便携式瞬变电磁接收机的研制
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摘要
瞬变电磁法(Transient Electromagnetic Method简称TEM),是探测地下介质电性参数等信息的重要方法之一,目前已经在矿藏勘探、钻井、航空和海洋等领域得到了广泛的应用。
论文的第1章,讲述了瞬变电磁法的基本原理和瞬变电磁接收机的研究历史、现状及本人的研究思路。从目前国内外的发展趋势来看,瞬变电磁法仪器正朝着高集成、大功率、低功耗、高精度、数据处理与成图自动化和资料解释智能化的方向发展。正是在这样的氛围中,有色金属矿产地质调查中心本着开发相应新仪器来进行工作的目的,与我单位进行合作,研发便携式瞬变电磁接收机。2009年,由中国地质大学(北京)负责研制的便携式瞬变电磁接收机,现在已经完成了研发和测试。此系统,带宽可达200kHz,动态范围可以达到110dB以上。
论文的第2章和第3章,分别讲述了接收机的硬件和软件设计过程。针对瞬变电磁信号具有早期衰减快、幅度大,中、晚期信号衰减慢、幅度小的特点。提出了基于ARM9控制的便携式瞬变电磁接收机的设计方案。为可靠的进行数据采集,设计了以Linux与ARM9相结合的电路,并开发了Linux2.6内核下的设备驱动程序。为了扩大接收机的频率范围、提高仪器的精度,使用了高精度ADC-ADS1274,利用ARM9作为主控单元,开发了ADS1274的驱动和应用程序以及上位机程序进行数据处理。
论文的第4章是实验验证部分,分为室内模型实验和野外实验验证。为检测接收机性能,对其噪声水平及瞬变电磁信号的采集能力进行测试,并对结果进行了详细的分析。经过设计、调试和系统测试,接收机达到了预期的设计目标,并在野外实际测试中,取得了较为满意的应用效果。
论文的第5章是结论部分,对全文进行了总结,并提出了几点建议,希望对以后有相关研究的同行有一点启示。
Transient Electromagnetic methods (TEM) can be called as Time Domain Electromagnetic methods, is the detection of subsurface electrical parameters of such an important method of information, now in mineral exploration, drilling, aviation and marine areas have been widely applied.
Chapter 1 of the paper describes the basic principles of TEM and TEM receiver in history, current situation and my research ideas. From the current development trend of domestic and foreign, transient electromagnetic apparatus is moving in high integration, high-power, low power, high accuracy, data processing and mapping automation and data interpretation intelligent direction. It is in this atmosphere, Geology and Prospecting Center with the development of new instruments relevant to the purpose of work, to cooperate with my unit, research and development of portable electromagnetic receiver. 2009, by the China University of Geosciences (Beijing) responsible for the development of portable electromagnetic receiver, has now completed the development and testing. This system, band up to 200kHz more than 110dB dynamic range can be achieved.
Chapter 2 and chapter 3 of the paper are about the receiver hardware and software design process. As to transient electromagnetic signal with characters of a large amplitude at early stage high-speed decaying and a small amplitude at midterm or later period slow-speed decaying, we present one design based on transient electro-magnetic receiver based on ARM9 unit. To acquire ultra and high dynamic range signal intelligently, designed data acquire broad based on Linux and ARM9, developed the Linux drivers for data acquire broad under Linux 2.4 kernel. And in order to expand the frequency range of detector and increase the accuracy, we use high accuracy ADC-ADS1274.With the ARM9 MCU, we develop the driver and application program of ADS1274 and PC program for data processing.
Chapter 4 of the paper is the experiment part, is divided into indoor model experiment and the field experiment. The testing of receptivity is kept through the testing of noise level and receptivity of transient lector-magnetic signal, and the experimental results were analyzed in detail. After the design, debugging and system testing, the design of the receiver to achieve the desired goals and actual testing in the field, made the application effect is satisfactory. The results indicate that the equipment has the good stability and the usability.
Chapter 5 of the paper is the conclusion, a summary of the text and made several suggestions, in the hope of the future relevant peer a little inspiration.
