基于h指数的学术授信评价研究
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摘要
在知识经济时代,学术评价对学者、学术机构、科研管理机构,乃至社会大众和国家均具有重要的意义。学术评价结果不仅成为科研管理的重要依据,而且影响到科学自身的发展。加强学术评价基础理论研究,构建合理的学术评价体系对推动我国科研事业健康发展具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。
现行学术评价体系存在诸多弊端,出现了比较严重的信任危机。另一方面,学术成果发表模式在网络环境下出现了新的变化,原有的主要基于引文分析的学术评价框架无法满足新的学术评价需求。有鉴于此,本文的研究重点是学术评价基本理念和方法创新,尝试将h指数及相关指标作为内生于科学交流系统的学术评价指标,提出并实现了强调评价者资质和可信度的学术授信评价模型。该模型采用h指数批量统计法测度学术社区内每个成员的学术地位,用引荐分析法研究社区结构,用z指数测度作者或文献在高影响力群体中的学术声誉。
本文的内容框架除了引言和总结展望外,主要分为五个部分：
第一部分是学术评价基本理论,从科学交流角度系统梳理了现行学术评价体系运行机理,认为其不足的根源在于缺乏合理的微观的内生指标和必要的监督机制。
第二部分是h指数基本理论与应用,对国内外h指数相关研究进行了系统而详细的介绍,认为h指数可以同时测度研究成果的数量和质量,是比较理想的初级学术声誉评价指标。
第三部分是基于h指数的学术授信评价模型及实现。在充分汲取现有研究成果的基础上,该部分提出强调专家实名授信的学术授信评价模型,它能实现学术声誉量化评价。该部分还提出h指数批量统计法、引荐分析法等分析方法和z指数等新的学术影响力测度指标,并开发了基于h指数的学术授信评价系统等软件工具。
第四部分是学术授信评价在传统学术交流环境中的应用,用大量实证研究检验了学术授信评价模型在传统学术交流环境中的可行性和有效性。
第五部分是学术授信评价在网络学术交流环境中的应用,提出了“被好友”等新的博客分析指标,从不同角度探索了学术授信评价模型在以科学网博客为代表的网络学术交流环境下的价值。
文章最后总结了学术授信评价模型的价值和不足之处,并对后续研究进行了展望。
In the era of knowledge economy, academic performance evaluation has significant influence upon scholars, academic institutions, management institutions, and even countries. The result of academic performance evaluation is an important basis for research management and affects the development of science deeply. Therefore, such evaluation has important theoretical value and practical implications.
There are many drawbacks in the current academic performance evaluation system, leading to serious crisis of trust. Moreover, the old academic performance evaluation framework based on citation analysis doesn't fit the changing publishing trends in network environment. To solve the problems mentioned above, this paper is focused on the innovative treatment of basic concepts and methodology of academic performance evaluation, and uses h-index and related indicators as basic indicators for a new academic performance evaluation model. This dissertation recommends a new model named Academic Credit Evaluation (ACE) so as to stress the academic qualification and credibility of the evaluators. It uses large-scale data extraction approach for h-index calculation and it has the advantage of measuring the career stage of every member in an academic community. Citation recommendation analysis approach is tried to explore the structure of an academic community, and z-index is suggested to measure the academic reputation of an author or a paper in high-impact groups.
Besides the introduction part and the conclusion part, this paper is divided into five parts:
In Chapter One, basic theories of academic performance evaluation were discussed. This paper analyzed the operation mechanism of the existing academic performance evaluation system from the perspective of scientific communication, and claimed that its drawbacks lie in lacking reasonable microscopic indicators and necessary supervision mechanism.
In Chapter Two, basic theories and applications of h-indices were described. After making an extensive and systematic overview on h-index related literature, this paper asserts that h-index indicator was an ideal basic evaluation indicator to measure academic reputation from the perspectives of both quantity and quality of a researcher's production.
In Chapter Three, the ACE model based on h-index was proposed and implemented. Learning from many study of academic performance evaluation, the paper proposed an ACE model emphasizing the credit from academic experts, with some new methods and indictors such as large-scale h-index extracting approach, citation recommendation analysis approach and z-index indicator. To apply the new model of ACE in real academic performance evaluation, related software was developed.
In Chapter Four, a case study on the ACE model in traditional academic communication environment was conducted.
In Chapter Five, a case study on the ACE model in academic communication under network environment was made. Here the author proposed "Being Made Friend of indicator as a new indicator for blog analysis, and explored the value of the ACE model in the community of ScienceNet blog from different aspects.
