深层砾岩气储层高分辨率层序地层研究及有利储层预测
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摘要
深层砾岩气储层埋藏深、成分复杂、成岩作用强烈、分布规律复杂,储层特征及储层预测成为制约气田开发的最关键问题。论文以松辽盆地徐家围子断陷为靶区,采用高分辨率层序地层学和储层沉积学理论,对深层砾岩气储层的层序划分、沉积与成岩特征、储层形成的控制因素及有利储层分布进行了深入研究,为气田评价及开发方案设计提供了重要的地质依据。
砾岩储层具有地层厚度变化快、厚度大、岩性单一、垂向可分性差、分层界面少、测井曲线分层性差、地震不能分辨内部层序等特点,致使砾岩储层的短期层序划分非常困难。本文以高分辨率层序地层学为基础,综合运用地震、测井和全井段取芯井资料进行层序界面的识别和层序划分,将研究层段营四段划分2个长期层序,4个中期程序,11个短期程序。依据本地区的地质特征,建立了用于指导的本区地层对比的层序空间模式,为厚层砾岩内部层序研究提供了可行方法。
本文重新进行了研究区物源研究,由岩性或粒级平面分布、古地貌、层序特征、平面相序、地震相等方面的证据,揭示了研究区营四段厚层砾岩为西北、西南2个物源,且西北为主物源、西南为次物源,为砾岩体的预测提供了理论依据。
由于砾岩储层岩性单一、分选差、颜色相近、层理特征不明显等特点,致使砾岩储层的岩石相及微相区分困难很大。在精细岩心描述的基础上,根据砾石的粒级、填系物特征、分选程度、接触方式、砾石排列等特征,提出了砾岩岩石相细分5种依据,将巨厚砾岩分为9类22亚类岩石相,为不易区分的巨厚砾岩内部精细研究提供了岩石学基础。通过对本区砾岩特征的总结及精细的比较沉积学研究,确定了本区厚层砾岩的成因为向辫状河三角洲过渡的、浅的砾质辫状河型扇三角洲相。
研究区营四段砾岩储层储集空间类型非常复杂,通过大量的微观分析认为,研究区主要储集空间类型为原生粒间孔、溶孔、裂隙及复合孔隙。本文提出了利用有机酸的排放时期、排放通道及分布范围进行了溶蚀孔隙分布预测。在含气地层各种测井响应参数失灵的情况下,利用频率道集衰减特征进行了有利含气区预测。通过上述研究,最终给出了本区最为有利的含气区域范围,为气藏挖潜提供依据。
The deep conglomerate gas reservoir is buried deeply; Its composition is complex; digenesis is strong and distribution is complex. The reservoir prediction and reservoir characteristics become the most critical constraint issues for gas field development. Taking Songliao Basin Xujiaweizi fault subsidence as a target area, using high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and reservoir sedimentation theory, the deep conglomerate gas reservoir sequence division, sedimentary and diagenetic features, reservoir physical property control factors and favorable reservoir distribution are deeply studied which can provide an important geological basis to field evaluation and development program design.
Conglomerate reservoir is provided with a thickness changing quickly, large thickness and lithology single, poor separability in vertical, layered interface less, poor logging curves stratified, seismic can not distinguish the characteristics of the internal sequence, and resulting in conglomerate reservoirs Short-term sequence division is very difficult. Based on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, by using comprehensively the contact relations and sedimentary features of Sequence reflected by seismic, well logging and full-hole coring well data, Sequence boundary are identified and sequence are divided. This research divided the ying-4 segment into 2 long-term base-level cycles,4 mid-term base-level cycles and 11 short-term base-level cycles. The spatial patterns are built for guiding to sequence stratigraphic correlation through the region's geological features in this area and provide a feasible way for researching internally to the thick conglomerate sequence.
The provenance region of Ying4 conglomerate reservoir is restudied in this research. There are two provenance in the research area,one is northwest,the another is southwest on the evidence of lithologic character, grain size plane distribution,paleo-physiography,sequence characteristic,plane facies sequence and seismicfacies which provides theory foundation for forecasting conglomerate body.
Owing to the conglomerate reservoir with a single lithology, poor sorting , color similar , not obvious characteristics of bedding features, there is with great difficulties to distinction of the reservoir Lightfaces and Microfacies. on the base of elaborate core describing,five criterions are proposed according to the grain size, interstitial character, degree of sorting,the contact manner,gravelstone arrangement. The heavy conglomerate is divided into 9 type and 22 subtype litho facies which offer lithology foundation for systematically studying internal fine structure of heavy conglomerate. Characteristics of this area through the conglomerate and fine summary of comparative sedimentology studies to determine the thick layer of this area into a conglomerate because of the transition to the braided river delta, the shallow gravelly braided-type fan delta facies.
In the study area Y4 conglomerate reservoirs type of space is very complex and includes. Through a large number of micro-analysis, the study area the main reservoir space type of native intergranular pores, solution holes, cracks and composite porosity. By using of discharge period, discharge ventage and distribution scope of organic acids, the dissolution pore distribution predicting is first proposed. Under the circumstances of a variety of logging parameters failure to respond to gas-bearing formation, the frequency attenuation characteristics gathers is used to forecasting a favorable gas-bearing zones. Through this research, the most favorable target area of gas-bearing area is ultimately given in order to provide a basis for tapping the potential to gas reservoirs.
