3454中厚板轧机轧制规程优化设计及设备能力的研究
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摘要
中厚板产品广泛应用于油气输送管线、船舶、桥梁、容器、锅炉、海洋构件、建筑等国民经济的众多领域。目前，我国中厚板轧机的装机水平、设备能力、产量和能耗，与先进国家相比，存在很大差距。其中不少是二手设备，工艺落后，产量低，质量差，缺乏市场竞争力，有待于技术改造。秦皇岛首钢板材有限公司的四辊可逆轧机，是由西班牙购进的二手设备，因为设备能力的限制，在生产过程中，采用限制压下量轧制，压下规程也严重不合理，严重制约着产量的提高。
本文首先通过理论分析，以西姆斯热轧公式为基础，建立新的轧制压力公式，并用实测值对其进行修正，提高了计算精度。然后用ANSYS有限元软件对轧机的主要零部件的强度进行模拟计算，综合考虑轧机的基本状况，提出了轧机的改造方案。
为了验证模拟计算的结果，对轧机进行了测试实验，并将实测值与理论计算值进行对比分析,验证了理论计算结果的正确性，并重新选择了主电机。
最后，对轧机的整体状况进行分析，以充分发挥轧机能力、产量最高为目标，同时兼顾产品质量，建立了数学模型，对轧制规程进行优化设计。
The plate products are widely used in many fields such as pipeline of petroleum and natural gas, shipping, bridge, container, boiler, oceanic component, construction and so on. At present，there is a large distance about middle-thick plate mill between at home and advanced country in the installation level, equipment ability, output and energy consumption. A number of these are tender equipment. The fall behind technic, the low output and the poor quality make the poor production competitive power. It is need to be redevelopment. The four reversing high mill of QHD plate mill SG is a tender equipment from Spain. Because of the limited of the equipment ability it must use the limited gauge reduction during rolling. The pass schedule is not reasonable, too. It restricts the raising of output seriously.
In this study, at first，We will establish a rolling force formula based on the Sims formula, and improve it with the test data. Simulate calculate the intension of the mill’s main parts using SNSYS. Advanced the reconstruct project.
Testing the mill in order to validate the calculate result. and choose the new main motor. At last, analyzed the whole mill’s condition, established mathematical model with the object of largest output. Optimum designed the pass schedule.
本文首先通过理论分析，以西姆斯热轧公式为基础，建立新的轧制压力公式，并用实测值对其进行修正，提高了计算精度。然后用ANSYS有限元软件对轧机的主要零部件的强度进行模拟计算，综合考虑轧机的基本状况，提出了轧机的改造方案。
为了验证模拟计算的结果，对轧机进行了测试实验，并将实测值与理论计算值进行对比分析,验证了理论计算结果的正确性，并重新选择了主电机。
最后，对轧机的整体状况进行分析，以充分发挥轧机能力、产量最高为目标，同时兼顾产品质量，建立了数学模型，对轧制规程进行优化设计。
The plate products are widely used in many fields such as pipeline of petroleum and natural gas, shipping, bridge, container, boiler, oceanic component, construction and so on. At present，there is a large distance about middle-thick plate mill between at home and advanced country in the installation level, equipment ability, output and energy consumption. A number of these are tender equipment. The fall behind technic, the low output and the poor quality make the poor production competitive power. It is need to be redevelopment. The four reversing high mill of QHD plate mill SG is a tender equipment from Spain. Because of the limited of the equipment ability it must use the limited gauge reduction during rolling. The pass schedule is not reasonable, too. It restricts the raising of output seriously.
In this study, at first，We will establish a rolling force formula based on the Sims formula, and improve it with the test data. Simulate calculate the intension of the mill’s main parts using SNSYS. Advanced the reconstruct project.
Testing the mill in order to validate the calculate result. and choose the new main motor. At last, analyzed the whole mill’s condition, established mathematical model with the object of largest output. Optimum designed the pass schedule.
