海坨子地区扶余油层小层对比与油藏特征研究
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摘要
海坨子地区位于松辽盆地南部西斜坡前缘带,是近年来吉林油田油气勘探取得重大发现的地区。但截至目前对扶余油层的重点解剖尚不深入,对该地区的油气成藏规律认识尚不清楚。论文运用高分辨率层序地层学理论与分析技术,对海坨子地区扶余油层开展了高精度层序地层的划分,在此基础上进行了小层的对比和沉积微相的研究,分析了油气成藏条件,为该地区进一步的勘探和油藏开发提供了地质依据。
通过对海坨子地区扶余油层岩心、测井曲线叠加样式变化的研究,识别出基准面下降与上升的转换面、上升与下降的转换面,将扶余油层划分为3个短期基准面旋回(五级层序)。以短期旋回为单元,建立了研究区的高分辨率层序地层格架,分析了层序格架内地层的发育特征。
在高分辨率层序地层格架的控制下,通过考虑沉积微相特征与基准面变化的关系,识别“最大洪泛面”,判断储层流体性质一致性,开展了精细的小层对比研究,将扶余油层划分为12个具有等时地质意义的小层。
通过岩心观察、测井相识别和地震属性分析,认为海坨子地区扶余油层下部为河流—泛滥平原沉积,主要发育河道、河道间、决口河道、决口扇、泛滥平原泥等微相;上部为三角洲前缘、滨浅湖沉积,主要发育分流河道、河口坝、席状砂、滨浅湖泥等微相;顶部为半深湖及浊积扇沉积,主要发育半深湖泥及浊流水道、浊积席状砂等微相。
对海坨子地区扶余油层的各小层的沉积微相及砂体发育情况进行了统计分析,编制了以小层为单元的沉积微相和砂体平面分布图,明确了各个小层的沉积微相和砂体的平面分布和垂向演化规律,建立了扶余油层下部河流相沉积模式。
以储集砂体分布为基础,参考该地区的成藏地质条件,利用试油试采资料,分析了发育的油藏类型,主要为断层油藏、断层—岩性油藏、岩性油藏和构造—岩性油藏。扶余油层下部含油性好的储集层多为主河道和决口河道、少部分决口扇;上部多为水下分流河道;顶部为浊积扇。油藏的形成受断层、砂体分布及构造等因素的共同影响,在此研究的基础上提出了3口建议井位。
Haituozi, located in the western frontal zone of South Songliao Basin, is an area where a lot of discoveries of oil and gas have been made by Jilin Oilfield in recent years. But the focus of the Fuyu oil layer of Haituozi Area is not yet in depth anatomy, and the law of oil and gas accumulation is not clear so far. Using the theory and technology of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, the paper carries out the division of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy of Fuyu oil layer in Haituozi area. Based on these researches, sub-layer correlation and sedimentary microfacies are studied and the conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation are analyzed. Doing all these is in order to provide a geological basis for further exploration and reservoir development.
Through core observation, analyzing well log stacking patterns change, identifying the turnaround surface of base-level cycles, three and a half short-term base-level cycles (the 5th order sequence) are divided in Fuyu oil layer. Moreover, as short-term base-level cycle a unit, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy framework is constructed and characters of sequences are analyzed in the sequence framework.
Under the control of high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework, fine sub-layer correlation is studied, and 12 genetic stratigraphic sub-layers are divided in Fuyu oil layer by considering the relationship of sedimentary microfacies characteristics and base-level changes, identifing“the maximum flooding surface”and determing the reservoir fluid consistency.
A variety of sedimentary microfacies types are identified by the research of core, electrofacies and seismic attributes. The fluvial-floodplain sediments with the main microfacies of river channel, interchannel, crevasse channel, crevasse splay and flood plains are developed in the lower part of Fuyu oil layer. The delta front, offshore-shallow lake sediments with the main microfacies of distributary channel, mouth bar, sand sheet and offshore-shallow lake mud are developed in the upper part of Fuyu oil layer. The semi-deep lake and turbidite fan sediments with the main microfacies of semi-deep lake mud, turbidite channel and turbidite sheet are developed at the top of Fuyu oil layer.
Through the sand rate statistics and preparation of sedimentary microfacies distribution maps, the sedimentary microfacies distribution in each sub-layer and vertical evolution law are cleared. The river model of the lower part of Fuyu oil layer are established.
Through researching the reservoir sand body, the geological conditions of oil and gas accumulation and the test oil production data in this area, the reservoir types are analyzed, and these mainly contain fault reservoir, fault-lithologic reservoir, lithologic reservoir and structural stratigraphic reservoir. The main river channels, crevasse channels and a small number of crevasse splays at the lower, the underwater distributary channel at the upper and the turbidite body at the top part of Fuyu oil layer are good oil reservoir. The reservoirs are developed under the control of the combined effects of fault, sand body distribution and structure, and three wells are proposed based on this study.