论文的第1章,讲述了瞬变电磁法的基本原理和瞬变电磁接收机的研究历史、现状及本人的研究思路。从目前国内外的发展趋势来看,瞬变电磁法仪器正朝着高集成、大功率、低功耗、高精度、数据处理与成图自动化和资料解释智能化的方向发展。正是在这样的氛围中,有色金属矿产地质调查中心本着开发相应新仪器来进行工作的目的,与我单位进行合作,研发便携式瞬变电磁接收机。2009年,由中国地质大学(北京)负责研制的便携式瞬变电磁接收机,现在已经完成了研发和测试。此系统,带宽可达200kHz,动态范围可以达到110dB以上。
论文的第2章和第3章,分别讲述了接收机的硬件和软件设计过程。针对瞬变电磁信号具有早期衰减快、幅度大,中、晚期信号衰减慢、幅度小的特点。提出了基于ARM9控制的便携式瞬变电磁接收机的设计方案。为可靠的进行数据采集,设计了以Linux与ARM9相结合的电路,并开发了Linux2.6内核下的设备驱动程序。为了扩大接收机的频率范围、提高仪器的精度,使用了高精度ADC-ADS1274,利用ARM9作为主控单元,开发了ADS1274的驱动和应用程序以及上位机程序进行数据处理。
论文的第4章是实验验证部分,分为室内模型实验和野外实验验证。为检测接收机性能,对其噪声水平及瞬变电磁信号的采集能力进行测试,并对结果进行了详细的分析。经过设计、调试和系统测试,接收机达到了预期的设计目标,并在野外实际测试中,取得了较为满意的应用效果。
论文的第5章是结论部分,对全文进行了总结,并提出了几点建议,希望对以后有相关研究的同行有一点启示。
Transient Electromagnetic methods (TEM) can be called as Time Domain Electromagnetic methods, is the detection of subsurface electrical parameters of such an important method of information, now in mineral exploration, drilling, aviation and marine areas have been widely applied.
Chapter 1 of the paper describes the basic principles of TEM and TEM receiver in history, current situation and my research ideas. From the current development trend of domestic and foreign, transient electromagnetic apparatus is moving in high integration, high-power, low power, high accuracy, data processing and mapping automation and data interpretation intelligent direction. It is in this atmosphere, Geology and Prospecting Center with the development of new instruments relevant to the purpose of work, to cooperate with my unit, research and development of portable electromagnetic receiver. 2009, by the China University of Geosciences (Beijing) responsible for the development of portable electromagnetic receiver, has now completed the development and testing. This system, band up to 200kHz more than 110dB dynamic range can be achieved.
Chapter 2 and chapter 3 of the paper are about the receiver hardware and software design process. As to transient electromagnetic signal with characters of a large amplitude at early stage high-speed decaying and a small amplitude at midterm or later period slow-speed decaying, we present one design based on transient electro-magnetic receiver based on ARM9 unit. To acquire ultra and high dynamic range signal intelligently, designed data acquire broad based on Linux and ARM9, developed the Linux drivers for data acquire broad under Linux 2.4 kernel. And in order to expand the frequency range of detector and increase the accuracy, we use high accuracy ADC-ADS1274.With the ARM9 MCU, we develop the driver and application program of ADS1274 and PC program for data processing.
Chapter 4 of the paper is the experiment part, is divided into indoor model experiment and the field experiment. The testing of receptivity is kept through the testing of noise level and receptivity of transient lector-magnetic signal, and the experimental results were analyzed in detail. After the design, debugging and system testing, the design of the receiver to achieve the desired goals and actual testing in the field, made the application effect is satisfactory. The results indicate that the equipment has the good stability and the usability.
Chapter 5 of the paper is the conclusion, a summary of the text and made several suggestions, in the hope of the future relevant peer a little inspiration.
