御河灌区渠道入渗能力试验研究
|
摘要
本课题基于灌区三种质地,四种渠道类型的冻结,非冻结渠道土壤入渗试验,系统的研究了渠道土壤的入渗特性,阻渗机理和影响渠道土壤入渗特性的主要因素；建立了以灌溉期间土壤物理参数预测土壤入渗能力和入渗模型参数的模型,提出了预测渠道土壤入渗过程的方法；分析研究了渠道输水损失的特性。建立了渠道输水损失的计算公式,为预测渠道输水损失提供了新的方法。
表明了渠道土壤入渗能力与土壤水分入渗模型参数在冻结期,非冻结期有很大变化,但也有一定的变化规律。在冻结期,随着水压的增大入渗能力变化不是很大,但在非冻结期随着压力的增大土壤的入渗能力变化很大。
影响渠道土壤入渗特性的因素有：土壤结构、土壤含水量、土壤质地、渠道水深、地温。渠道水深是导致土壤入渗的决定因素。土壤入渗能力随地温的升高逐渐增大,对入渗也有较大的影响。
In this paper, based on the field infiltration tests into frozen and unfrozen soils with three species of soil texture and four kinds of channel type. The basin infiltration characteristics, reduction infiltration mechanism and major factors influencing channel soils are put forward. the characteristics of channel conveyance loss are analyzed and studied, calculation formula of channel conveyance loss is set up, for the reasonable predict the channel conveyance loss to provide the theories method.
Channel soil water infiltration capacities and parameters of soil water infiltration model make severe change in frozen and unfrozen. But have definite change law as well. Infiltration capacities have little difference, along with the augmentation of the water pressure during frozen, but infiltration capacities have much difference along with the augmentation of the water pressure in unfrozen.
Soil structure, soil moisture, soil texture, channel depth of water and ground temperature are the major factors which influence the infiltration capacities of channel soil. Channel depth of water is the deterministic factor which result in soil infiltration, along with ground temperature, which have bigger influence for infiltration.
表明了渠道土壤入渗能力与土壤水分入渗模型参数在冻结期,非冻结期有很大变化,但也有一定的变化规律。在冻结期,随着水压的增大入渗能力变化不是很大,但在非冻结期随着压力的增大土壤的入渗能力变化很大。
影响渠道土壤入渗特性的因素有：土壤结构、土壤含水量、土壤质地、渠道水深、地温。渠道水深是导致土壤入渗的决定因素。土壤入渗能力随地温的升高逐渐增大,对入渗也有较大的影响。
In this paper, based on the field infiltration tests into frozen and unfrozen soils with three species of soil texture and four kinds of channel type. The basin infiltration characteristics, reduction infiltration mechanism and major factors influencing channel soils are put forward. the characteristics of channel conveyance loss are analyzed and studied, calculation formula of channel conveyance loss is set up, for the reasonable predict the channel conveyance loss to provide the theories method.
Channel soil water infiltration capacities and parameters of soil water infiltration model make severe change in frozen and unfrozen. But have definite change law as well. Infiltration capacities have little difference, along with the augmentation of the water pressure during frozen, but infiltration capacities have much difference along with the augmentation of the water pressure in unfrozen.
Soil structure, soil moisture, soil texture, channel depth of water and ground temperature are the major factors which influence the infiltration capacities of channel soil. Channel depth of water is the deterministic factor which result in soil infiltration, along with ground temperature, which have bigger influence for infiltration.
引文
[1]郭元裕等.农田水利学.第三版.水利水电出版社
[2]钱正英,张光斗.《中国可持续发展水资源战略研究综合报告及专题报告》.中国水利水电出版社：2001.2
[3]费良军,王文焰.有波涌畦灌灌水资料推求土壤入渗参数和减渗率系数.水利学报,1999,第8期：26-29
[4]缴锡云,王文焰,张江辉,丁新利.推求土壤入渗参数的改进Esfandiari法.西安理工大学学报,2000,16(2)：165-169
[5]冯锦萍.《用常规土壤参数确定入渗参数的方法研究》
