其在给我们带来巨大经济效益的同时,也将带来一系列技术和管理上的问题,以及一些潜在的隐患,即电网的运行增加了更多的不可预知性。因此,认真研究多交直流并联输电系统的特性,进行多交直流并联输电系统的仿真,开展多交直流并联输电系统直流与交流相互作用和相互影响的研究,掌握交直流并联系统的运行特性和规律对保证交直流并联系统的安全稳定运行和充分发挥其输电潜力有着重要的意义。
本文以FASTEST为仿真工具,在南方电网2015年丰大方式下,对云电送粤输电系统进行暂态安全分析,计算直流输电系统发生单极闭锁和双极闭锁时的暂态功角稳定裕度、暂态电压安全裕度、暂态频率安全裕度,根据计算结果,分析云电送粤直流输电系统单极闭锁时长期运行的可行性；分析云电送粤直流输电系统双极闭锁时,导致电力系统失稳的临界机群,以及应采取的切机措施；分析直流闭锁对交流通道传输功率的影响。通过极限搜索计算,分别对云电送粤输电系统施加直流闭锁故障和交流三相短路故障,计算电力系统在各种故障下暂态功角稳定极限切除时间CCT、暂态电压稳定极限切除时间CCT、暂态频率稳定极限切除时间CCT,为保护定值的整定提供必要的参考。针对云电送粤交流输电系统三相短路,计算暂态安全裕度,根据计算结果曲线,分析云电送粤交流系统故障时对直流系统输送功率的影响,以及对直流系统换流器换相的影响。
With the western development strategy and the implementation of the strategy that electricity from western to eastern in China Southern Power Grid, relying on construction of large-scale hydropower base, Yunnan's hydropower resources have been fully progressive development and utilization. By 2015, according to China Southern Power Grid "twelveth five-year plan"development planning, three UHVDC±800kV lines will be building, which are separately from Chuxiong in Yunnan Province to Guangzhou Huidong; from Xiluodu to Qingcheng Tonghe; from Nuozhadu to Jiangmen Shunde. DC transmission capacity will meet 17800MVA.Yunnan Power Grid's generation capacity will increase from the current 2221 million kilowatts to 41.72 million kilowatts, and Yunnan routing outgoing transmission line section is now "four AC and one DC" to "seven AC and three DC".Outgoing load will increase from 21951MVA to 7800MVA. The bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province will have a rapid development in the next few years.
The bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province system is AC/DC parallel system, which is constituted with the 500kV EHV transmission system and the DC±800kV UHV system. DC system will be integrated into the original AC system, so it forms of AC/DC parallel systems. With HVDC technology widely used in China, the AC/DC parallel system will become the main form of the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province and network interconnection, the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province as a large scale AC/DC parallel transmission system is the first time appearance in our country, and it will bring enormous economic benefits to us, at the same time it will bring a series of technical and management problems, as well as some potential problems, that is more unpredictability increase in the operation of power grids. Therefore, in order to ensuring safe and stable operation of the system and giving full play to their potential for transmission, it has important significance to careful study of the Multi Infeed AC/DC parallel transmission system characteristics, to multiple AC/DC parallel transmission system simulation, to research the exchange interaction and mutual influence of AC/DC parallel transmission system, and to master the characteristics and law of AC/DC parallel systems.
In this paper, the FASTEST as a simulation tool to analyze transient safety of the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province system under great abundance power resource for the China Southern Power Grid in 2015. And it calculated the transient power angle stability margin, the transient voltage security margin, and the transient frequency safety margin, when the HVDC system had occurred single pole block and double pole block. According to results, the paper analyzed the feasibility of long-term operation, when a single pole block had happened in the HVDC bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province. It also analyzed the leading to instability of the critical power systems group, as well as the cutting machine to be taken measures when the double pole block take place in the HVDC bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province. And it analyzed the impact of DC closed on the transmission power of AC channels. Through the limits search calculation, the DC bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province was separately exerted the DC and AC three-phase short circuit fault. when the power system was under various fault, the power angle transient stability limit clearing time CCT, transient voltage stability limit clearing time CCT, transient removal of time limits the frequency stability of CCT were calculated for the protection of the setting value to provide the necessary reference. For three-phase short circuit of AC transmission system in the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province, the transient safety margin was calculated. According to calculations curve, the paper analyzed the impact on the DC power transmission system, as well as on the DC system for phase converter, when the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province had occurred failure.