引文
1 连家创, 李春满.轧钢设备及工艺(第一分册).东北重型机械学院,1985:1
2 M. Agapios.中厚板轧机技术.冶金设备,2000,(8):27-32
3 张燕燕, 曹建宁.厚板生产技术的发展.轧钢,2001,(4):35-38
4 罗先德.钱谈我国中厚板生产现状及其技术改造.轧钢,1997,(2):50-53
5 金学俊.现代热轧新技术.世界钢铁,1955,77(3):48-55
6 刘相华, 王国栋.热轧带钢新技术的发展.钢铁研究,2000,(5):1-24
7 朱敏之.国外厚板生产工艺技术的进步.宽厚板,2000,(3):39-42
8 Scharfenorth, Ulrich, Hoppmann, Hans-Dieter etc.China steel decides in favour of conventional hot wide strip mill.MPT Metallurgical Plant and Technology International, 1996,8(19):5
9 张永嘉, 郑磊.宝钢宽厚板开发研制十年回顾.宝钢技术,1998,(3):1-4
10 孙本荣, 王有铭, 陈瑛,等.中厚钢板生产.北京:冶金工业出版社,1993:1-13
11 孙卫华, 孙浩, 孙玮.我国中厚板生产现状与发展.宽厚板, 2000,(6):1-4
12 荆其臻, 王华.浅析中厚板生产现状及发展.轧钢,1998,(04):38-42
13 罗先德.简述我国中厚板成材率现状与进步.轧钢,1999,(01):42-44
14 王国栋, 刘相华, 张殿华, 等.我国中厚板行业如何直面WTO.轧钢,2002,(4):3-5
15 Bobovskij, Yu.A. The rolling equipment and technological transport.Tyazheloe Mashinostroenie,1997,3(3):24-28
16 Samways, Norman L. Developments in the North American iron and steel industry – 1997. Iron and Steel Engineer,1998,2(2):21-43
17 Bonaud, Claude.Modernization programme for the Sidex, Rumania,wide hot strip mill(Kvaerner Metals Clecim). MPT Metallurgical Plant and Technology International, 1999,8(26):6
18 Shohet K.N. The Development of hot Strip Mills.Tron and Steel Fngineer.1989,Vol.(6)
:38-40
19 V. B. Ginzburg. Steel Rolling Technology: Theory and Practice [M].New York: Marcel Dekker,1989:33-36
20 Inoue Masatoshi. Manufacture of Trimming-Free Plates. Kawasaki Steel Technical Report,1989: 71-77
21 Aruga Isamu. Production of Trimming Free Thick Plates. Kawasaki Steel Technical Report,1997,(7): 77-79
22 李丰.谈我国中厚板轧机的技术改造.轧钢.1995,(4):47-49
23 陈启祥, 帅奇.浅谈我国中厚板的设备及生产.冶金信息(导刊),2000,(4):21-24
24 井永水, 李耕.济钢中厚板厂3200轧机的改造.冶金设备,2002,(2):31-34
25 Ved, V.V., Rospasie nko, etc.Improving the production equipment on a 2800 mill.
Metallurgist (English Translation of Metallurg), 1990,9(34):37-48
26 王延溥.轧钢工艺学.北京:冶金工业出版社,1981:235-245,280-316
27 刘战英, 李贺杰.轧制规程优化设计.河北冶金,1998(Z1):121-123
28 张清东, 何安瑞, 黄纶伟, 等.板形控制与热轧带钢自由规程轧制.钢铁,2001,(02):
72-75
29 白埃民, 裴晓东, 张进之, 等.电动压下多轧程优化规程的实现.钢铁,1999,(04):30-33
30 韦东滨, 程鼎, 吴迪, 等.无孔型轧制压下规程制定方法的实验研究.钢铁研究,1999,(05):22-24
31 张振友.板带钢轧机压下规程能量优化设计.有色矿冶,1998,(02):51-55
32 Munch, Fritjof Tileman.Enhancement of performance and saving of heat energy in the production of hot strip.Stahl und Eisen,1997,117(5):97-104, 142
33 (德)HaraldWehage.热轧板带新工艺压下规程的优化.鞍钢技术,1999,(12):47-52
34 Bayoumi,Laila S.Analysis of flow and stresses in a tube stretch-reducing hot rolling schedule International Journal of Mechanical Sciences ,2003,3(45):553-565
35 Lopez,Leo,Carter etc.The hot strip mill production scheduling problem: A tabu search approach European Journal of Operational Research , 1998,106(2-3): 317-335
36 Fang,Hsiao-Lan,Tsai etc.Genetic algorithm approach to Hot Strip Mill Rolling Scheduling problems.Proceedings of the International Conference on Tools with