[6]谢文艳.《土壤质地对土壤入渗能力的影响的研究》
[7]刘建立,徐绍辉.相似介质方法在估计土壤水分特征曲线中的应用.水利学报,2003,第4期：80-84
[8]朱安宁,张佳宝,陈效民,陈德立.封丘地区土壤传递函数的研究.土壤学报2003,40(1)：54-59
[9]陈洪松,邵明安.求非饱和土壤水分运动参数的间接方法.应用基础与工程科学学报,2002,10(2)：103-109
[10]黄元仿,李韵株.土壤水利性质的估算——土壤转换函数.土壤学报,2002,39(4)：517-523
[11]樊贵盛.《冻融土壤水分入渗规律与冬灌灌水过程研究》：中国农业大学博士论文.2001.12
[12]罗玉峰,崔远来,郑祖金.河渠渗漏量计算方法研究进展[J].水科学进展,2005,16(3)：444-449
[13]王少丽, Thielen R,李祥福等.渠道渗漏量的试验及分析方法[J].灌溉排水,1998,17(2)：39-42
[14]Alam M M, Bhutta MN.Comparative evaluation of canal seepage investigation techniques [J] Agricultural Water Management,2004,66 (1):65-76
[15]陈意平,曲谦隆,杨建林等.山西庞庄灌区渠系渗漏测试及渗漏规律分析[J].防渗技术,1994(1、2)
[16]Rantz S. E. Measurement and computation of stream flow, Measurement of stage and discharge [C] Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2175,1982,1:280-284
[17]赵东辉.静水法渠道渗漏测试分析[J].防渗技术,1997,3(2)
[18]李红星,樊贵盛.影响非饱和土渠床入渗能力主导因素的试验研究[J].水利学报,2009,40(5)：630-634
[19]Moghazi H E M. A study of losses from field channels under arid region conditions [J]. Irrigation Science,1997 (17):105-110
[20]田士豪,李林荣,方彦军等.静水法渠道测渗计算[J].农田水利与小水电,1995(8)：14-17
[21]娄宗科,张慧莉,任之忠等.田间灌溉渠道防渗效果试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(2)：23-25
[22]王少丽,瞿兴业.防渗渠道顶托渗漏量计算方法的理论探讨[J].水利学报,2008,39(4)：476-489
[23]康绍忠,粟晓玲,沈清林等.石羊河流域水资源利用与节水农业发展模式的战略思考[J].水资源与水工程学报,2004,15(4)：1-8
[24]王少丽,瞿兴业.防渗渠道顶托渗漏量计算方法的理论探讨[J].水利学报,2008年04期
[25]娄宗科,张慧莉,李宗利,任之忠.田间灌溉渠道防渗效果试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2002年02期
[26]康绍忠,粟晓玲,沈清林,石培泽,杨秀英.石羊河流域水资源利用与节水农业发展模式的战略思考[J].水资源与水工程学报,2004年04期
[27]田士豪,李林荣,方彦军,艾树衡.静水法渠道测渗计算[J].农田水利与小水电,1995年08期
[28]邵明安,王全九,黄明斌.土壤物理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006
[29]Horton R E. An approach toward a physical interpretation of infiltration capacity [J] Soil. Sci. Soc. Am
[30]崔远来,谭芳,王建漳.不同尺度首尾法及动水法测算灌溉水利用系数对比研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2010年01期
[32]Bravdo B,SalomonE,Erner Yetal,Effect of drip and microsprinkler fertigation on citrus yield and quality[J].Proc Inter SocCiri,1922,646-648
[33]Hagin J,Lowengart A.Fertigation for minimizing environmental pollution by fertilizers[J].Ftilizer Research,1966 (43):5-7
[34]Leslerr.Brown and Brian Haleil.China's waste shortage could shake world food security [J]. WORLD WATCH:Jnly.1998,21-23
[35]Goncalves J M, Pereira L S, Fang S X, et al.Modelling and multicritera analysis of water saving scenarios for an irrigation district in the upper Yellow River Basin [J].Agricultural Water Management,2007,94(1-3):93-108
[36]Shi Jiong-lin, et al. Preserving Winter Soil Moisture using the Straw Mulch Technique in Hexi Corridor in Northwest of China. Proc. of 28th International Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.2003,351-356
[37]蒋向东.渠道水利用系数计算公式的探讨[J].中国农村水利水电,1984年04期
[38]江崇安,高华,范守伟,邵英超.对渠道渗漏量计算方法的探讨[J].节水灌溉, 2005年05期
[39]吕建远,刘伟生,郎书尧,江崇安.对渠道渗漏量计算方法的探讨[J].山东水利,2005年12期
[40]宋光裕.开展土壤含水率观测.建立新型降雨径流关系[J].河北水利,1994年06期
[41]王延清,于峙帅,何阵营.浅析灌区渠道渗漏对生态环境的影响[J].河南水利与南水北调,2007年06期
[42]李长兴.陕北黄土单点降雨入渗特性的实验研究[J].水文,1986年04期
[43]渠道渗漏测试若干技术问题《渠道防渗工程技术规范》[J].中国农村水利水电,1991年01期
[44]Hewit.R.D.and Daniel.D.E.Hydranlic conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners after Freeze-Thaw[J].Geotechnical and Geoenvironental Engineering.ASCE,1997,127 (4): 305-313
[2]钱正英,张光斗.《中国可持续发展水资源战略研究综合报告及专题报告》.中国水利水电出版社：2001.2