In the end, the merits and shortcomings of the Academic Credit Evaluation Model were discussed and the possible follow-up study was envisioned.
现行学术评价体系存在诸多弊端,出现了比较严重的信任危机。另一方面,学术成果发表模式在网络环境下出现了新的变化,原有的主要基于引文分析的学术评价框架无法满足新的学术评价需求。有鉴于此,本文的研究重点是学术评价基本理念和方法创新,尝试将h指数及相关指标作为内生于科学交流系统的学术评价指标,提出并实现了强调评价者资质和可信度的学术授信评价模型。该模型采用h指数批量统计法测度学术社区内每个成员的学术地位,用引荐分析法研究社区结构,用z指数测度作者或文献在高影响力群体中的学术声誉。
本文的内容框架除了引言和总结展望外,主要分为五个部分：
第一部分是学术评价基本理论,从科学交流角度系统梳理了现行学术评价体系运行机理,认为其不足的根源在于缺乏合理的微观的内生指标和必要的监督机制。
第二部分是h指数基本理论与应用,对国内外h指数相关研究进行了系统而详细的介绍,认为h指数可以同时测度研究成果的数量和质量,是比较理想的初级学术声誉评价指标。
第三部分是基于h指数的学术授信评价模型及实现。在充分汲取现有研究成果的基础上,该部分提出强调专家实名授信的学术授信评价模型,它能实现学术声誉量化评价。该部分还提出h指数批量统计法、引荐分析法等分析方法和z指数等新的学术影响力测度指标,并开发了基于h指数的学术授信评价系统等软件工具。
第四部分是学术授信评价在传统学术交流环境中的应用,用大量实证研究检验了学术授信评价模型在传统学术交流环境中的可行性和有效性。
第五部分是学术授信评价在网络学术交流环境中的应用,提出了“被好友”等新的博客分析指标,从不同角度探索了学术授信评价模型在以科学网博客为代表的网络学术交流环境下的价值。
文章最后总结了学术授信评价模型的价值和不足之处,并对后续研究进行了展望。
In the era of knowledge economy, academic performance evaluation has significant influence upon scholars, academic institutions, management institutions, and even countries. The result of academic performance evaluation is an important basis for research management and affects the development of science deeply. Therefore, such evaluation has important theoretical value and practical implications.
There are many drawbacks in the current academic performance evaluation system, leading to serious crisis of trust. Moreover, the old academic performance evaluation framework based on citation analysis doesn't fit the changing publishing trends in network environment. To solve the problems mentioned above, this paper is focused on the innovative treatment of basic concepts and methodology of academic performance evaluation, and uses h-index and related indicators as basic indicators for a new academic performance evaluation model. This dissertation recommends a new model named Academic Credit Evaluation (ACE) so as to stress the academic qualification and credibility of the evaluators. It uses large-scale data extraction approach for h-index calculation and it has the advantage of measuring the career stage of every member in an academic community. Citation recommendation analysis approach is tried to explore the structure of an academic community, and z-index is suggested to measure the academic reputation of an author or a paper in high-impact groups.
Besides the introduction part and the conclusion part, this paper is divided into five parts:
In Chapter One, basic theories of academic performance evaluation were discussed. This paper analyzed the operation mechanism of the existing academic performance evaluation system from the perspective of scientific communication, and claimed that its drawbacks lie in lacking reasonable microscopic indicators and necessary supervision mechanism.
In Chapter Two, basic theories and applications of h-indices were described. After making an extensive and systematic overview on h-index related literature, this paper asserts that h-index indicator was an ideal basic evaluation indicator to measure academic reputation from the perspectives of both quantity and quality of a researcher's production.
In Chapter Three, the ACE model based on h-index was proposed and implemented. Learning from many study of academic performance evaluation, the paper proposed an ACE model emphasizing the credit from academic experts, with some new methods and indictors such as large-scale h-index extracting approach, citation recommendation analysis approach and z-index indicator. To apply the new model of ACE in real academic performance evaluation, related software was developed.
In Chapter Four, a case study on the ACE model in traditional academic communication environment was conducted.
In Chapter Five, a case study on the ACE model in academic communication under network environment was made. Here the author proposed "Being Made Friend of indicator as a new indicator for blog analysis, and explored the value of the ACE model in the community of ScienceNet blog from different aspects.
In the end, the merits and shortcomings of the Academic Credit Evaluation Model were discussed and the possible follow-up study was envisioned.
引文
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