通过对海坨子地区扶余油层岩心、测井曲线叠加样式变化的研究,识别出基准面下降与上升的转换面、上升与下降的转换面,将扶余油层划分为3个短期基准面旋回(五级层序)。以短期旋回为单元,建立了研究区的高分辨率层序地层格架,分析了层序格架内地层的发育特征。
在高分辨率层序地层格架的控制下,通过考虑沉积微相特征与基准面变化的关系,识别“最大洪泛面”,判断储层流体性质一致性,开展了精细的小层对比研究,将扶余油层划分为12个具有等时地质意义的小层。
通过岩心观察、测井相识别和地震属性分析,认为海坨子地区扶余油层下部为河流—泛滥平原沉积,主要发育河道、河道间、决口河道、决口扇、泛滥平原泥等微相;上部为三角洲前缘、滨浅湖沉积,主要发育分流河道、河口坝、席状砂、滨浅湖泥等微相;顶部为半深湖及浊积扇沉积,主要发育半深湖泥及浊流水道、浊积席状砂等微相。
对海坨子地区扶余油层的各小层的沉积微相及砂体发育情况进行了统计分析,编制了以小层为单元的沉积微相和砂体平面分布图,明确了各个小层的沉积微相和砂体的平面分布和垂向演化规律,建立了扶余油层下部河流相沉积模式。
以储集砂体分布为基础,参考该地区的成藏地质条件,利用试油试采资料,分析了发育的油藏类型,主要为断层油藏、断层—岩性油藏、岩性油藏和构造—岩性油藏。扶余油层下部含油性好的储集层多为主河道和决口河道、少部分决口扇;上部多为水下分流河道;顶部为浊积扇。油藏的形成受断层、砂体分布及构造等因素的共同影响,在此研究的基础上提出了3口建议井位。
Haituozi, located in the western frontal zone of South Songliao Basin, is an area where a lot of discoveries of oil and gas have been made by Jilin Oilfield in recent years. But the focus of the Fuyu oil layer of Haituozi Area is not yet in depth anatomy, and the law of oil and gas accumulation is not clear so far. Using the theory and technology of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, the paper carries out the division of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy of Fuyu oil layer in Haituozi area. Based on these researches, sub-layer correlation and sedimentary microfacies are studied and the conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation are analyzed. Doing all these is in order to provide a geological basis for further exploration and reservoir development.
Through core observation, analyzing well log stacking patterns change, identifying the turnaround surface of base-level cycles, three and a half short-term base-level cycles (the 5th order sequence) are divided in Fuyu oil layer. Moreover, as short-term base-level cycle a unit, high-resolution sequence stratigraphy framework is constructed and characters of sequences are analyzed in the sequence framework.
Under the control of high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework, fine sub-layer correlation is studied, and 12 genetic stratigraphic sub-layers are divided in Fuyu oil layer by considering the relationship of sedimentary microfacies characteristics and base-level changes, identifing“the maximum flooding surface”and determing the reservoir fluid consistency.
A variety of sedimentary microfacies types are identified by the research of core, electrofacies and seismic attributes. The fluvial-floodplain sediments with the main microfacies of river channel, interchannel, crevasse channel, crevasse splay and flood plains are developed in the lower part of Fuyu oil layer. The delta front, offshore-shallow lake sediments with the main microfacies of distributary channel, mouth bar, sand sheet and offshore-shallow lake mud are developed in the upper part of Fuyu oil layer. The semi-deep lake and turbidite fan sediments with the main microfacies of semi-deep lake mud, turbidite channel and turbidite sheet are developed at the top of Fuyu oil layer.
Through the sand rate statistics and preparation of sedimentary microfacies distribution maps, the sedimentary microfacies distribution in each sub-layer and vertical evolution law are cleared. The river model of the lower part of Fuyu oil layer are established.
Through researching the reservoir sand body, the geological conditions of oil and gas accumulation and the test oil production data in this area, the reservoir types are analyzed, and these mainly contain fault reservoir, fault-lithologic reservoir, lithologic reservoir and structural stratigraphic reservoir. The main river channels, crevasse channels and a small number of crevasse splays at the lower, the underwater distributary channel at the upper and the turbidite body at the top part of Fuyu oil layer are good oil reservoir. The reservoirs are developed under the control of the combined effects of fault, sand body distribution and structure, and three wells are proposed based on this study.
引文
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[2]邓宏文,王红亮,祝永军,等.高分辨率层序地层学——原理及应用[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.3～22、55～72、124～146
[3]邓宏文,王洪亮,李熙哲,等.层序地层基准面的识别、对比技术及应用[J].石油与天然气地质.1996,17(3):177～184
[4]邓宏文,王红亮,宁宁.沉积物体积分配原理—高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础.地学前缘[M].2000,7(4):305～313
[5]邓宏文.美国层序地层学研究中的新学派-高分辨率层序地层学[J].石油与天然气地质,1995.16(2):89～97
[6]邓宏文,王洪亮,李小孟.高分辨率层序地层对比在河流相中的应用[J].石油天然气地质,1997,18(2):90～95
[7]邓宏文,吴海波,王宁,等.河流相层序地层划分方法-以松辽盆地下白垩统扶余油层为例[J].石油天然气地质,2007,28(5):621～627
[8]樊太亮.沉积基准面变化分析技术及其应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1997,18(2):108～113
[9]高瑞祺,蔡希源.松辽盆地油气田形成条件与分布规律[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.181～212、246～294
[10]顾家裕.陆相盆地层序地层学格架概念及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(4):6～10
[11]关德师,李建忠.松辽盆地南部岩性油藏成藏要素及勘探方向[J].石油学报,2003,24(3):24～27
[12]吉林油田勘探开发研究院.[内部科研报告]松辽盆地南部西部沉积体系油气成藏条件研究,2007
[13]吉林油田.吉林油田勘探开发研究院内部科研资料报告,2008
[14]吉林油田研究院.松辽盆地南部油气成藏系统及资源评价[M].中国石油吉林油田分公司勘探开发研究院,2000.3～12
[15]吉林省油田管理局勘探开发研究院.松辽盆地南部基本构造特征与盆地演化,2000
[16]贾承造,赵文智,邹才能,等.岩性地层油气藏勘探研究的两项核心技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):3～9
[17]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.1～200
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