引文
ATMEL. AT91RM9200手册. ATMEL技术部门编写,2005
J.BLEE,D.LDART,R.JTUMER,et al. Airborne Tem Surbeying with a Squid Magnetometer Sensor.Geophysics. 2002,67(2):468~475
JONATHAN CORBET,ALESSANDRO RUBINI & GERG KROAH～HARTMAN.魏永明,耿岳,钟书毅译.Linux设备驱动程序.中国电力出版社,2006
P.L,L.V.F,P.M.C.Vetem-a Very Early Time Electromagnetic System.In:the proceedings of the symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems: SAGEEP’94.USA,1994:795~802
P.L.Jiang, E.Michielssen. Multilevel Plane Wave Time Domain-Enhanced Mot Solver for Analyzing Electromagnetic Scattering from Objects Residing in Lossy Media. IEEE,2005,447～450
Peter Bohm, Gerhard Wachutka. Modelling and Simulation of the Transient Electromagnetic Behavior of High Power Bus Bars under Switching Conditions. IEEE,2000,303～307
W.IJ. A Wide–band Electromagnetic Exploration Method–some Theoret island Experimental Result.Geophysics.1980,45:928~940
曹建章,陈民新,宋建平,等.瞬变电磁测量中抗工频干扰问题的研究.工程勘察,2000,(6):35~38
陈凯. MT～ARM用户手册.北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008
陈凯.海底混场源电磁信号采集器的研制:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008
陈儒军,白宜诚,崔燕丽,等.海底大地电磁探测仪的测试方法.中南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,(04)
常巍,谢光军,黄朝峰. MATLABR2007基础与提高.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
陈忠仁,陈芳靖,王惠.一种高性能瞬变电磁接收机的研制.工矿自动化, 2008,6(3):5～8
邓明,白宜诚,陈儒军,等. PC104嵌入式计算机在海底大地电磁信号采集中的应用.中南工业大学学报,2002,33(6):555～558.
邓明,侯胜利,王广福,等.中国海底地球物理探测仪器的新进展.勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):241～245
邓明,谭捍东,胡建德,等.超宽频带大地电磁信号的采集方法和技术.现代地质,1997,11(3):401～408
邓明,魏文博,谭捍东,等.海底大地电磁信号采集的技术难点.现代地质,2002,16(1):94～99
邓明,魏文博,谭捍东,等.海底大地电磁数据采集器.地球物理学报,2003,46(2):217～223
豆会平,魏启.脉冲瞬变电磁仪的发展状况及对策.石油仪器, 2000,14(4):26~28
杜春雷. ARM体系结构与编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
方文藻.瞬变电磁测深法原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1993
贺伟芳.基于蓝牙技术的瞬变电磁法接收机数据传输与处理:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学,2008
嵇艳菊,林君.瞬变电磁法数据取样处理方法的研究.物探化探,2003,27(2):142～145
静恩杰,李志聃.瞬变电磁法基本原理.北京:中国煤田地质,1995,7(2):83～87
李创社,李实.瞬变电磁勘探中早期信号的检测方法研究.煤田与地探,1999,152(2):58李金铭.地电场与电法勘探.北京:地质出版社,2005
李俊.嵌入式Linux设备驱动开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008
李实,宋建平,李创社.瞬变电磁仪中几种干扰的消除方法.西安交通大学学报, 2001,5 (4):373~377
刘丽萍.基于DSP的瞬变电磁数据采集系统的研制:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学,2005
屈栓柱,邓明,陈凯,等超长周期大地电磁数据采集系统的设计与实现.电测与仪表,2007,44(497):41~43
宋宝华. Linux设备驱动开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008
唐斌.基于ARM的手持式振动数据采集系统研究:[硕士学位论文].河北:华北电力大学,2009
王怀秀,朱国维. 24位高性能模数转换器ADS1274/ADS1278及其应用.国外电子元器件,2008,(5):53～56
王忠,林君,吴国强. TEM接收机低噪声抗饱和前放电路设计.长春:吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2002,20(4):1～4
王忠.高速、大动态范围瞬变电磁接收机的研制.仪器仪表学报,2006,4(27):416～419
吴国强.基于等效采样技术的低噪声瞬变电磁法接收机的研制:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学,2005
夏雅琴,孙学波,刘程艳,等.基于ARM9的次声采集与网络传输系统设计.北京工业大学学报,2007,39(7):985～988
袁真,李海.低噪声运放前置放大器的实用设计.仪表技术, 2000,6 (6):20~22.
