状态实时监控与损伤快速修复的光纤智能结构研究
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摘要
智能结构是将传感、控制及驱动元件等紧密融合在材料或结构中,通过机械、热、光、化学、电、磁等激励和控制,使结构除具有承受载荷的能力外,还具有识别、分析、处理及控制等多种功能,能够进行自诊断、自适应、自学习和自修复。将光纤作为传感元件用于材料或结构中,便形成了目前智能结构领域的热点研究分支——光纤智能结构。本文结合光纤智能结构诊断和修复的基本功能和在实际工程中的应用要求,分析了结构中光纤传感理论和状态监控原理,设计了光纤智能结构的状态实时监控系统,同时,本文还研究和测试了用于光波修复的固化材料的性能,分析了光固化修复效果,为结构损伤出现后的快速光固化修复进行了实验验证。全文的主要工作和创新性成果如下:
1)提出状态实时监控与损伤快速修复的光纤智能结构系统设计,实现了当光纤智能结构受损时,首先通过监控系统确定结构的损伤部位,然后利用修复系统在损伤部位进行快速损伤修复,使得受损的光纤智能结构能够基本修复,从而可以继续使用,具有终身状态实时监控功能,为光纤智能结构的监控与修复一体化系统设计提供了新思路。
2)将人工神经网络建模融入光纤智能结构的损伤位置判断软件中,成功的将反向传播神经网络(BP网络)和自组织特征映射神经网络(SOM网络)分别用于了数据处理和分析应用实验,与通常的研究中使用BP网络来进行损伤判断方法相比,本文中通过SOM网络实验,得出SOM网络可很好地进行状态实时监控系统的数据处理与损伤位置的分析。
3)首次提出一种用短波长的光波快速修复光纤智能结构损伤初期出现的微小裂缝等损伤的方法,利用快速光固化修复材料的光固化反应,通过光纤智能结构中的光纤传输修复光波和对损伤部位进行外部修复光波辐照这两种方式,实现了对修复材料的固化,达到了损伤修复的目的,为光纤智能结构的快速修复提供了新途径。
4)采用近代光测的方法来检测光固化材料修复损伤的效果,通过制作实验试件,比较试件的原始状态、损伤状态、修复后状态的振动全息图,对比振型图条纹,分析了光固化材料的修复效果,验证了光固化材料用于光纤智能结构损伤修复的可行性。
本文的研究成果为光纤智能结构的监控与修复系统的设计方法提供了新思路,为光纤智能结构修复技术的进一步深入研究提供了有价值的参考。
Intelligent structures are materials and structures with sensing, controlling and driving components embedded in. Through the stimulation and control from external factors such as machine, heat, light, chemistry, electricity, magnetism and so on, the intelligent structures possess the abilities of recognizing and analyzing status, processing datum, controling movement and etc, which enable the structures to fulfill self-diagnosing, self-adapting, self-studying and self-repairing. When optical fibers are used in materials or structures as sensors, optical fiber intelligent structures, a hot research branch of intelligent structures research fields at present, are formed. Based on the discussion of the basic functions of diagnosis and repair of the optical fiber intelligent structures and the requirements of its applications in engineering, the related optical fiber sensing and status monitoring theories are analyzed in this dissertation. Furthermore, the real-time status monitoring system for optical fiber intelligent structures is designed. Then performances of the light cured materials for damage repairing are discussed and tested, and the effects of the repairing of the light cured repairing materials are analyzed through the rapid light curing experiment of the damaged structure. The main achievements and innovative results are described as following:
1) A novel design of the real-time status monitoring and rapid damage repairing system for optical fiber intelligent structures is presented. When the damage appears in the structure, the system would judge and confirm the damage area at first. Then the damage area would be rapidly repaired by the repair system, thus the optical fiber intelligent structure could be repaired partially and it can continue to work on with the real-time status monitoring all the time. This novel system provides a new way for the integrative monitoring and repairing design of the optical fiber intelligent structure.
2) With artificial neural network model used in the damage location judging software, the BP neural network and SOM neural network are respectively used in the damaged data process and analysis experiments successfully. Comparing with the common research with the way of BP neural network damage judging, the SOM neural network experiments are conducted in this dissertation and the experimental results show that SOM neural network would successfully fulfill the data process and the damaged area analysis.
3) In this research a new method of rapid crack damage repairing with shortwave light for the optical fiber intelligent structure is presented for the first time. A sort of rapid light cured repairing materials is invented and analyzed. The repairing materials could be solidified under the short wave light transmitted through the optical fibers in the intelligent structure or irradiated by the external repair light source to realize the damage repairing. This method develops a novel approach for the rapid damage repairing of the optical fiber intelligent structure.
