唐古特白刺种子发芽及其幼苗抗盐机理研究
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摘要
唐古特白刺既是防风固沙抗盐碱的先锋灌木,又是药用植物锁阳的主要寄主,但人工造林种子发芽率低,幼苗抗盐机理尚不明确。本研究在种子预处理研究的基础上,将其幼苗经不同浓度盐溶液处理,结合外施CaCl2,通过生理生态指标比较研究,旨在探讨促进种子萌发的途径、其幼苗对盐胁迫的应激机制及外源Ca2+在其抗盐性中的作用效应,研究结果归纳如下：
1.将唐古特白刺种子经不同预处理后再进行60℃浸种24 h后育苗,各处理出苗率变化动态均呈“S”型曲线,符合Logistic曲线方程,出苗质量随预处理的不同而异,出苗期变幅38-55 d,极限出苗率变幅30.2%-57.8%。沙搓和沙碾均可显著提高白刺种子出苗质量,为培育壮苗奠定良好基础,出苗率较对照分别提高15.6%和13.4%,出苗势分别提高60.1%和6.9%,出苗指数分别提高35.2%和13.2%,活力指数分别提高41.5%和23.3%。沙搓出苗集中,较对照缩短5 d。说明将种子与沙子混合后磨搓和棍碾压均可破坏种子坚硬致密的内果皮结构,破除休眠,促进出苗和生长。但要掌握砂碾程度。
2.生长150 d的唐古特白刺苗对盐胁迫表现较强的应激和适应能力。0～3%NaCl溶液浸泡1-4 d,叶片相对电导率逐渐下降到对照水平,根系TTC还原活力在处理的1-2d显著增强,处理2d后根系活力的减弱激发了SOD、POD、CAT和DHAR等抗氧化酶类活性的协同作用,及时清除自由基,增强了膜系统的稳态性和蛋白质的稳定性,维持一定的根系活力,为适宜条件下迅速恢复生长奠定良好基础。
3.唐古特白刺具有较强的抗盐耐盐性。经将生长150 d的唐古特白刺苗分别浇灌不同浓度(0～15%) NaCl溶液培养1-10 d,在1-13%盐胁迫下幼苗表现发达的抗氧化应激能力和稳定的生态生理机能。将叶片相对电导率与不同盐浓度配合Logistic方程估测唐古特白刺叶片半致死盐浓度高达13.5%。
4.适宜浓度的外源Ca2+在一定程度上可提高唐古特白刺苗根系活力和细胞膜稳态性,这对进一步适应高盐环境具有重要意义。
N. tangutorum is excellent shrub with wind prevention and salt resistance, but also is the autoecious plant of Cynomorium songaricum. In this study, on the basis of studying its seed pretreatment, the seedlings were treated in different concentrations of salt combined applying CaCl2 in order to reveal the salt-resistance mechanism and the role of exogenous Ca2+ in its salt resistance.The results show as follows:
1. To explore the way to improve seed emergence quality and seedling growth of N. tangutorum, the seeds were pretreated with different methods before soaked at 60℃for 24 hours and sowed. Simultaneously, the seeds without pretreatment was taken as the control. The results showed that the emergence rates in all treatments incresed in the'S'curve fitted to Logistic equation with emergence durations ranging from 38 d to 55 d and the utmost germination rates ranging from 30.2% to 57.8%. The seeds rubbed and rolled with sands showed high emergence quality resulted in good seedling growth, whose emergence rates, emergence vigors, emergence indexs and vigor indexs increased by 15.6% and 13.4%, 60.1% and 6.9%,35.2% and 13.2%,41.5% and 23.3%, respectively, as compared with the control. Especially, the seeds rubbed with sands emergenced in convergence, which was 5 days earlier than the control. All above reveals that the rubbed and rolled treatments for the seeds mixed with sands may breakage their solidly compact endocarp structure and break their dormancy inproving the seeds to emergence and grow. However, it should notices that if operated improperly the rolling may destroy their internal structure.
2. N. tangutorum seedlings at 150 d's age were highly adapted to salt stresses.The RC in seedlings directed soaked in 0-3% NaCl solution for 1-4 d gradually reduced to the CK level. TTC reduction ability in the roots were enhanced in two days following treatment. The decrease in TTC reduction ability activated synergy of antioxidant enzymatic activities and eliminated ROS produced by salt stress resulted in enhancement of membrane stability and maintainence of root viability, leading to keep root ility setting up good foundation for regrowth under good environmental condition.
3. N. tangutorum seedlings have strong resistance to severe salt stresses. The seedlings were cultured for 1-10 d after irrigated by different salt concentrations of 0-15%, they showed strong antioxidant responsive ability and stable ecophysiological ability. It estimated by combined RC and NaCl concentrations with Logistic equation that the LS50 was 13.5%.