J.BLEE,D.LDART,R.JTUMER,et al. Airborne Tem Surbeying with a Squid Magnetometer Sensor.Geophysics. 2002,67(2):468~475
JONATHAN CORBET,ALESSANDRO RUBINI & GERG KROAH～HARTMAN.魏永明,耿岳,钟书毅译.Linux设备驱动程序.中国电力出版社,2006
P.L,L.V.F,P.M.C.Vetem-a Very Early Time Electromagnetic System.In:the proceedings of the symposium on the application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems: SAGEEP’94.USA,1994:795~802
P.L.Jiang, E.Michielssen. Multilevel Plane Wave Time Domain-Enhanced Mot Solver for Analyzing Electromagnetic Scattering from Objects Residing in Lossy Media. IEEE,2005,447～450
Peter Bohm, Gerhard Wachutka. Modelling and Simulation of the Transient Electromagnetic Behavior of High Power Bus Bars under Switching Conditions. IEEE,2000,303～307
W.IJ. A Wide–band Electromagnetic Exploration Method–some Theoret island Experimental Result.Geophysics.1980,45:928~940
曹建章,陈民新,宋建平,等.瞬变电磁测量中抗工频干扰问题的研究.工程勘察,2000,(6):35~38
陈凯. MT～ARM用户手册.北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008
陈凯.海底混场源电磁信号采集器的研制:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008
陈儒军,白宜诚,崔燕丽,等.海底大地电磁探测仪的测试方法.中南工业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,(04)
常巍,谢光军,黄朝峰. MATLABR2007基础与提高.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
陈忠仁,陈芳靖,王惠.一种高性能瞬变电磁接收机的研制.工矿自动化, 2008,6(3):5～8
邓明,白宜诚,陈儒军,等. PC104嵌入式计算机在海底大地电磁信号采集中的应用.中南工业大学学报,2002,33(6):555～558.
邓明,侯胜利,王广福,等.中国海底地球物理探测仪器的新进展.勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4):241～245
邓明,谭捍东,胡建德,等.超宽频带大地电磁信号的采集方法和技术.现代地质,1997,11(3):401～408
邓明,魏文博,谭捍东,等.海底大地电磁信号采集的技术难点.现代地质,2002,16(1):94～99
邓明,魏文博,谭捍东,等.海底大地电磁数据采集器.地球物理学报,2003,46(2):217～223
豆会平,魏启.脉冲瞬变电磁仪的发展状况及对策.石油仪器, 2000,14(4):26~28
杜春雷. ARM体系结构与编程.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
方文藻.瞬变电磁测深法原理.西安:西北工业大学出版社,1993
贺伟芳.基于蓝牙技术的瞬变电磁法接收机数据传输与处理:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学,2008
嵇艳菊,林君.瞬变电磁法数据取样处理方法的研究.物探化探,2003,27(2):142～145
静恩杰,李志聃.瞬变电磁法基本原理.北京:中国煤田地质,1995,7(2):83～87
李创社,李实.瞬变电磁勘探中早期信号的检测方法研究.煤田与地探,1999,152(2):58李金铭.地电场与电法勘探.北京:地质出版社,2005
李俊.嵌入式Linux设备驱动开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008
李实,宋建平,李创社.瞬变电磁仪中几种干扰的消除方法.西安交通大学学报, 2001,5 (4):373~377
刘丽萍.基于DSP的瞬变电磁数据采集系统的研制:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学,2005
屈栓柱,邓明,陈凯,等超长周期大地电磁数据采集系统的设计与实现.电测与仪表,2007,44(497):41~43
宋宝华. Linux设备驱动开发详解.北京:人民邮电出版社,2008
唐斌.基于ARM的手持式振动数据采集系统研究:[硕士学位论文].河北:华北电力大学,2009
王怀秀,朱国维. 24位高性能模数转换器ADS1274/ADS1278及其应用.国外电子元器件,2008,(5):53～56
王忠,林君,吴国强. TEM接收机低噪声抗饱和前放电路设计.长春:吉林大学学报(信息科学版),2002,20(4):1～4
王忠.高速、大动态范围瞬变电磁接收机的研制.仪器仪表学报,2006,4(27):416～419
吴国强.基于等效采样技术的低噪声瞬变电磁法接收机的研制:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学,2005
夏雅琴,孙学波,刘程艳,等.基于ARM9的次声采集与网络传输系统设计.北京工业大学学报,2007,39(7):985～988
袁真,李海.低噪声运放前置放大器的实用设计.仪表技术, 2000,6 (6):20~22.