砾岩储层具有地层厚度变化快、厚度大、岩性单一、垂向可分性差、分层界面少、测井曲线分层性差、地震不能分辨内部层序等特点,致使砾岩储层的短期层序划分非常困难。本文以高分辨率层序地层学为基础,综合运用地震、测井和全井段取芯井资料进行层序界面的识别和层序划分,将研究层段营四段划分2个长期层序,4个中期程序,11个短期程序。依据本地区的地质特征,建立了用于指导的本区地层对比的层序空间模式,为厚层砾岩内部层序研究提供了可行方法。
本文重新进行了研究区物源研究,由岩性或粒级平面分布、古地貌、层序特征、平面相序、地震相等方面的证据,揭示了研究区营四段厚层砾岩为西北、西南2个物源,且西北为主物源、西南为次物源,为砾岩体的预测提供了理论依据。
由于砾岩储层岩性单一、分选差、颜色相近、层理特征不明显等特点,致使砾岩储层的岩石相及微相区分困难很大。在精细岩心描述的基础上,根据砾石的粒级、填系物特征、分选程度、接触方式、砾石排列等特征,提出了砾岩岩石相细分5种依据,将巨厚砾岩分为9类22亚类岩石相,为不易区分的巨厚砾岩内部精细研究提供了岩石学基础。通过对本区砾岩特征的总结及精细的比较沉积学研究,确定了本区厚层砾岩的成因为向辫状河三角洲过渡的、浅的砾质辫状河型扇三角洲相。
研究区营四段砾岩储层储集空间类型非常复杂,通过大量的微观分析认为,研究区主要储集空间类型为原生粒间孔、溶孔、裂隙及复合孔隙。本文提出了利用有机酸的排放时期、排放通道及分布范围进行了溶蚀孔隙分布预测。在含气地层各种测井响应参数失灵的情况下,利用频率道集衰减特征进行了有利含气区预测。通过上述研究,最终给出了本区最为有利的含气区域范围,为气藏挖潜提供依据。
The deep conglomerate gas reservoir is buried deeply; Its composition is complex; digenesis is strong and distribution is complex. The reservoir prediction and reservoir characteristics become the most critical constraint issues for gas field development. Taking Songliao Basin Xujiaweizi fault subsidence as a target area, using high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and reservoir sedimentation theory, the deep conglomerate gas reservoir sequence division, sedimentary and diagenetic features, reservoir physical property control factors and favorable reservoir distribution are deeply studied which can provide an important geological basis to field evaluation and development program design.
Conglomerate reservoir is provided with a thickness changing quickly, large thickness and lithology single, poor separability in vertical, layered interface less, poor logging curves stratified, seismic can not distinguish the characteristics of the internal sequence, and resulting in conglomerate reservoirs Short-term sequence division is very difficult. Based on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, by using comprehensively the contact relations and sedimentary features of Sequence reflected by seismic, well logging and full-hole coring well data, Sequence boundary are identified and sequence are divided. This research divided the ying-4 segment into 2 long-term base-level cycles,4 mid-term base-level cycles and 11 short-term base-level cycles. The spatial patterns are built for guiding to sequence stratigraphic correlation through the region's geological features in this area and provide a feasible way for researching internally to the thick conglomerate sequence.
The provenance region of Ying4 conglomerate reservoir is restudied in this research. There are two provenance in the research area,one is northwest,the another is southwest on the evidence of lithologic character, grain size plane distribution,paleo-physiography,sequence characteristic,plane facies sequence and seismicfacies which provides theory foundation for forecasting conglomerate body.
Owing to the conglomerate reservoir with a single lithology, poor sorting , color similar , not obvious characteristics of bedding features, there is with great difficulties to distinction of the reservoir Lightfaces and Microfacies. on the base of elaborate core describing,five criterions are proposed according to the grain size, interstitial character, degree of sorting,the contact manner,gravelstone arrangement. The heavy conglomerate is divided into 9 type and 22 subtype litho facies which offer lithology foundation for systematically studying internal fine structure of heavy conglomerate. Characteristics of this area through the conglomerate and fine summary of comparative sedimentology studies to determine the thick layer of this area into a conglomerate because of the transition to the braided river delta, the shallow gravelly braided-type fan delta facies.
In the study area Y4 conglomerate reservoirs type of space is very complex and includes. Through a large number of micro-analysis, the study area the main reservoir space type of native intergranular pores, solution holes, cracks and composite porosity. By using of discharge period, discharge ventage and distribution scope of organic acids, the dissolution pore distribution predicting is first proposed. Under the circumstances of a variety of logging parameters failure to respond to gas-bearing formation, the frequency attenuation characteristics gathers is used to forecasting a favorable gas-bearing zones. Through this research, the most favorable target area of gas-bearing area is ultimately given in order to provide a basis for tapping the potential to gas reservoirs.
引文
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