4. Some extent of exogenous Ca2+ has efficient effect on improving the membrane satbility and root viability of the Nitraria seedlings resulted in resistance to severe salt stress.
1.将唐古特白刺种子经不同预处理后再进行60℃浸种24 h后育苗,各处理出苗率变化动态均呈“S”型曲线,符合Logistic曲线方程,出苗质量随预处理的不同而异,出苗期变幅38-55 d,极限出苗率变幅30.2%-57.8%。沙搓和沙碾均可显著提高白刺种子出苗质量,为培育壮苗奠定良好基础,出苗率较对照分别提高15.6%和13.4%,出苗势分别提高60.1%和6.9%,出苗指数分别提高35.2%和13.2%,活力指数分别提高41.5%和23.3%。沙搓出苗集中,较对照缩短5 d。说明将种子与沙子混合后磨搓和棍碾压均可破坏种子坚硬致密的内果皮结构,破除休眠,促进出苗和生长。但要掌握砂碾程度。
2.生长150 d的唐古特白刺苗对盐胁迫表现较强的应激和适应能力。0～3%NaCl溶液浸泡1-4 d,叶片相对电导率逐渐下降到对照水平,根系TTC还原活力在处理的1-2d显著增强,处理2d后根系活力的减弱激发了SOD、POD、CAT和DHAR等抗氧化酶类活性的协同作用,及时清除自由基,增强了膜系统的稳态性和蛋白质的稳定性,维持一定的根系活力,为适宜条件下迅速恢复生长奠定良好基础。
3.唐古特白刺具有较强的抗盐耐盐性。经将生长150 d的唐古特白刺苗分别浇灌不同浓度(0～15%) NaCl溶液培养1-10 d,在1-13%盐胁迫下幼苗表现发达的抗氧化应激能力和稳定的生态生理机能。将叶片相对电导率与不同盐浓度配合Logistic方程估测唐古特白刺叶片半致死盐浓度高达13.5%。
4.适宜浓度的外源Ca2+在一定程度上可提高唐古特白刺苗根系活力和细胞膜稳态性,这对进一步适应高盐环境具有重要意义。
N. tangutorum is excellent shrub with wind prevention and salt resistance, but also is the autoecious plant of Cynomorium songaricum. In this study, on the basis of studying its seed pretreatment, the seedlings were treated in different concentrations of salt combined applying CaCl2 in order to reveal the salt-resistance mechanism and the role of exogenous Ca2+ in its salt resistance.The results show as follows:
1. To explore the way to improve seed emergence quality and seedling growth of N. tangutorum, the seeds were pretreated with different methods before soaked at 60℃for 24 hours and sowed. Simultaneously, the seeds without pretreatment was taken as the control. The results showed that the emergence rates in all treatments incresed in the'S'curve fitted to Logistic equation with emergence durations ranging from 38 d to 55 d and the utmost germination rates ranging from 30.2% to 57.8%. The seeds rubbed and rolled with sands showed high emergence quality resulted in good seedling growth, whose emergence rates, emergence vigors, emergence indexs and vigor indexs increased by 15.6% and 13.4%, 60.1% and 6.9%,35.2% and 13.2%,41.5% and 23.3%, respectively, as compared with the control. Especially, the seeds rubbed with sands emergenced in convergence, which was 5 days earlier than the control. All above reveals that the rubbed and rolled treatments for the seeds mixed with sands may breakage their solidly compact endocarp structure and break their dormancy inproving the seeds to emergence and grow. However, it should notices that if operated improperly the rolling may destroy their internal structure.
2. N. tangutorum seedlings at 150 d's age were highly adapted to salt stresses.The RC in seedlings directed soaked in 0-3% NaCl solution for 1-4 d gradually reduced to the CK level. TTC reduction ability in the roots were enhanced in two days following treatment. The decrease in TTC reduction ability activated synergy of antioxidant enzymatic activities and eliminated ROS produced by salt stress resulted in enhancement of membrane stability and maintainence of root viability, leading to keep root ility setting up good foundation for regrowth under good environmental condition.
3. N. tangutorum seedlings have strong resistance to severe salt stresses. The seedlings were cultured for 1-10 d after irrigated by different salt concentrations of 0-15%, they showed strong antioxidant responsive ability and stable ecophysiological ability. It estimated by combined RC and NaCl concentrations with Logistic equation that the LS50 was 13.5%.
4. Some extent of exogenous Ca2+ has efficient effect on improving the membrane satbility and root viability of the Nitraria seedlings resulted in resistance to severe salt stress.
引文
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