[3]费良军,王文焰.有波涌畦灌灌水资料推求土壤入渗参数和减渗率系数.水利学报,1999,第8期：26-29
[4]缴锡云,王文焰,张江辉,丁新利.推求土壤入渗参数的改进Esfandiari法.西安理工大学学报,2000,16(2)：165-169
[5]冯锦萍.《用常规土壤参数确定入渗参数的方法研究》
[6]谢文艳.《土壤质地对土壤入渗能力的影响的研究》
[7]刘建立,徐绍辉.相似介质方法在估计土壤水分特征曲线中的应用.水利学报,2003,第4期：80-84
[8]朱安宁,张佳宝,陈效民,陈德立.封丘地区土壤传递函数的研究.土壤学报2003,40(1)：54-59
[9]陈洪松,邵明安.求非饱和土壤水分运动参数的间接方法.应用基础与工程科学学报,2002,10(2)：103-109
[10]黄元仿,李韵株.土壤水利性质的估算——土壤转换函数.土壤学报,2002,39(4)：517-523
[11]樊贵盛.《冻融土壤水分入渗规律与冬灌灌水过程研究》：中国农业大学博士论文.2001.12
[12]罗玉峰,崔远来,郑祖金.河渠渗漏量计算方法研究进展[J].水科学进展,2005,16(3)：444-449
[13]王少丽, Thielen R,李祥福等.渠道渗漏量的试验及分析方法[J].灌溉排水,1998,17(2)：39-42
[14]Alam M M, Bhutta MN.Comparative evaluation of canal seepage investigation techniques [J] Agricultural Water Management,2004,66 (1):65-76
[15]陈意平,曲谦隆,杨建林等.山西庞庄灌区渠系渗漏测试及渗漏规律分析[J].防渗技术,1994(1、2)
[16]Rantz S. E. Measurement and computation of stream flow, Measurement of stage and discharge [C] Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2175,1982,1:280-284
[17]赵东辉.静水法渠道渗漏测试分析[J].防渗技术,1997,3(2)
[18]李红星,樊贵盛.影响非饱和土渠床入渗能力主导因素的试验研究[J].水利学报,2009,40(5)：630-634
[19]Moghazi H E M. A study of losses from field channels under arid region conditions [J]. Irrigation Science,1997 (17):105-110
[20]田士豪,李林荣,方彦军等.静水法渠道测渗计算[J].农田水利与小水电,1995(8)：14-17
[21]娄宗科,张慧莉,任之忠等.田间灌溉渠道防渗效果试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(2)：23-25
[22]王少丽,瞿兴业.防渗渠道顶托渗漏量计算方法的理论探讨[J].水利学报,2008,39(4)：476-489
[23]康绍忠,粟晓玲,沈清林等.石羊河流域水资源利用与节水农业发展模式的战略思考[J].水资源与水工程学报,2004,15(4)：1-8
[24]王少丽,瞿兴业.防渗渠道顶托渗漏量计算方法的理论探讨[J].水利学报,2008年04期
[25]娄宗科,张慧莉,李宗利,任之忠.田间灌溉渠道防渗效果试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2002年02期
[26]康绍忠,粟晓玲,沈清林,石培泽,杨秀英.石羊河流域水资源利用与节水农业发展模式的战略思考[J].水资源与水工程学报,2004年04期
[27]田士豪,李林荣,方彦军,艾树衡.静水法渠道测渗计算[J].农田水利与小水电,1995年08期
[28]邵明安,王全九,黄明斌.土壤物理学[M].北京：高等教育出版社,2006
[29]Horton R E. An approach toward a physical interpretation of infiltration capacity [J] Soil. Sci. Soc. Am
[30]崔远来,谭芳,王建漳.不同尺度首尾法及动水法测算灌溉水利用系数对比研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2010年01期
[32]Bravdo B,SalomonE,Erner Yetal,Effect of drip and microsprinkler fertigation on citrus yield and quality[J].Proc Inter SocCiri,1922,646-648
[33]Hagin J,Lowengart A.Fertigation for minimizing environmental pollution by fertilizers[J].Ftilizer Research,1966 (43):5-7
[34]Leslerr.Brown and Brian Haleil.China's waste shortage could shake world food security [J]. WORLD WATCH:Jnly.1998,21-23
[35]Goncalves J M, Pereira L S, Fang S X, et al.Modelling and multicritera analysis of water saving scenarios for an irrigation district in the upper Yellow River Basin [J].Agricultural Water Management,2007,94(1-3):93-108
[36]Shi Jiong-lin, et al. Preserving Winter Soil Moisture using the Straw Mulch Technique in Hexi Corridor in Northwest of China. Proc. of 28th International Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.2003,351-356
[37]蒋向东.渠道水利用系数计算公式的探讨[J].中国农村水利水电,1984年04期
[38]江崇安,高华,范守伟,邵英超.对渠道渗漏量计算方法的探讨[J].节水灌溉, 2005年05期
[39]吕建远,刘伟生,郎书尧,江崇安.对渠道渗漏量计算方法的探讨[J].山东水利,2005年12期
[40]宋光裕.开展土壤含水率观测.建立新型降雨径流关系[J].河北水利,1994年06期
[41]王延清,于峙帅,何阵营.浅析灌区渠道渗漏对生态环境的影响[J].河南水利与南水北调,2007年06期
[42]李长兴.陕北黄土单点降雨入渗特性的实验研究[J].水文,1986年04期
[43]渠道渗漏测试若干技术问题《渠道防渗工程技术规范》[J].中国农村水利水电,1991年01期
[44]Hewit.R.D.and Daniel.D.E.Hydranlic conductivity of Geosynthetic Clay Liners after Freeze-Thaw[J].Geotechnical and Geoenvironental Engineering.ASCE,1997,127 (4): 305-313