Artificial Intelligence, 1998:264-271
37 横田玉雄ぼか. 塑性と加工,1975,16(168):10
38 濑川佑二郎ぼか. 塑性と加工.1979,20(217):119
39 大岛真ぼか. 日本金属学会会报,1978,17(2):137
40 张进之, 戴学满.中厚板轧制优化规程在线设定方法.宽厚板,2001,(06):1-9
41 张进之, 程之芬, 王延溥, 等.图表法设计压下规程.东工科学研究,1960,(1):1-5
42 梁国平.轧机负荷函数及分配方法.钢铁,1980,(1):8-12
43 胡贤磊, 矫志杰, 邱红雷, 等.综合等负荷函数法在中厚板规程分配中的应用.钢铁研究学报,2003,(02):24-27
44 胡贤磊, 矫志杰, 邱红雷, 等.中厚板精轧轧制规程的负荷协调分配法及其动态调整. 钢铁, 2003, 38(04):34-37
45 王琦,张进之.优化轧制规程在宽厚板轧机上的应用.宽厚板,2001,(01):19-23
46 张进之, 白埃民, 郝付国.邯钢2800mm中厚板轧机优化规程研究.宽厚板,1998,(03)
:6-12
47 周安玉, 尤敬成, 高伟杰, 等.13.5t钢锭初轧230mm方坯压下规程优化设计.上海金属,1995,(05):32-36
48 戚向东.宝钢新建板带轧机轧制规程及机型选择的研究.[燕山大学工学博士学位论文].2002:80-85
49 邹家祥.轧钢机械.第3版.北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:33-39,86-171,222-232
50 邹家祥, 施东成.轧钢机械理论与结构设计(上册).北京:冶金工业出版社,1992:341-349
51 王勖成, 邵敏.有限单元法基本原理和数值方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1997,3:38-89
52 嘉木工作室编著.ANSYS 5.7有限元实例分析教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:
53 李浩明, 周田朋, 刘相新.ANSYS工程计算应用教程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2003:97-114,171-191
54 马世麟, 傅仁本.材料力学(上册).北京:机械工业出版社,1996:76-97
55 金自力, 陈林, 阎英, 等.轧制规程对初轧切损的影响.包头钢铁学院学报,1998,(03):
230-233
56 Samaras, Nicholas S.; Simaan, Marwan A.Two-point boundary temperature control of hot strip via water cooling ISA Transactions .1997,1(36):11-20
57 黄庆学, 梁爱生.高精度轧制技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:8-18,192-195
58 阿高松男ぼか.塑性と加工.1969,10(101): 449
59 本城恒.石川岛播磨技报.1979,(19):515
60 贺毓辛.现代轧制理论.北京:冶金工业出版社,1993.
61 А.и.采列科夫等著.轧制原理手册.王克智,欧光辉,张维静译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1989:342-349
62 曹鸿德.塑性变形力学与轧制原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1981:119-238
2 M. Agapios.中厚板轧机技术.冶金设备,2000,(8):27-32
3 张燕燕, 曹建宁.厚板生产技术的发展.轧钢,2001,(4):35-38
4 罗先德.钱谈我国中厚板生产现状及其技术改造.轧钢,1997,(2):50-53
5 金学俊.现代热轧新技术.世界钢铁,1955,77(3):48-55
6 刘相华, 王国栋.热轧带钢新技术的发展.钢铁研究,2000,(5):1-24
7 朱敏之.国外厚板生产工艺技术的进步.宽厚板,2000,(3):39-42
8 Scharfenorth, Ulrich, Hoppmann, Hans-Dieter etc.China steel decides in favour of conventional hot wide strip mill.MPT Metallurgical Plant and Technology International, 1996,8(19):5
9 张永嘉, 郑磊.宝钢宽厚板开发研制十年回顾.宝钢技术,1998,(3):1-4
10 孙本荣, 王有铭, 陈瑛,等.中厚钢板生产.北京:冶金工业出版社,1993:1-13
11 孙卫华, 孙浩, 孙玮.我国中厚板生产现状与发展.宽厚板, 2000,(6):1-4
12 荆其臻, 王华.浅析中厚板生产现状及发展.轧钢,1998,(04):38-42
13 罗先德.简述我国中厚板成材率现状与进步.轧钢,1999,(01):42-44
14 王国栋, 刘相华, 张殿华, 等.我国中厚板行业如何直面WTO.轧钢,2002,(4):3-5
15 Bobovskij, Yu.A. The rolling equipment and technological transport.Tyazheloe Mashinostroenie,1997,3(3):24-28
16 Samways, Norman L. Developments in the North American iron and steel industry – 1997. Iron and Steel Engineer,1998,2(2):21-43
17 Bonaud, Claude.Modernization programme for the Sidex, Rumania,wide hot strip mill(Kvaerner Metals Clecim). MPT Metallurgical Plant and Technology International, 1999,8(26):6