云电送粤输电系统是交直流并联的系统,由500kV的交流超高压输电系统和±800kV的直流特高压系统组成,直流系统嵌入原来的交流系统中,形成交直流并联的系统。随着高压直流输电技术在我国的广泛应用,交直流并联系统正成为云电送粤和电网互联的主要方式,云电送粤这样大规模的交直流并联输电系统在我国还是首次出现,其在给我们带来巨大经济效益的同时,也将带来一系列技术和管理上的问题,以及一些潜在的隐患,即电网的运行增加了更多的不可预知性。因此,认真研究多交直流并联输电系统的特性,进行多交直流并联输电系统的仿真,开展多交直流并联输电系统直流与交流相互作用和相互影响的研究,掌握交直流并联系统的运行特性和规律对保证交直流并联系统的安全稳定运行和充分发挥其输电潜力有着重要的意义。
本文以FASTEST为仿真工具,在南方电网2015年丰大方式下,对云电送粤输电系统进行暂态安全分析,计算直流输电系统发生单极闭锁和双极闭锁时的暂态功角稳定裕度、暂态电压安全裕度、暂态频率安全裕度,根据计算结果,分析云电送粤直流输电系统单极闭锁时长期运行的可行性；分析云电送粤直流输电系统双极闭锁时,导致电力系统失稳的临界机群,以及应采取的切机措施；分析直流闭锁对交流通道传输功率的影响。通过极限搜索计算,分别对云电送粤输电系统施加直流闭锁故障和交流三相短路故障,计算电力系统在各种故障下暂态功角稳定极限切除时间CCT、暂态电压稳定极限切除时间CCT、暂态频率稳定极限切除时间CCT,为保护定值的整定提供必要的参考。针对云电送粤交流输电系统三相短路,计算暂态安全裕度,根据计算结果曲线,分析云电送粤交流系统故障时对直流系统输送功率的影响,以及对直流系统换流器换相的影响。
With the western development strategy and the implementation of the strategy that electricity from western to eastern in China Southern Power Grid, relying on construction of large-scale hydropower base, Yunnan's hydropower resources have been fully progressive development and utilization. By 2015, according to China Southern Power Grid "twelveth five-year plan"development planning, three UHVDC±800kV lines will be building, which are separately from Chuxiong in Yunnan Province to Guangzhou Huidong; from Xiluodu to Qingcheng Tonghe; from Nuozhadu to Jiangmen Shunde. DC transmission capacity will meet 17800MVA.Yunnan Power Grid's generation capacity will increase from the current 2221 million kilowatts to 41.72 million kilowatts, and Yunnan routing outgoing transmission line section is now "four AC and one DC" to "seven AC and three DC".Outgoing load will increase from 21951MVA to 7800MVA. The bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province will have a rapid development in the next few years.
The bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province system is AC/DC parallel system, which is constituted with the 500kV EHV transmission system and the DC±800kV UHV system. DC system will be integrated into the original AC system, so it forms of AC/DC parallel systems. With HVDC technology widely used in China, the AC/DC parallel system will become the main form of the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province and network interconnection, the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province as a large scale AC/DC parallel transmission system is the first time appearance in our country, and it will bring enormous economic benefits to us, at the same time it will bring a series of technical and management problems, as well as some potential problems, that is more unpredictability increase in the operation of power grids. Therefore, in order to ensuring safe and stable operation of the system and giving full play to their potential for transmission, it has important significance to careful study of the Multi Infeed AC/DC parallel transmission system characteristics, to multiple AC/DC parallel transmission system simulation, to research the exchange interaction and mutual influence of AC/DC parallel transmission system, and to master the characteristics and law of AC/DC parallel systems.
In this paper, the FASTEST as a simulation tool to analyze transient safety of the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province system under great abundance power resource for the China Southern Power Grid in 2015. And it calculated the transient power angle stability margin, the transient voltage security margin, and the transient frequency safety margin, when the HVDC system had occurred single pole block and double pole block. According to results, the paper analyzed the feasibility of long-term operation, when a single pole block had happened in the HVDC bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province. It also analyzed the leading to instability of the critical power systems group, as well as the cutting machine to be taken measures when the double pole block take place in the HVDC bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province. And it analyzed the impact of DC closed on the transmission power of AC channels. Through the limits search calculation, the DC bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province was separately exerted the DC and AC three-phase short circuit fault. when the power system was under various fault, the power angle transient stability limit clearing time CCT, transient voltage stability limit clearing time CCT, transient removal of time limits the frequency stability of CCT were calculated for the protection of the setting value to provide the necessary reference. For three-phase short circuit of AC transmission system in the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province, the transient safety margin was calculated. According to calculations curve, the paper analyzed the impact on the DC power transmission system, as well as on the DC system for phase converter, when the bulk power transmission from Yunnan province to Guangdong province had occurred failure.
