大风对弓网受流质量及运行安全影响研究
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摘要
电气化铁路有着运输能力和效率高、能量消耗少、速度快等优势,因而电力牵引已成为我国铁路牵引动力的重要发展方向。地处新疆的兰新线铁路,常年受大风侵袭,作为电力牵引系统中主要供电装置的接触网,在强风环境下的稳定性不容忽视。为了提高兰新线铁路的运输能力,铁道部决定对其进行电气化改造。其中乌鲁木齐铁路局曾大力投入,通过在风口地段修建挡风墙,起到防风作用；而且还对接触网结构和电力机车的倾覆性能等方面做了大量研究,对电力机车安全运行均起到一定的防护作用。但是对于强风作用下的弓网运行安全影响还未作全面考虑,因此本文开展强风区受电弓受流质量与弓网运行安全研究具有重要意义。
本文首先对国内外受电弓／接触网系统和接触网抗风性能方面的研究现状进行了分析。接着以地处新疆的兰新线铁路风口地段单个锚段直线段接触网为研究对象,借助有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立考虑材料非线性的接触网参数化有限元模型及受电弓线性化模型,仿真模拟不同线索张力匹配方案时各运行速度下弓网接触压力,分析了张力变化对接触压力的影响,获得最佳匹配方案。以最佳匹配方案为研究对象,将其作为瞬态载荷施加到接触网上进行非线性瞬态动力学分析,分析随着受电弓运行速度提高,接触网在受电弓／接触网垂向耦合振动过程中瞬态位移响应及应力时间历程,并对弓网受流质量进行了评价。采用脉动风进一步模拟接触网的风偏,得到接触网风振响应,计算风载和接触压力共同作用下的接触网动态响应特性,得出接触线特征点横向与垂向的位移时程。通过以上仿真计算,检验现有接触网结构受风稳定性及弓网受流安全性。
Electrified railway has a highly transport capacity and efficiency, less energy consumption, high speed and other advantages, and thus the electric traction has become an important development direction of China's railway traction power. For Lan-Xin railway located in Xinjiang hitted by strong winds all year round, the catenary as one of the important power supply device of electric traction system, the stability in windy conditions can not be ignored.In order to improve the transport capacity of the Lan-Xin Railway, the Ministry of Railways intends to carry out the electrification transformation. Urumqi Railway Bureau has invested heavily to build wind wall in the wind zone,which is play the role of shelter wind.And large research have been carry on about catenary structure and overturning performance of electric locomotives.its also play the role of shelter wind for electric locomotives run safety.But Pantograph-catenary operation security under the action of strong sidewind has not yet fully taken into account, so carried out catenary1stability and pantograph-catenary operation security under the action of strong sidewind is of great significance in this paper.
Based on the single line anchor period on catenary systems of Lan-Xin Railway in strong wind area in this paper, parametric finite element model of the catenary which takes into account material non-linear and pantograph linear model.has been build with finite element analysis software ANSYS. Simulating contact pressure of Pantograph-catenary under different tension matching program and different running speed, and analysis of how the tension changes impact on the contact pressure. Then as a transient load applied to the contact line to conducting transient response analysis, analysising transient displacement response and stress-time history of vertical coupling vibration of the pantograph/catenary with the pantograph running speed improve.Then using luctuation wind to further simulated catenary offset state, calculated the catenary largest offset and the displacement response of special point in all directions, catenary dynamic response characteristics were obtained under the action of contact pressure and wind loads eventually. Thus it can test the security of pantograph-catenary and catenary's stability under wind loads.
本文首先对国内外受电弓／接触网系统和接触网抗风性能方面的研究现状进行了分析。接着以地处新疆的兰新线铁路风口地段单个锚段直线段接触网为研究对象,借助有限元分析软件ANSYS,建立考虑材料非线性的接触网参数化有限元模型及受电弓线性化模型,仿真模拟不同线索张力匹配方案时各运行速度下弓网接触压力,分析了张力变化对接触压力的影响,获得最佳匹配方案。以最佳匹配方案为研究对象,将其作为瞬态载荷施加到接触网上进行非线性瞬态动力学分析,分析随着受电弓运行速度提高,接触网在受电弓／接触网垂向耦合振动过程中瞬态位移响应及应力时间历程,并对弓网受流质量进行了评价。采用脉动风进一步模拟接触网的风偏,得到接触网风振响应,计算风载和接触压力共同作用下的接触网动态响应特性,得出接触线特征点横向与垂向的位移时程。通过以上仿真计算,检验现有接触网结构受风稳定性及弓网受流安全性。
Electrified railway has a highly transport capacity and efficiency, less energy consumption, high speed and other advantages, and thus the electric traction has become an important development direction of China's railway traction power. For Lan-Xin railway located in Xinjiang hitted by strong winds all year round, the catenary as one of the important power supply device of electric traction system, the stability in windy conditions can not be ignored.In order to improve the transport capacity of the Lan-Xin Railway, the Ministry of Railways intends to carry out the electrification transformation. Urumqi Railway Bureau has invested heavily to build wind wall in the wind zone,which is play the role of shelter wind.And large research have been carry on about catenary structure and overturning performance of electric locomotives.its also play the role of shelter wind for electric locomotives run safety.But Pantograph-catenary operation security under the action of strong sidewind has not yet fully taken into account, so carried out catenary1stability and pantograph-catenary operation security under the action of strong sidewind is of great significance in this paper.