18 Shohet K.N. The Development of hot Strip Mills.Tron and Steel Fngineer.1989,Vol.(6)
:38-40
19 V. B. Ginzburg. Steel Rolling Technology: Theory and Practice [M].New York: Marcel Dekker,1989:33-36
20 Inoue Masatoshi. Manufacture of Trimming-Free Plates. Kawasaki Steel Technical Report,1989: 71-77
21 Aruga Isamu. Production of Trimming Free Thick Plates. Kawasaki Steel Technical Report,1997,(7): 77-79
22 李丰.谈我国中厚板轧机的技术改造.轧钢.1995,(4):47-49
23 陈启祥, 帅奇.浅谈我国中厚板的设备及生产.冶金信息(导刊),2000,(4):21-24
24 井永水, 李耕.济钢中厚板厂3200轧机的改造.冶金设备,2002,(2):31-34
25 Ved, V.V., Rospasie nko, etc.Improving the production equipment on a 2800 mill.
Metallurgist (English Translation of Metallurg), 1990,9(34):37-48
26 王延溥.轧钢工艺学.北京:冶金工业出版社,1981:235-245,280-316
27 刘战英, 李贺杰.轧制规程优化设计.河北冶金,1998(Z1):121-123
28 张清东, 何安瑞, 黄纶伟, 等.板形控制与热轧带钢自由规程轧制.钢铁,2001,(02):
72-75
29 白埃民, 裴晓东, 张进之, 等.电动压下多轧程优化规程的实现.钢铁,1999,(04):30-33
30 韦东滨, 程鼎, 吴迪, 等.无孔型轧制压下规程制定方法的实验研究.钢铁研究,1999,(05):22-24
31 张振友.板带钢轧机压下规程能量优化设计.有色矿冶,1998,(02):51-55
32 Munch, Fritjof Tileman.Enhancement of performance and saving of heat energy in the production of hot strip.Stahl und Eisen,1997,117(5):97-104, 142
33 (德)HaraldWehage.热轧板带新工艺压下规程的优化.鞍钢技术,1999,(12):47-52
34 Bayoumi,Laila S.Analysis of flow and stresses in a tube stretch-reducing hot rolling schedule International Journal of Mechanical Sciences ,2003,3(45):553-565
35 Lopez,Leo,Carter etc.The hot strip mill production scheduling problem: A tabu search approach European Journal of Operational Research , 1998,106(2-3): 317-335
36 Fang,Hsiao-Lan,Tsai etc.Genetic algorithm approach to Hot Strip Mill Rolling Scheduling problems.Proceedings of the International Conference on Tools with
Artificial Intelligence, 1998:264-271
37 横田玉雄ぼか. 塑性と加工,1975,16(168):10
38 濑川佑二郎ぼか. 塑性と加工.1979,20(217):119
39 大岛真ぼか. 日本金属学会会报,1978,17(2):137
40 张进之, 戴学满.中厚板轧制优化规程在线设定方法.宽厚板,2001,(06):1-9
41 张进之, 程之芬, 王延溥, 等.图表法设计压下规程.东工科学研究,1960,(1):1-5
42 梁国平.轧机负荷函数及分配方法.钢铁,1980,(1):8-12
43 胡贤磊, 矫志杰, 邱红雷, 等.综合等负荷函数法在中厚板规程分配中的应用.钢铁研究学报,2003,(02):24-27
44 胡贤磊, 矫志杰, 邱红雷, 等.中厚板精轧轧制规程的负荷协调分配法及其动态调整. 钢铁, 2003, 38(04):34-37
45 王琦,张进之.优化轧制规程在宽厚板轧机上的应用.宽厚板,2001,(01):19-23
46 张进之, 白埃民, 郝付国.邯钢2800mm中厚板轧机优化规程研究.宽厚板,1998,(03)
:6-12
47 周安玉, 尤敬成, 高伟杰, 等.13.5t钢锭初轧230mm方坯压下规程优化设计.上海金属,1995,(05):32-36
48 戚向东.宝钢新建板带轧机轧制规程及机型选择的研究.[燕山大学工学博士学位论文].2002:80-85
49 邹家祥.轧钢机械.第3版.北京:冶金工业出版社,2000:33-39,86-171,222-232
50 邹家祥, 施东成.轧钢机械理论与结构设计(上册).北京:冶金工业出版社,1992:341-349
51 王勖成, 邵敏.有限单元法基本原理和数值方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1997,3:38-89
52 嘉木工作室编著.ANSYS 5.7有限元实例分析教程.北京:机械工业出版社,2002:
53 李浩明, 周田朋, 刘相新.ANSYS工程计算应用教程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2003:97-114,171-191
54 马世麟, 傅仁本.材料力学(上册).北京:机械工业出版社,1996:76-97
55 金自力, 陈林, 阎英, 等.轧制规程对初轧切损的影响.包头钢铁学院学报,1998,(03):
230-233
56 Samaras, Nicholas S.; Simaan, Marwan A.Two-point boundary temperature control of hot strip via water cooling ISA Transactions .1997,1(36):11-20
57 黄庆学, 梁爱生.高精度轧制技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,2002:8-18,192-195
58 阿高松男ぼか.塑性と加工.1969,10(101): 449
59 本城恒.石川岛播磨技报.1979,(19):515
60 贺毓辛.现代轧制理论.北京:冶金工业出版社,1993.
61 А.и.采列科夫等著.轧制原理手册.王克智,欧光辉,张维静译.北京:冶金工业出版社,1989:342-349
62 曹鸿德.塑性变形力学与轧制原理.北京:机械工业出版社,1981:119-238