4) Through modern light testing and measurement technology the effect of the damage repairing is discussed and proved. The experimental test pieces are made and the vibrating holographic interferograms are photographed in original, damaged, and repaired samples. By analyzing these three interferograms and the fringes on them, the damage repairing effect and feasibility of the light cured materials could be analyzed and testified.
The results of this dissertation would develop a new design method of monitoring and repairing system of the optical fiber intelligent structure and it also provides a valuable reference to the further research of repairing technology in optical fiber intelligent structures.
1)提出状态实时监控与损伤快速修复的光纤智能结构系统设计,实现了当光纤智能结构受损时,首先通过监控系统确定结构的损伤部位,然后利用修复系统在损伤部位进行快速损伤修复,使得受损的光纤智能结构能够基本修复,从而可以继续使用,具有终身状态实时监控功能,为光纤智能结构的监控与修复一体化系统设计提供了新思路。
2)将人工神经网络建模融入光纤智能结构的损伤位置判断软件中,成功的将反向传播神经网络(BP网络)和自组织特征映射神经网络(SOM网络)分别用于了数据处理和分析应用实验,与通常的研究中使用BP网络来进行损伤判断方法相比,本文中通过SOM网络实验,得出SOM网络可很好地进行状态实时监控系统的数据处理与损伤位置的分析。
3)首次提出一种用短波长的光波快速修复光纤智能结构损伤初期出现的微小裂缝等损伤的方法,利用快速光固化修复材料的光固化反应,通过光纤智能结构中的光纤传输修复光波和对损伤部位进行外部修复光波辐照这两种方式,实现了对修复材料的固化,达到了损伤修复的目的,为光纤智能结构的快速修复提供了新途径。
4)采用近代光测的方法来检测光固化材料修复损伤的效果,通过制作实验试件,比较试件的原始状态、损伤状态、修复后状态的振动全息图,对比振型图条纹,分析了光固化材料的修复效果,验证了光固化材料用于光纤智能结构损伤修复的可行性。
本文的研究成果为光纤智能结构的监控与修复系统的设计方法提供了新思路,为光纤智能结构修复技术的进一步深入研究提供了有价值的参考。
Intelligent structures are materials and structures with sensing, controlling and driving components embedded in. Through the stimulation and control from external factors such as machine, heat, light, chemistry, electricity, magnetism and so on, the intelligent structures possess the abilities of recognizing and analyzing status, processing datum, controling movement and etc, which enable the structures to fulfill self-diagnosing, self-adapting, self-studying and self-repairing. When optical fibers are used in materials or structures as sensors, optical fiber intelligent structures, a hot research branch of intelligent structures research fields at present, are formed. Based on the discussion of the basic functions of diagnosis and repair of the optical fiber intelligent structures and the requirements of its applications in engineering, the related optical fiber sensing and status monitoring theories are analyzed in this dissertation. Furthermore, the real-time status monitoring system for optical fiber intelligent structures is designed. Then performances of the light cured materials for damage repairing are discussed and tested, and the effects of the repairing of the light cured repairing materials are analyzed through the rapid light curing experiment of the damaged structure. The main achievements and innovative results are described as following:
1) A novel design of the real-time status monitoring and rapid damage repairing system for optical fiber intelligent structures is presented. When the damage appears in the structure, the system would judge and confirm the damage area at first. Then the damage area would be rapidly repaired by the repair system, thus the optical fiber intelligent structure could be repaired partially and it can continue to work on with the real-time status monitoring all the time. This novel system provides a new way for the integrative monitoring and repairing design of the optical fiber intelligent structure.
2) With artificial neural network model used in the damage location judging software, the BP neural network and SOM neural network are respectively used in the damaged data process and analysis experiments successfully. Comparing with the common research with the way of BP neural network damage judging, the SOM neural network experiments are conducted in this dissertation and the experimental results show that SOM neural network would successfully fulfill the data process and the damaged area analysis.
3) In this research a new method of rapid crack damage repairing with shortwave light for the optical fiber intelligent structure is presented for the first time. A sort of rapid light cured repairing materials is invented and analyzed. The repairing materials could be solidified under the short wave light transmitted through the optical fibers in the intelligent structure or irradiated by the external repair light source to realize the damage repairing. This method develops a novel approach for the rapid damage repairing of the optical fiber intelligent structure.
4) Through modern light testing and measurement technology the effect of the damage repairing is discussed and proved. The experimental test pieces are made and the vibrating holographic interferograms are photographed in original, damaged, and repaired samples. By analyzing these three interferograms and the fringes on them, the damage repairing effect and feasibility of the light cured materials could be analyzed and testified.
The results of this dissertation would develop a new design method of monitoring and repairing system of the optical fiber intelligent structure and it also provides a valuable reference to the further research of repairing technology in optical fiber intelligent structures.
引文
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