Based on the single line anchor period on catenary systems of Lan-Xin Railway in strong wind area in this paper, parametric finite element model of the catenary which takes into account material non-linear and pantograph linear model.has been build with finite element analysis software ANSYS. Simulating contact pressure of Pantograph-catenary under different tension matching program and different running speed, and analysis of how the tension changes impact on the contact pressure. Then as a transient load applied to the contact line to conducting transient response analysis, analysising transient displacement response and stress-time history of vertical coupling vibration of the pantograph/catenary with the pantograph running speed improve.Then using luctuation wind to further simulated catenary offset state, calculated the catenary largest offset and the displacement response of special point in all directions, catenary dynamic response characteristics were obtained under the action of contact pressure and wind loads eventually. Thus it can test the security of pantograph-catenary and catenary's stability under wind loads.
引文
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[7]王同军.兰州铁路局运输能力快速扩充的思考[J].中国铁路,2005,(2)：37-39.
[8]张勇.大风区铁路挡风墙及路基断面参数对车辆及接触网的影响研究[D].西南交通大学硕士论文.2011.
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[13]Frohling R, Ruplal M. Dynamic interaction between pantograph and pverhead track equipment for heavy haul operations[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics,2000,33(SUPPL.): 478-489
[14]Wear of pantograph collector strips[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2008.222(2):169-176
[15]Current collection characteristics and improvement methods of high-tension overhead catenary system[J]. Electrical Engineering in Japan (English translation of Denki Gakkai Ronbunshi),1998,123(4):67-76.
[16]Gonzalez F J, Chover J A, Suarez B. Dynamic analysis using finite elements to calculate the critical wear section of the contact wire in suburban railway overhead conductor rails. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit[J],2008,222(2):145-157.
[17]Diana G Fossati F, Resta F. High speed railway:Collecting pantographs active control and overhead lines diagnostic solutions[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics,1998,30(1):69-84.
[18]Vinayagalingam T. Computer Evaluation of Controlled Pantograophs For Current Collection From Simple Catenary Overhead Equipment At High Speed[J]. Journal of Dynamic System, Measurement and Control. Transactions of the ASME,1983,105(4): 287-294.
[19]Massat J P, Laine J P. Bobillot A. Pantograph-catenary Dynamic simulation[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics supplement,2006(44):551-559.
[20]Park T J, Han C S, Jang J H. Dynamic sensitivity analysis for the pangraph of a high-speed rail vehicle[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2003,266(2):235-260.
[21]Seo J H, Kim S W, Jung I H, et al. Dynamic analysis of a pantograph-catenary system using absolute nodal coordinates [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(8):615-630.
[22]于正平,张弘,吴鸿标.高速电气化铁路接触网/受电弓系统的研究[J].中国铁道科学.1999.20(01)：59-72.
[23]梅桂明,张卫华,刘红娇.不同结构类型接触网动态特性[J].交通运输工程学报,2002,2(2)：27-31.
[24]吴天行.接触网的有限元计算与分析.铁道学报,1996.7.
[25]毕继红,张峰,刘峰涛.刚性悬挂接触网/受电弓系统动力分析[J].沈阳理工大学学报,2007,(04)：51-53
[26]吴天行.弓-网高速动态受流仿真研究[J].铁道学报,1996,,18(04)：55-61.
[27]周宁,张卫华.基于直接积分法的弓网耦合系统动态性能的仿真分析[J].中国铁道科学,2008,29(06)：71-75.
[28]李鹏.弓-网耦合系统的动态模拟及疲劳分析[D].天津大学硕士学位论文,2009.
[29]李文豪.高速铁路受电弓-接触网相互作用评价[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[30]韩福景.电力机车受电弓非线性动力学行为研究[D].石家庄铁道学院硕士学位论文.2004.
[32]日比野有,石田弘明.车両の耘覆限界风速に関すゐ静的解析法[J].铁道総研报告.2003,17(4)：39-45
[33]Carrarini A. Reliability based analysis of the crosswind stability of railway vehicles [J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aeroddynamics,2007,95(7):493～509.
[34]冯京柱.世界电气化铁路50年[J].电气化铁道,2001(4)：1-7.
[35]李燕飞.兰新线电气化改造工程大风区段行车安全研究[D].中南大学硕士学位论 文,2007.
[36]曹树森,柯坚,刘晓红.风荷载作用下接触网结构动力学可靠性分析[J].中国机械工程,2011.22(9)：1018-1022.
[37]李鲲.大风区高速铁路新型防风设施研究[J].中南大学学报,2012(2)：756-762.
[38]李林.风荷载作用下的接触网硬横跨结构响应分析[D].长安大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[39]于万聚.高速电气化铁路接触网[M].西南交通大学出版社,2002.12.
[40]中铁电气化局集团有限公司.电气化铁道接触网[M].中国电力出版社,2003,65-67.
[41]尚晓江,邱峰等.ANSYS结构有限元高级分析方法与范例应用[M].中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[42]王新敏.ANSYS工程结构数值分析[M].人民交通出版社,2007.
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