引文
[1]徐政.交直流电力系统动态特性分析.北京：机械工业出版社,2004
[2]王梅义,吴竞昌.大电网系统技术.北京：中国电力出版社,1995
[3]刘振亚.特高压电网.北京：中国经济出版社,2005
[4]李兴源.高压直流输电运行与控制,北京：科学出版社,1998
[5]浙江大学教研组直流输电科研组.直流输电,北京：电力工业出版社,1984
[6]E. Uhlmann. Stabilizations of an AC link by a parallel DC link, Direct Current, August 1964,89-94
[7]W. A. Patterson, External control system on Eel River HVDC scheme, Canadian Conf. On Automatic Controls, Univ. of New Brunswick,1973,9
[8]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析,北京：科学出版社,2003
[9]Franken B.Analysis of HVDC converter connected to weak Ac system, IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1990,5(1):235-242
[10]徐政.联于弱交流系统的直流输电特性研究：控制方式与电压稳定性,电网技术,1997,21(3)：1-4
[11]Hammad A E, Kuhn W. A computation A lgorithm For assessing voltage Stability at AC/DC interconnection, IEEE Transaction on Power systems, 1986, PWRS-I(1):209-216
[12]Canizares C A, A lvarado F L. Point of Collapse and Continuation Methods for Large AC/DC system, IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1993, 8(1):1-7
[13]Canizares C A, A lvarado F L. Point of Collapse Method applied to AC/DC power systems, IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1992,7(2):673-683
[14]刘明波,程劲辉.交直流并联电力系统动态电压稳定性分析,电力系统自动化,1999,23(16)：27-30
[15]R. L. Lee, D. Zollman, Enhancement of AC/DC systems performance by modulation of a proposed Multiterminal DC system in the Southwestern U. S., IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1998,3(1):307-316
[16]A. E. Hammad, Stability and Controls of HVDC and AC Transmission in Parallel, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1999,14(4):1545-1554
[17]PRABHA KUNDUR[加拿大],电力系统稳定与控制中国电力出版社,1987
[18]Kundur P. Power Systems Stability and Controls, McGraw-Hill Ine.1993
[19]Kimibark W E. Direct Current transmissions. Wiley Interscience, a division of John Wiley & Sons Inc.1991
[20]Kristmundsson G M, Carroll D P. The Effect of AC Systems Frequency Spectrum on Commutations Failure in HVDC Inverter. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1990,5(2):pp.1121-1128
[21]Thio C V, Davies J B, Kent K L. Commutation Failure in HVDC Transmission Systems. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1996,11(2):pp.946-957
[22]Working Group on Dynamic Performance and Modeling of DC Systems and Power Electronic for Transmission System. Report on Test Systems for AC/DC Interactions Studies. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1995,10(4):2012-2033
[23]袁季修.电力系统稳定与控制.北京：中国电力出版社,1996
[24]浙江大学教研组直流科研组.直流输电[M].北京：水利水电出版社,1982.
[25]E. Uhlmann. Stabilization of an AC link by a parallel DC link, Direct Current, August 1964,89-94
[26]赵畹君.直流输电工程技术.北京：中国电力出版社
[27]徐政,蔡晔,刘国平.大规模交直流电力系统仿真计算的相关问题,电力系统自动化,2002,26(15)：4-8
[28]周孝信.交直流电力系统的分析与控制.北京：中国电力出版社
[29]松浦虔士.电力传输工程[M].北京：科学出版社,OHM社,2001.
[30]徐政,蔡晔,刘国平.大规模交直流电力系统仿真计算的相关问题,电力系统自动化,2002,26(15)：4-8
[31]倪以信,陈寿孙.动态电力系统的理论和分析[M].北京：清华大学 出版社,2002.
[32]浙江大学马大强.电力系统机电暂态过程[M].北京：水利电力出版社,1988.
[33]西安交通大学李光琦.电力系统暂态分析第二版[M].北京：水利电力出版社,1993
[34]Carson W.Taylor.电力系统电压稳定.北京：中国电力出版社
[35]成连生.湖南电网的电压稳定分析与对策,湖南电力,2004,4(24)：1-5
[36]邵伟,徐政.励磁系统参数整定分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(10)：12-17
[37]周长春,徐政.联于弱交流系统的HVDC故障恢复特性分析,电网技术,2003,27(11)：18-21
[38]刘振亚.特高压电网。北京：中国经济出版社.2005
[39]南京自动化研究院.FASTEST稳定程序手册.南京：2007
[40]中国电力科学研究院.BPA稳定程序手册.北京：2002
[2]王梅义,吴竞昌.大电网系统技术.北京：中国电力出版社,1995
[3]刘振亚.特高压电网.北京：中国经济出版社,2005
[4]李兴源.高压直流输电运行与控制,北京：科学出版社,1998
[5]浙江大学教研组直流输电科研组.直流输电,北京：电力工业出版社,1984
[6]E. Uhlmann. Stabilizations of an AC link by a parallel DC link, Direct Current, August 1964,89-94
[7]W. A. Patterson, External control system on Eel River HVDC scheme, Canadian Conf. On Automatic Controls, Univ. of New Brunswick,1973,9
[8]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析,北京：科学出版社,2003
[9]Franken B.Analysis of HVDC converter connected to weak Ac system, IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1990,5(1):235-242
[10]徐政.联于弱交流系统的直流输电特性研究：控制方式与电压稳定性,电网技术,1997,21(3)：1-4
[11]Hammad A E, Kuhn W. A computation A lgorithm For assessing voltage Stability at AC/DC interconnection, IEEE Transaction on Power systems, 1986, PWRS-I(1):209-216
[12]Canizares C A, A lvarado F L. Point of Collapse and Continuation Methods for Large AC/DC system, IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1993, 8(1):1-7
[13]Canizares C A, A lvarado F L. Point of Collapse Method applied to AC/DC power systems, IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,1992,7(2):673-683
[14]刘明波,程劲辉.交直流并联电力系统动态电压稳定性分析,电力系统自动化,1999,23(16)：27-30
[15]R. L. Lee, D. Zollman, Enhancement of AC/DC systems performance by modulation of a proposed Multiterminal DC system in the Southwestern U. S., IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1998,3(1):307-316
[16]A. E. Hammad, Stability and Controls of HVDC and AC Transmission in Parallel, IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1999,14(4):1545-1554
[17]PRABHA KUNDUR[加拿大],电力系统稳定与控制中国电力出版社,1987
[18]Kundur P. Power Systems Stability and Controls, McGraw-Hill Ine.1993
[19]Kimibark W E. Direct Current transmissions. Wiley Interscience, a division of John Wiley & Sons Inc.1991
[20]Kristmundsson G M, Carroll D P. The Effect of AC Systems Frequency Spectrum on Commutations Failure in HVDC Inverter. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1990,5(2):pp.1121-1128
[21]Thio C V, Davies J B, Kent K L. Commutation Failure in HVDC Transmission Systems. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery,1996,11(2):pp.946-957
[22]Working Group on Dynamic Performance and Modeling of DC Systems and Power Electronic for Transmission System. Report on Test Systems for AC/DC Interactions Studies. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1995,10(4):2012-2033
[23]袁季修.电力系统稳定与控制.北京：中国电力出版社,1996
[24]浙江大学教研组直流科研组.直流输电[M].北京：水利水电出版社,1982.
[25]E. Uhlmann. Stabilization of an AC link by a parallel DC link, Direct Current, August 1964,89-94
[26]赵畹君.直流输电工程技术.北京：中国电力出版社
[27]徐政,蔡晔,刘国平.大规模交直流电力系统仿真计算的相关问题,电力系统自动化,2002,26(15)：4-8
[28]周孝信.交直流电力系统的分析与控制.北京：中国电力出版社
[29]松浦虔士.电力传输工程[M].北京：科学出版社,OHM社,2001.
[30]徐政,蔡晔,刘国平.大规模交直流电力系统仿真计算的相关问题,电力系统自动化,2002,26(15)：4-8
[31]倪以信,陈寿孙.动态电力系统的理论和分析[M].北京：清华大学 出版社,2002.
[32]浙江大学马大强.电力系统机电暂态过程[M].北京：水利电力出版社,1988.
[33]西安交通大学李光琦.电力系统暂态分析第二版[M].北京：水利电力出版社,1993
[34]Carson W.Taylor.电力系统电压稳定.北京：中国电力出版社
[35]成连生.湖南电网的电压稳定分析与对策,湖南电力,2004,4(24)：1-5
[36]邵伟,徐政.励磁系统参数整定分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(10)：12-17
[37]周长春,徐政.联于弱交流系统的HVDC故障恢复特性分析,电网技术,2003,27(11)：18-21
[38]刘振亚.特高压电网。北京：中国经济出版社.2005
[39]南京自动化研究院.FASTEST稳定程序手册.南京：2007
[40]中国电力科学研究院.BPA稳定程序手册.北京：2002